Abstract:
:The study of carotid artery occlusive disease interventions can be divided clinically into the treatment of asymptomatic and symptomatic diseases. Clinical trials that have studied or are currently studying asymptomatic disease include: the Carotid Artery Stenosis with Asymptomatic Narrowing Operation Versus Aspirin study; the Mayo Asymptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy trial; Veterans Administration Cooperative Trial on Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis; and the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study. Trials for the treatment of symptomatic disease include: the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial; the European Carotid Surgery Trial; and the Veterans Administration Cooperative Study. In the earliest trials conducted to study asymptomatic disease medical therapy was slightly favored; on close scrutiny these studies were flawed and the findings appeared to be equivocal. The more scientific and appropriate trial, which was ended due to ethical concerns, revealed a clear advantage in patients who underwent surgery for greater than 60% stenosis and when the surgical center demonstrated less than 3% surgical risks. All trials studying symptomatic disease found a significant decrease in subsequent stroke when surgical intervention was performed. It is now judged that patients with greater than 50% stenosis receive significant benefit. In this paper the authors review the data from all of these studies. They also review data for special circumstances, such as critical stenosis and patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic Hollenhorst plaques. It is their opinion that these data have allowed surgeons to make much more educated decisions when considering the treatment of patients with carotid artery occlusive disease.
journal_name
Neurosurg Focusjournal_title
Neurosurgical focusauthors
Brennan JJ,Loftus CMsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-12-15 00:00:00pages
e1issue
6issn
1092-0684pii
050601journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECT:Fifteen hundred patients have received deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat neuropathic pain refractory to pharmacotherapy over the last half-century, but few during the last decade. Deep brain stimulation for neuropathic pain has shown variable outcomes and gained consensus approval in Europe but not the US. T...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2013.7.FOCUS1346
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Although a rarely reported occurrence, late failure of endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) may occur in children as a result of a variety of factors. Delay in recognition of symptoms can lead to harmful deterioration in the patient's condition. The authors undertook this study to assess the capacity of cine p...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2011.1.FOCUS10303
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the expectation of monetary compensation has been associated with failures in lumbar discectomy, the issue has not been investigated in patients undergoing cervical disc surgery. The authors analyzed the relationship between economic forms of secondary gain and surgical outcome in a group of patients with a c...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.1998.5.2.9
更新日期:1998-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The craniocervical junction (CCJ) functions within a complicated regional anatomy necessary to protect and support vital neurovascular structures. In select instances, vascular pathology can be attributed to this complicated interplay of motion and structure found within this narrow space. The authors report 3 cases o...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2015.1.FOCUS14826
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::For a physician has the worth of many other warriors, both for the excision of arrows and for the administration of soothing drugs. Homer, Iliad XI.514-515 Ever since armed conflict has been used as a means to settle disputes among men, there have been those who have been tasked to mend the wounds that ravage a soldie...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 历史文章
doi:10.3171/2010.3.FOCUSMar2010Intro
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify and discuss operative nuances utilizing image guidance in the surgical management of aggressive sacral tumors. METHODS The authors report on their single-institution, multi-surgeon, retrospective case series involving patients with pathology-proven aggressive sacral tumo...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2016.6.FOCUS16125
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE The long-term effects on adjacent-segment pathology after nonfusion dynamic stabilization is unclear, and, in particular, changes at the adjacent facet joints have not been reported in a clinical study. This study aims to compare changes in the adjacent facet joints after lumbar spinal surgery. METHODS Patie...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2015.10.FOCUS15456
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The COVID-19 pandemic has forced medical professionals throughout the world to adapt to the changing medical scenario. The objective of this survey was to assess the change in neurosurgical training in India following the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS:Between May 7, 2020, and May 16, 2020, a validated questionn...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2020.9.FOCUS20537
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas comprise approximately 30% of all pituitary tumors. The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the efficacy and role of gamma knife surgery (GKS) in the treatment of these lesions. METHODS:The authors conducted a review of cases in which GKS was performed at the Un...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.2003.14.5.10
更新日期:2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Lumbar nerve root anomalies are uncommon phenomena that must be recognized to avoid neural injury during surgery. The authors describe 2 cases of nerve root anomalies encountered during mini-open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) surgery. One anomaly was a confluent variant not previously classified; the a...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2013.2.FOCUS1349
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common form of primary brain cancer, has been significantly advanced by recent efforts to characterize the cancer genome using unbiased high-throughput sequencing analyses. While these studies have documented hundreds of mutations, gene copy alterations, and...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2009.10.FOCUS09212
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) and osmotic pump delivery both have been promoted as promising techniques to deliver drugs to pediatric diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas (DIPGs). Correspondingly, the aim of this study was to understand how infusate molecular weight (MW), duration of delivery, and mechanism...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2019.10.FOCUS19703
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:It is hypothesized that minimally invasive surgical techniques lead to fewer complications than open surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD). The goal of this study was to analyze matched patient cohorts in an attempt to isolate the impact of approach on adverse events. METHODS:Two multicenter databases querie...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2014.3.FOCUS13534
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECT Neurosurgery studies traditionally have evaluated the effects of interventions on health care outcomes by studying overall changes in measured outcomes over time. Yet, this type of linear analysis is limited due to lack of consideration of the trend's effects both pre- and postintervention and the potential for...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2015.9.FOCUS15374
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Parallel advancements in image guidance technology and minimal access techniques continue to push the frontiers of minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS). While traditional intraoperative imaging remains widely used, newer platforms, such as 3D-fluoroscopy, cone-beam CT, and intraoperative CT/MRI, have enabled ...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2013.5.FOCUS13150
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Experience with minimal-access surgical approaches for revision lumbar surgery has not been previously reported. METHODS:During a 7-month period, 10 consecutive patients with recurrent disc herniations underwent revision operations in which microendoscopic discectomy (MED) was performed. Perioperative data and ...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.2003.15.3.12
更新日期:2003-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::In addition to standard management for the treatment of the acute phase of spinal cord injury (SCI), implementation of novel neuroprotective interventions offers the potential for significant reductions in morbidity and long-term health costs. A better understanding of the systemic changes after SCI could provide insi...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2018.12.FOCUS18206
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrodiagnostic testing in patients who have upper-extremity symptoms, which may include carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), has been the gold standard for diagnosis for many years. Despite their value, these tests are underutilized. The authors examined the use patterns of electrodiagnostic testing at the University of V...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.1997.3.1.5
更新日期:1997-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Minimally invasive lumbar discectomy is a refinement of the standard open microsurgical discectomy technique. Proponents of the minimally invasive technique suggest that it improves patient outcome, shortens hospital stay, and decreases hospital costs. Despite these claims there is little support in the literatu...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/FOC/2008/25/8/E20
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:This study analyzes 84 cases of peroneal nerve injuries associated with sports-related knee injuries and their surgical outcome and management. METHODS:The authors retrospectively reviewed the cases of peroneal nerve injury associated with sports between the years 1970 and 2010. Each patient was evaluated for i...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2011.9.FOCUS11187
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to make thoracic discectomy simple and less invasive while using direct visualization, a 70 degrees -angled lens endoscope has been adopted to visualize the ventral aspect of the spinal cord dura mater during microsurgical thoracic discectomy via a transpedicular approach. The patient is positioned in a 6...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/foc.1998.4.2.8
更新日期:1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a rare tumor whose prognosis has remained poor over the years despite innovative radio- and chemotherapies, and important technical advances in neurosurgery such as intraoperative imaging, fluorescence, Cavitron ultrasonic surgical aspirator, and neuronavigation. Particular atten...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2014.9.FOCUS14493
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors describe a surgical technique for the correction of symptomatic degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Using a single, unilateral, interbody cage placed on the concave side of the coronal deformity, combined with a dorsal decompression and instrumented posterolateral fusion, this technique has resulted in excellen...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2009.12.FOCUS09281
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic intracranial aneurysms are rare, occurring in fewer than 1% of patients with cerebral aneurysms. They can occur following blunt or penetrating head trauma and are more common in the pediatric population. Traumatic aneurysms can be categorized histologically as true, false, or mixed, with false aneurysms bein...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/foc.2000.8.1.1829
更新日期:2000-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECT:Intraneural ganglia are nonneoplastic mucinous cysts contained within the epineurium of peripheral nerves. Their pathogenesis has been controversial. Historically, the majority of authors have favored de novo formation (degenerative theory). Because of their rarity, intraneural ganglia affecting the upper limb h...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/FOC.2009.26.2.E10
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both the history of headache and the practice of craniotomy can be traced to antiquity. From ancient times through the present day, numerous civilizations and scholars have performed craniotomy in attempts to treat headache. Today, surgical intervention for headache management is becoming increasingly more common due ...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2014.1.FOCUS13549
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perioperative abdominal complications associated with spine surgery are rare. Although most known abdominal complications occur in conjunction with anterior spinal fusions, there is a paucity of reports reviewing abdominal complications occurring with posterior spinal fusions. The authors review 4 patients who experie...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3171/2011.8.FOCUS11132
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spine surgery is a key target for cost reduction within the United States health care system. One possible strategy involves the transition of inpatient surgeries to the ambulatory setting. Lumbar laminectomy with or without discectomy, lumbar fusion, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, and cervical disc arthropl...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2018.2.FOCUS17790
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with the Gamma Knife and linear accelerator has revolutionized neurosurgery over the past 20 years. The most common indications for radiosurgery today are tumors and arteriovenous malformations of the brain. Functional indications such as treatment of movement disorders or intractable p...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/FOC-07/12/E3
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug addiction represents a significant public health concern that has high rates of relapse despite optimal medical therapy and rehabilitation support. New therapies are needed, and deep brain stimulation (DBS) may be an effective treatment. The past 15 years have seen numerous animal DBS studies for addiction to var...
journal_title:Neurosurgical focus
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3171/2018.5.FOCUS18163
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00