[Efficacy of the Vaccines Against Human Papillomavirus in Women Older than 24 Years in the Cervix Cancer Prevention].

Abstract:

INTRODUCTION:Cervix cancer is the fourth most common female cancer and the second most frequent in women aged 15 to 44 years. The infection by the human papillomavirus is a necessary condition in almost all of cervix cancer cases; it is a sexually transmitted disease and all women sexually active are at risk of being infected. There are currently three vaccines against human papillomavirus, and despite of the efficacy being well proven in woman aged up to 25 years, it is not well established in older ages. MATERIAL AND METHODS:It was performed a literature review of the current evidence about the efficacy of the vaccines against human papillomavirus in women older than 24 years in the cervix cancer prevention, and was assessed the evidence quality by the GRADE system. RESULTS:Two randomized controlled trials were identified with a total of 9,571 participants - 4,792 vaccinated and 4,779 at the control group and reported data of 48 months period follow-up. The relative risk reduction was 41% (95% CI: 29 a 50%) - for the vaccinated group. There were no differences in safety and tolerability between the two groups - vaccine and control. CONCLUSION:The actual evidence shows that the vaccines against human papillomavirus 16 and/or 18 in women older than 24 until 45 years have an important efficacy at reducing the risk of having persistent infection and/or to acquire cervix cancer precursor lesions. :Introdução: O cancro do colo do útero é o quarto tipo de cancro feminino mais comum e o segundo mais frequente nas mulheres entre os 15 e os 44 anos. A infeção pelo vírus do papiloma humano é condição necessária na quase totalidade dos casos de cancro do colo do útero; trata-se de uma doença sexualmente transmissível e todas as mulheres sexualmente ativas estão em risco de contrair infeção. Atualmente existem três vacinas contra o vírus do papiloma humano, e apesar da sua eficácia estar bem comprovada nas mulheres até aos 25 anos, não está totalmente estabelecida em idades superiores.Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura sobre a evidência atual relativa à eficácia das vacinas contra o vírus do papiloma humano nas mulheres com mais de 24 anos na prevenção do cancro do colo do útero e foi avaliada a qualidade da evidência segundo o sistema GRADE.Resultados: Foram identificados dois estudos controlados randomizados relevantes para a análise que envolveram um total de 9 571 participantes – 4 792 no grupo vacinado e 4 779 no grupo controlo – e reportaram dados relativos a 48 meses de follow-up. A redução do risco relativo foi de 41% (95% CI: 29 a 50%), – favorável para o grupo vacinado. Não existiram diferenças entre a segurança e tolerabilidade das vacinas nos grupos vacina e controlo.Conclusão: A evidência atual demonstra que as vacinas contra o vírus do papiloma humano 16 e/ou 18 nas mulheres com mais de 24 e até aos 45 anos apresentam uma eficácia importante na redução do risco de desenvolver infeção persistente e/ou adquirir lesões precursoras de cancro do colo do útero.

journal_name

Acta Med Port

journal_title

Acta medica portuguesa

authors

Pimenta Ribeiro J,Borges I

doi

10.20344/amp.7095

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-06-01 00:00:00

pages

401-408

issue

6

eissn

0870-399X

issn

1646-0758

journal_volume

29

pub_type

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