Extracellular Vesicles Promote Arteriogenesis in Chronically Ischemic Myocardium in the Setting of Metabolic Syndrome.

Abstract:

:Background Ischemic heart disease continues to be a leading cause of mortality in patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) provide a potential for treatment that may induce collateral vessel growth to increase myocardial perfusion. Methods and Results Nineteen male Yorkshire pigs were given a high-fat diet for 4 weeks, then underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor on the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Two weeks later, the pigs received either intramyocardial vehicle (n=6), EVs (high-fat diet with myocardial EV injection [HVM]; n=8), or HVM and calpain inhibition (n=5). Five weeks later, myocardial function, perfusion, coronary vascular density, and cell signaling were examined. Perfusion in the collateral-dependent myocardium was increased during rapid ventricular pacing in the HVM group in both nonischemic (P=0.04) and ischemic areas of the ventricle (P=0.05). Cardiac output and stroke volume were significantly improved in the HVM group compared with the control group during ventricular pacing (P=0.006). Increased arteriolar density was seen in the HVM group in both nonischemic and ischemic myocardium (P=0.003 for both). However, no significant changes in the capillary density were observed between the control, HVM, and HVM and calpain inhibition groups (P=0.07). The group that received EVs with oral calpain inhibition had neither increased vessel density (P>0.99) nor improvement in blood flow or cardiac function (P=0.48) when compared with the control group. Conclusions These findings suggest that EVs promote angiogenesis in areas of chronic myocardial ischemia and improve cardiac function under conditions of diet-induced metabolic syndrome.

journal_name

J Am Heart Assoc

authors

Scrimgeour LA,Potz BA,Aboul Gheit A,Shi G,Stanley M,Zhang Z,Sodha NR,Ahsan N,Abid MR,Sellke FW

doi

10.1161/JAHA.119.012617

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-08-06 00:00:00

pages

e012617

issue

15

issn

2047-9980

journal_volume

8

pub_type

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