Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The prevalence of healthcare-acquired infections (HAI) and rising levels of antimicrobial resistance places significant economic and public health burdens on modern healthcare systems. A group of highly drug resistant pathogens known as the ESKAPE pathogens, along with C. difficile, are the leading causes of HAIs. Interactions between patients, healthcare workers, and environmental conditions impact disease transmission. Studying pathogen transfer under varying contact scenarios in a controlled manner is critical for understanding transmission and disinfectant strategies. In lieu of human subject research, this method has the potential to contribute to modeling the routes of pathogen transmission in healthcare settings. METHODS:To overcome these challenges, we have developed a method that utilizes a synthetic skin surrogate to model both direct (skin-to-skin) and indirect (skin-to fomite-to skin) pathogen transfer between infected patients and healthy healthcare workers. This surrogate material includes a background microbiome community simulating typical human skin flora to more accurately mimic the effects of natural flora during transmission events. RESULTS:We demonstrate the ability to modulate individual bacterial concentrations within this microbial community to mimic bacterial concentrations previously reported on the hands of human subjects. We also explore the effect of various decontamination approaches on pathogen transfer between human subjects, such as the use of handwashing or surface disinfectants. Using this method, we identify a potential outlier, S. aureus, that may persist and retain viability in specific transfer conditions better than the overall microbial community during decontamination events. CONCLUSIONS:Our work describes the development of an in vitro method that uses a synthetic skin surrogate with a defined background microbiota to simulate skin-to-skin and skin-to fomite-to skin contact scenarios. These results illustrate the value of simulating a holistic microbial community for transfer studies by elucidating differences in different pathogen transmission rates and resistance to common decontamination practices. We believe this method will contribute to improvements in pathogen transmission modeling in healthcare settings and increase our ability to assess the risk associated with HAIs, although additional research is required to establish the degree of correlation of pathogen transmission by skin or synthetic alternatives.
journal_name
BMC Infect Disjournal_title
BMC infectious diseasesauthors
Weber KL,LeSassier DS,Kappell AD,Schulte KQ,Westfall N,Albright NC,Godbold GD,Palsikar V,Acevedo CA,Ternus KL,Hewitt FCdoi
10.1186/s12879-020-05121-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-12 00:00:00pages
411issue
1issn
1471-2334pii
10.1186/s12879-020-05121-4journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:In chronic hepatitis C, the fibrosis progression rates are extremely variable and can be influenced by factors associated with the host, virus and environment. Among the associated metabolic factors, hepatic steatosis is characterized by an accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes. In the host, genetic d...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2340-x
更新日期:2017-03-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human Parainfluenza Virus (hPIV) causes severe respiratory illness in infants and adults. Our study describes the association of hPIV1-4 with bronchiolitis, croup, and pneumonia using retrospective laboratory, administrative and public health data. Due to issues including the historic lack of hPIV4 in some c...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1748-z
更新日期:2016-08-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Current diagnostic methods for Schistosoma japonicum infection are insensitive for low-density infections. Therefore, a new diagnostic assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology was established and assessed for field applification. METHODS:The S.japonicum RPA assay was developed to...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2182-6
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies suggest HIV-1 inter-subtype differences in co-receptor usage. We examined the correlation between HIV-1 subtype and co-receptor usage among treatment-naïve HIV-1 subjects in Singapore. Additionally, we investigated whether the subtype co-receptor association was influenced by stage of infectio...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-90
更新日期:2013-02-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bedaquiline was recently introduced into World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended regimens for treatment of drug resistant tuberculosis. There is limited data on the long-term safety of bedaquiline. Because bedaquiline prolongs the QT interval, there are concerns regarding cardiovascular safety. The Weste...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4197-7
更新日期:2019-06-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in humans. Several studies have been performed to reveal the prevalence rate of C. difficile in cats and dogs. However, little is known about the epidemiology of C. difficile in healthy pets in China. This study aimed to ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3678-z
更新日期:2019-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) strip test has been suggested as a new point-of-care test for active tuberculosis (TB) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected individuals. It has been questioned if infections with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) affect assay specificity. We set forth to investi...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0655-4
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common herpesvirus which is estimated to infect 83% of the global population. Whilst many infections are asymptomatic, it is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, particularly for immunocompromised people and for infants who are congenitally infected. A vaccine again...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05572-9
更新日期:2020-11-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The clinical care of people living with HIV changed fundamentally as a result of the development of effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV infection is now a long-term treatable condition. We report a national audit to assess adherence to British HIV Association guidelines for the routine investigation ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2708-y
更新日期:2017-09-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:For a long time, the role of CD8(+) T cells in blood-stage malaria was not considered important because erythrocytes do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins. While recent evidences suggest that CD8(+) T cells may play an important role during the erythrocytic phase of infection...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0762-x
更新日期:2015-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Both cell-associated and cell-free HIV virions are present in semen and cervical secretions of HIV-infected individuals. Thus, topical microbicides may need to inactivate both cell-associated and cell-free HIV to prevent sexual transmission of HIV/AIDS. To determine if the mild acidity of the healthy vagina ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-5-79
更新日期:2005-09-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) spread and infections in patients with haematological malignancies are a serious concern especially in endemic areas. Treatment failures and delay in appropriate therapy for CRKP infections are frequent and the mortality rate associated with CRKP bacteremia i...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2297-9
更新日期:2017-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antimicrobial resistance is an increasing concern in ICUs worldwide. Infection with an antibiotic resistant (ABR) strain of an organism is associated with greater mortality than infection with the non-resistant strain, but there are few data assessing whether being admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) wi...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-513
更新日期:2014-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing mycobacteria involved in severe infections of the lung, skin, or soft tissue. Macrolides such as clarithromycin are the recommended first line drugs for treatment of M. abscessus infections. However, M. abscessus has dual mechanisms of resistance to macrolides, ma...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05686-0
更新日期:2020-12-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Influenza disease burden varies by age and this has important public health implications. We compared the proportional distribution of different influenza virus types within age strata using surveillance data from twenty-nine countries during 1999-2014 (N=358,796 influenza cases). METHODS:For each virus, we...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-018-3181-y
更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a mild encephalopathy caused by various pathological processes, but encephalopathy due to bacteria is rare. CASE PRESENTATION:We report the case of a 45-year-old Japanese woman who on receiving chemotherapy for advanced ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1516-0
更新日期:2016-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Monofocal necrotizing fasciitis (MONF) involves a single site in a rapidly progressing infection and necrosis of the fascia and surrounding soft tissue. Synchronous multifocal necrotizing fasciitis (SMNF), the simultaneous development of NF in multiple noncontiguous sites, is rarely reported. This study aime...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4103-3
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Variations of porB1A and porB1B genes and their serotypes exist in Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from different geographical areas, and some site mutations in the porB1B gene correlate with drug resistance. METHODS:The β-lactamase production of N. gonorrhoeae isolates was determined by paper acidometric te...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-10-323
更新日期:2010-11-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dengue is a viral disease whose clinical spectrum ranges from unapparent to severe forms and fatal outcomes. Although dengue death is 99% avoidable, every year around 20,000 deaths are estimated to occur in more than 100 countries. We consider that, along with biological factors, social determinants of healt...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1058-x
更新日期:2015-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Helicobacter cinaedi is a rare pathogen in humans, occurring mostly in immuno-compromised patients, with a high potential for recurrence. We describe a case of a patient with lymphoma hospitalized for chemotherapy. CASE PRESENTATION:At admission, the patient presented with an indolent and non-prurigenic mac...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-6-86
更新日期:2006-05-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite the considerable efforts made to address the issue of brucellosis worldwide, its prevalence in dairy products continues to be difficult to estimate and represents a key public health issue around the world today. The aim of the present study was to better understand the epidemiology of this disease i...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-4946-7
更新日期:2020-03-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plasma proteins are known to interfere the drug metabolism during therapy. As limited information is available regarding the role of plasma proteins in HIV drug resistance during ART in HIV/AIDS patients, the present study aimed to identify and characterize the differentially expressed plasma proteins in the...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05610-6
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recently we developed and validated generic quality indicators that define 'appropriate antibiotic use' in hospitalized adults treated for a (suspected) bacterial infection. Previous studies have shown that with appropriate antibiotic use a reduction of 13% of length of hospital stay can be achieved. Our mai...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0867-2
更新日期:2015-03-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Egypt ranks fifth for the burden of viral hepatitis worldwide. As part of Egypt's renewed national strategy for the elimination of viral hepatitis, surveillance for acute viral hepatitis (AVH) was re-established during 2014-2017 to describe the current epidemiology and associated risk factors, and changes fr...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3806-9
更新日期:2019-02-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A cost effective and efficient diagnostic tool for COVID-19 as near to the point of care (PoC) as possible would be a game changer in the current pandemic. We tested reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), a method which can produce results in under 30 min, alongside standard ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05484-8
更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A previous study explored factors discriminating colonization and true infection among non-transplant, non-neutropenic patients with repeated Aspergillus spp. isolation from lower respiratory samples. The present study explored the evolution of patients with Aspergillus colonization in that study to determin...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2143-5
更新日期:2017-01-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Asplenic individuals are susceptible for overwhelming infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae, carrying a high mortality. Although Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 is considered the major receptor for Gram-positive bacteria in innate immunity, it does not play a major role in host defense against pneumococcal pneu...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-139
更新日期:2012-06-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neonatal bloodstream infection (BSI) is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Although most neonatal BSIs are primary bacteremia, some are associated with a focus of infection. This distinction is not well characterized. METHODS:All patients with neo...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2574-7
更新日期:2017-07-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Procalcitonin (PCT)-protocols to guide antibiotic treatment in severe infections are known to be effective. But less is known about the long-term effects of such protocols on antibiotic consumption under real life conditions. This retrospective study analyses the effects on antibiotic use in patients with se...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-158
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to characterize the spread of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) in a tertiary level hospital using ongoing active surveillance with rectal swab cultures. Furthermore, this study analyzed the presence of CPKP in the clinical samples (CS) of a single patient as well...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0996-7
更新日期:2015-06-27 00:00:00