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Systematic review and consensus guidelines for environmental sampling of Burkholderia pseudomallei.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Burkholderia pseudomallei, a Tier 1 Select Agent and the cause of melioidosis, is a Gram-negative bacillus present in the environment in many tropical countries. Defining the global pattern of B. pseudomallei distribution underpins efforts to prevent infection, and is dependent upon robust environmental sampling methodology. Our objective was to review the literature on the detection of environmental B. pseudomallei, update the risk map for melioidosis, and propose international consensus guidelines for soil sampling. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:An international working party (Detection of Environmental Burkholderia pseudomallei Working Party (DEBWorP)) was formed during the VIth World Melioidosis Congress in 2010. PubMed (January 1912 to December 2011) was searched using the following MeSH terms: pseudomallei or melioidosis. Bibliographies were hand-searched for secondary references. The reported geographical distribution of B. pseudomallei in the environment was mapped and categorized as definite, probable, or possible. The methodology used for detecting environmental B. pseudomallei was extracted and collated. We found that global coverage was patchy, with a lack of studies in many areas where melioidosis is suspected to occur. The sampling strategies and bacterial identification methods used were highly variable, and not all were robust. We developed consensus guidelines with the goals of reducing the probability of false-negative results, and the provision of affordable and 'low-tech' methodology that is applicable in both developed and developing countries. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:The proposed consensus guidelines provide the basis for the development of an accurate and comprehensive global map of environmental B. pseudomallei.

journal_name

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

journal_title

PLoS neglected tropical diseases

authors

Limmathurotsakul D,Dance DA,Wuthiekanun V,Kaestli M,Mayo M,Warner J,Wagner DM,Tuanyok A,Wertheim H,Yoke Cheng T,Mukhopadhyay C,Puthucheary S,Day NP,Steinmetz I,Currie BJ,Peacock SJ

doi

10.1371/journal.pntd.0002105

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-01-01 00:00:00

pages

e2105

issue

eissn

1935-2727

issn

1935-2735

pii

PNTD-D-12-00823

journal_volume

pub_type

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Systematic review and consensus guidelines for environmental sampling of Burkholderia pseudomallei.