Abstract:
:We do not claim that the brain is completely deterministic, and we agree that noise may be beneficial in some cases. But we suggest that neuronal variability may be often overestimated, due to uncontrolled internal variables, and/or the use of inappropriate reference times. These ideas are not new, but should be re-examined in the light of recent experimental findings: trial-to-trial variability is often correlated across neurons, across trials, greater for higher-order neurons, and reduced by attention, suggesting that "intrinsic" sources of noise can only account for a minimal part of it. While it is obviously difficult to control for all internal variables, the problem of reference time can be largely avoided by recording multiple neurons at the same time, and looking at statistical structures in relative latencies. These relative latencies have another major advantage: they are insensitive to the variability that is shared across neurons, which is often a significant part of the total variability. Thus, we suggest that signal-to-noise ratios in the brain may be much higher than usually thought, leading to reactive systems, economic in terms of number of neurons, and energy efficient.
journal_name
Front Comput Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in computational neuroscienceauthors
Masquelier Tdoi
10.3389/fncom.2013.00007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-25 00:00:00pages
7issn
1662-5188journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Image registration and segmentation are the two most studied problems in medical image analysis. Deep learning algorithms have recently gained a lot of attention due to their success and state-of-the-art results in variety of problems and communities. In this paper, we propose a novel, efficient, and multi-task algori...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2020.00017
更新日期:2020-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Neuromodulatory inputs from brainstem systems modulate the normal function of spinal motoneurons by altering the activation properties of persistent inward currents (PICs) in their dendrites. However, the effect of the PIC on firing outputs also depends on its location in the dendritic tree. To investigate the interac...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2014.00110
更新日期:2014-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::A neural code based on sequences of spikes can consume a significant portion of the brain's energy budget. Thus, energy considerations would dictate that spiking activity be kept as low as possible. However, a high spike-rate improves the coding and representation of signals in spike trains, particularly in sensory sy...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2015.00061
更新日期:2015-06-02 00:00:00
abstract::Scaffolds and patterned substrates are among the most successful strategies to dictate the connectivity between neurons in culture. Here, we used numerical simulations to investigate the capacity of physical obstacles placed on a flat substrate to shape structural connectivity, and in turn collective dynamics and effe...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2020.00077
更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Persistent activity observed during delayed-response tasks for spatial working memory (Funahashi et al., 1989) has commonly been modeled by recurrent networks whose dynamics is described as a bump attractor (Compte et al., 2000). We examine the effects of interareal architecture on the dynamics of bump attractors in s...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2013.00082
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormal neuronal synchrony plays an important role in a number of brain diseases. To specifically counteract abnormal neuronal synchrony by desynchronization, Coordinated Reset (CR) stimulation, a spatiotemporally patterned stimulation technique, was designed with computational means. In neuronal networks with spike ...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00044
更新日期:2016-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Many of the synapses in the basal ganglia display short-term plasticity. Still, computational models have not yet been used to investigate how this affects signaling. Here we use a model of the basal ganglia network, constrained by available data, to quantitatively investigate how synaptic short-term plasticity affect...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2013.00076
更新日期:2013-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Modern machine learning is based on powerful algorithms running on digital computing platforms and there is great interest in accelerating the learning process and making it more energy efficient. In this paper we present a fully autonomous probabilistic circuit for fast and efficient learning that makes no use of dig...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2020.00014
更新日期:2020-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebellum is known to play a critical role in learning relevant patterns of activity for adaptive motor control, but the underlying network mechanisms are only partly understood. The classical long-term synaptic plasticity between parallel fibers (PFs) and Purkinje cells (PCs), which is driven by the inferior oli...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncom.2014.00097
更新日期:2014-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Synchrony and asynchrony are essential aspects of the functioning of interconnected neuronal cells and networks. New information on neuronal synchronization can be expected to aid in understanding these systems. Synchronization provides insight in the functional connectivity and the spatial distribution of the informa...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00112
更新日期:2016-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental studies on the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN) of mammals and rodents show that the inhibitory interneurons (IN) receive around 47.1% of their afferents from the retinal spiking neurons, and constitute around 20-25% of the LGN cell population. However, there is a definite gap in knowledge about the role ...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00115
更新日期:2016-11-16 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose is the brain's principal source of ATP, but the extent to which cerebral glucose consumption (CMRglc) is coupled with its oxygen consumption (CMRO2) remains unclear. Measurements of the brain's oxygen-glucose index OGI = CMRO2/CMRglc suggest that its oxygen uptake largely suffices for oxidative phosphorylation...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00103
更新日期:2016-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Often we need to perform tasks in an environment that changes stochastically. In these situations it is important to learn the statistics of sequences of events in order to predict the future and the outcome of our actions. The statistical description of many of these sequences can be reduced to the set of probabiliti...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2013.00032
更新日期:2013-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::The correlation structure of neural activity is believed to play a major role in the encoding and possibly the decoding of information in neural populations. Recently, several methods were developed for exactly controlling the correlation structure of multi-channel synthetic spike trains (Brette, 2009; Krumin and Shoh...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2010.00147
更新日期:2010-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the progress in understanding of neural codes, the studies of the cortico-muscular coupling still largely rely on interferential electromyographic (EMG) signal or its rectification for the assessment of motor neuron pool behavior. This assessment is non-trivial and should be used with precaution. Direct analys...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2019.00014
更新日期:2019-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::The role of dendritic spiking mechanisms in neural processing is so far poorly understood. To investigate the role of calcium spikes in the functional properties of the single neuron and recurrent networks, we investigated a three compartment neuron model of the layer 5 pyramidal neuron with calcium dynamics in the di...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00076
更新日期:2016-07-22 00:00:00
abstract::The morphology of presynaptic specializations can vary greatly ranging from classical single-release-site boutons in the central nervous system to boutons of various sizes harboring multiple vesicle release sites. Multi-release-site boutons can be found in several neural contexts, for example at the neuromuscular junc...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2014.00101
更新日期:2014-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::The striatum is an important subcortical structure with extensive connections to other regions of the brain. These connections are believed to play important roles in behaviors such as reward-related processes and impulse control, which show significant sex differences. However, little is known about sex differences i...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00100
更新日期:2016-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::In synapses, calcium is required for modulating synaptic transmission, plasticity, synaptogenesis, and synaptic pruning. The regulation of calcium dynamics within neurons involves cellular mechanisms such as synaptically activated channels and pumps, calcium buffers, and calcium sequestrating organelles. Many experime...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2018.00058
更新日期:2018-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Visual appearance of natural objects is profoundly affected by viewing conditions such as viewpoint and illumination. Human subjects can nevertheless compensate well for variations in these viewing conditions. The strategies that the visual system uses to accomplish this are largely unclear. Previous computational stu...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2012.00056
更新日期:2012-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Objective: To study the effect of directional deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode configuration and vertical electrode spacing on the volume of tissue activated (VTA) in the globus pallidus, pars interna (GPi). Background: Directional DBS leads may allow clinicians to precisely direct current fields to different fu...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2020.561180
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Deep brain stimulation (DBS) leads with radially distributed electrodes have potential to improve clinical outcomes through more selective targeting of pathways and networks within the brain. However, increasing the number of electrodes on clinical DBS leads by replacing conventional cylindrical shell electrodes with ...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00058
更新日期:2016-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::VISUAL RECEPTIVE FIELD (RF) ATTRIBUTES IN VISUAL CORTEX OF PRIMATES HAVE BEEN EXPLAINED MAINLY FROM CORTICAL CONNECTIONS: visual RFs progress from simple to complex through cortico-cortical pathways from lower to higher levels in the visual hierarchy. This feedforward flow of information is paired with top-down proces...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2012.00029
更新日期:2012-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Motor system uses muscle synergies as a modular organization to simplify the control of movements. Motor cortical impairments, such as stroke and spinal cord injuries, disrupt the orchestration of the muscle synergies and result in abnormal movements. In this paper, the alterations of muscle synergies in subacute stro...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2018.00069
更新日期:2018-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last decade robotics has attracted a great deal of interest from teachers and researchers as a valuable educational tool from preschool to highschool levels. The implementation of social-support behaviors in robot tutors, in particular in the emotional dimension, can make a significant contribution to learnin...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00077
更新日期:2016-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::Affective human-robot interaction requires lightweight software and cheap wearable devices that could further this field. However, the estimation of emotions in real-time poses a problem that has not yet been optimized. An optimization is proposed for the emotion estimation methodology including artifact removal, feat...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2019.00080
更新日期:2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::The histograms of response times of optimal YES/NO decisions that are computed from a single sensory Poisson neuron are highly structured. In particular, response times in NO decisions are quantized to a small set of times, while response times in YES decisions have a multimodal structure. Both the times of NO decisio...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2014.00042
更新日期:2014-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes actively shape the dynamics of neurons and neuronal ensembles by affecting several aspects critical to neuronal function, such as regulating synaptic plasticity, modulating neuronal excitability, and maintaining extracellular ion balance. These pathways for astrocyte-neuron interaction can also enhance the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2012.00058
更新日期:2012-08-13 00:00:00
abstract::Burst spike patterns are common in regions of the hippocampal formation such as the subiculum and medial entorhinal cortex (MEC). Neurons in these areas are immersed in extracellular electrical potential fluctuations often recorded as the local field potential (LFP). LFP rhythms within different frequency bands are li...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2016.00133
更新日期:2016-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, we describe and analyze the chaotic behavior of a conductance-based neuronal bursting model. This is a model with a reduced number of variables, yet it retains biophysical plausibility. Inspired by the activity of cold thermoreceptors, the model contains a persistent Sodium current, a Calcium-activate...
journal_title:Frontiers in computational neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncom.2017.00012
更新日期:2017-03-10 00:00:00