Severe Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with chronic active hepatitis C and mixed cryoglobulinemia: a case report.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:We describe a case of severe Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) associated with chronic active hepatitis C and mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC). To our knowledge, this association between GBS and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has been rarely reported. CASE PRESENTATION:A 56-year-old man developed symmetrical muscle weakness in all extremities, areflexia and sensorial disorder followed by acute respiratory failure associated with chronic active hepatitis C, which was confirmed by the presence of anti-HCV antibodies in the serum and persistence of HCV RNA viral load for more than 6 months. Chronic hepatitis C was further complicated by type 3 MC. Electromyography showed peripheral nerve injury (mainly in axon). A severe acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) was diagnosed. After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange followed by antiviral therapy by direct-acting antiviral agent, patient showed progressive recovery and was transferred 3 months after his first admission to a rehabilitation center. CONCLUSIONS:Our case reported a severe GBS associated with HCV infection and MC. EMG classified for the first time the subtype of GBS (severe AMSAN) correlated with severe clinical form. HCV infection should be screened in high-risk patients to prevent silent progression of the chronic hepatitis C and its potentially severe extra-hepatic manifestations.

journal_name

BMC Infect Dis

journal_title

BMC infectious diseases

authors

Chlilek A,Roger C,Muller L,Carles MJ,Stephan R,Laureillard D,Lavigne JP,Lefrant JY,Sotto A

doi

10.1186/s12879-019-4278-7

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-07-17 00:00:00

pages

636

issue

1

issn

1471-2334

pii

10.1186/s12879-019-4278-7

journal_volume

19

pub_type

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