Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Fleas (Siphonaptera) are the most clinically important ectoparasites of dogs and cats worldwide. Rising levels of pet ownership, climate change and globalisation are increasing the importance of a detailed understanding of the endemicity and prevalence of flea-borne pathogens. This requires continued surveillance to detect change. This study reports a large-scale survey of pathogens in fleas collected from client-owned cats and dogs in the UK. METHODS:Recruited veterinary practices were asked to follow a standardised flea inspection protocol on a randomised selection of cats and dogs brought into the practice in April and June 2018. A total of 326 practices participated and 812 cats and 662 dogs were examined. Fleas were collected, identified to species and pooled flea samples from each host were analysed for the presence of pathogens using PCR and sequence analysis. RESULTS:Overall, 28.1% of cats and 14.4% of dogs were flea infested. More than 90% of the fleas on both cats and dogs were cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis. Fleas of the same species from each infested host were pooled. DNA was amplified from 470 of the pooled flea samples using conventional PCR, 66 of which (14% ± 95% CI 3.14%) were positive for at least one pathogen. Fifty-three (11.3% ± 95% CI 2.85%) of the pooled flea DNA samples were positive for Bartonella spp., 35 were from cats and 4 from dogs, the remainder had no host record. Seventeen of the Bartonella spp. samples were found to be Bartonella henselae, 27 were Bartonella clarridgeiae (of two different strains), 4 samples were Bartonella alsatica and one was Bartonella grahamii; 4 samples could not be identified. Fourteen (3% ± 95% CI 1.53%) of the flea DNA samples were found to be positive for Dipylidium caninum, 10 of the D. caninum-infected samples were collected from cats and one from a dog, the other 3 positive flea samples had no host species record. Only 3 flea samples were positive for Mycoplasma haemofelis or Mycoplasma haemocanis; 2 were collected from cats and one had no host species record. Three fleas were positive for both D. caninum and Bartonella spp. One flea was positive for both Bartonella spp. and M. haemofelis or M. haemocanis. CONCLUSIONS:This study highlights the need for ongoing flea control, particularly given the relatively high prevalence of Bartonella spp., which is of concern for both animal welfare and human health. The study demonstrates the ongoing need to educate pet owners about the effects of both flea infestation and also the pathogen risks these fleas present.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Abdullah S,Helps C,Tasker S,Newbury H,Wall Rdoi
10.1186/s13071-019-3326-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-06 00:00:00pages
71issue
1issn
1756-3305pii
10.1186/s13071-019-3326-xjournal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are caused by a wide range of pathogens transmitted to dogs by arthropods including ticks and insects. Many CVBD-agents are of zoonotic concern, with dogs potentially serving as reservoirs and sentinels for human infections. The present study aimed at assessing the seropr...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-62
更新日期:2012-03-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acanthamoebiasis is most often found in patients with immune deficiency, with infections facilitated by the intake of immunosuppressive drugs. The host immune response to Acanthamoeba spp. infection is poorly understood. Thus, in this study, we aimed to examine the course of Acanthamoeba spp. infection takin...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3108-x
更新日期:2018-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rickettsiae are emerging pathogens causing public health problems in many countries around the world. Rickettsia spp. are found in association with a wide range of arthropods which feed on different species of animals. However, the distribution and natural cycle of Rickettsia species and their association wi...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2947-9
更新日期:2018-06-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infective larvae of the worldwide occurring zoonotic roundworm T. canis exhibit a marked affinity to the nervous tissues of paratenic hosts. In humans, most cases of neurotoxocarosis are considered to be caused by larvae of T. canis as T. cati larvae have rarely been found in the CNS in previous studies. How...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-194
更新日期:2014-04-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Domestic cats play a key role in the epidemiology of the parasite Toxoplasma gondii by excreting environmentally-resistant oocysts that may infect humans and other warm-blooded animals. The dynamics of Toxoplasma gondii seroconversion, used as a proxy for primo-infection dynamics, was investigated in five ca...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2834-4
更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cues that guide gravid Anopheles gambiae sensu lato to oviposition sites can be manipulated to create new strategies for monitoring and controlling malaria vectors. However, progress towards identifying such cues is slow in part due to the lack of appropriate tools for investigating long-range attraction to ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0916-0
更新日期:2015-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Japan is one of the few countries believed to have eliminated soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). In 1949, the national prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides was 62.9%, which decreased to 0.6% in 1973 due to improvements in infrastructure, socioeconomic status, and the implementation of national STH control meas...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3875-z
更新日期:2020-01-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The analysis of large mosquito samples is expensive and time-consuming, delaying the efficient timing of vector control measurements. Processing a fraction of a sample using a subsampling method can significantly reduce the processing effort. However, a comprehensive evaluation of the reliability of differen...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3606-5
更新日期:2019-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Echinococcus transmission is known to be affected by various environmental factors, which may be modified by human influence or natural events including global warming. Considerable population growth in the last fifty years in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR), the People's Republic of China (PRC), has led to drama...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-146
更新日期:2012-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plasmodium vivax uses multiple ligand-receptor interactions for preferential invasion of human reticulocytes. Several of these ligands have been identified by in silico approaches based on the role displayed by their orthologs in other Plasmodium species during initial adhesion or invasion. However, the cell...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2185-6
更新日期:2017-05-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Porcine cysticercosis is an emerging agricultural problem in sub-Saharan Africa. This has been documented primarily through cross-sectional studies, however detailed knowledge of the transmission dynamics of this disease in sub-Saharan Africa is lacking. This study aims to describe seasonal variations in ser...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0574-7
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spatial modelling studies of schistosomiasis (SCH) are now commonplace. Covariate values are commonly extracted at survey locations, where infection does not always take place, resulting in an unknown positional exposure mismatch. The present research aims to: (i) describe the nature of the positional exposu...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3039-6
更新日期:2018-08-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Animal African trypanosomiasis (AAT) greatly affects livestock production in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana prevalence of AAT is estimated to range between 5 and 50%. Studies have reported serum biochemical aberrations and variability in cytokine profiles in animals during infection. However, information regar...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2255-9
更新日期:2017-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Landscape structure can affect pathogen prevalence and persistence with consequences for human and animal health. Few studies have examined how reservoir host species traits may interact with landscape structure to alter pathogen communities and dynamics. Using a landscape of islands and mainland sites we in...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3200-2
更新日期:2018-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mosquito Aedes aegypti, vector of dengue fever, is a target for control by entomopathogenic fungi. Recent studies by our group have shown the susceptibility of adult A. aegypti to fungal infection by Metarhizium anisopliae. This fungus is currently being tested under field conditions. However, it is unkn...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-91
更新日期:2011-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The African malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae s.s., is known to feed selectively on certain plants for sugar sources. However, the adaptive significance of this behaviour especially on how the extracts of such plants impact on the fitness of this vector has not been explored. This study determined the toxici...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-312
更新日期:2014-07-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis primarily affects poor and neglected communities due to their lack of safe water and sanitation facilities. In an effort to improve intervention strategies, the present study investigated the association of socio-demographic characteristics of women with their existing knowledge, perceptions ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3668-4
更新日期:2019-09-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An accurate diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminthiasis is important for individual patient management, for drug efficacy evaluation and for monitoring control programmes. The Kato-Katz technique is the most widely used method detecting soil-transmitted helminth eggs in faecal samples. However, detailed anal...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0702-z
更新日期:2015-02-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae) includes the most widespread mosquito species in the world. Members of this complex are the primary enzootic and epidemic vectors of the West Nile virus (genus Flavivirus) in several countries. The two recognized forms of Cx. pipiens (Linnaeus, 1758) - pipiens a...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2265-7
更新日期:2017-07-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Canine filarioids are important nematodes transmitted to dogs by arthropods. Diagnosis of canine filariosis is accomplished by the microscopic identification of microfilariae, serology or PCR for filarial-DNA. The aim of this study was to evaluate a molecular assay for the detection of canine filariae in dog...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0783-8
更新日期:2015-03-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plasmodium falciparum delayed clearance with the use of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACTs) has been reported in some African countries. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in two genes, P. falciparum adaptor protein complex 2 mu subunit (pfap2mu) and ubiquitin specific protease 1 (pfubp1), have ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2762-3
更新日期:2018-03-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Giardia duodenalis is a flagellated parasite that causes diarrhea in humans and other animals. Although G. duodenalis is found in companion animals worldwide, information regarding the prevalence and genetic characteristics of G. duodenalis in pet chipmunks in China is limited. The present study therefore ai...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2790-z
更新日期:2018-03-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A question of epidemiological relevance in Chagas disease studies is to understand Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles and trace the origins of (re)emerging cases in areas under vector or disease surveillance. Conventional parasitological methods lack sensitivity whereas molecular approaches can fill in th...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3817-9
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Smad proteins function in TGF-β signalling transduction. In the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the co-Smad, DAF-3 mediates R-Smads and performs a central role in DAF-7 signal transduction, regulating dauer formation and reproductive processes. Considering the divergent evolutionary patterns of th...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3855-3
更新日期:2019-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::Acaricidal (tick) and insecticidal (flea) efficacy of systemically and cutaneously distributed ectoparasiticide products for dogs are compared based on permethrin and fluralaner as representative molecules. Results of efficacy studies against fleas and ticks are reviewed that show generally good to excellent results. ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1719-7
更新日期:2016-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article. ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04349-y
更新日期:2020-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chagas disease is a major public health concern in Latin America and it is transmitted by insects of the subfamily Triatominae, including Rhodnius spp. Since palm trees are ubiquitous in Colombia and a habitat for Rhodnius spp., the presence of palms near villages could increase contact rates between vectors...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1884-8
更新日期:2016-11-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Natural compounds from plants are known to provide a source of anthelmintic molecules. In previous studies, we have shown that plant extracts from the plant Picria fel-terrae Lour. and particular fractions thereof have activity against the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, causing quite pronounced...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3429-4
更新日期:2019-04-25 00:00:00
abstract::The control of insects of medical importance, such as Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are still the only effective way to prevent the transmission of diseases, such as dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Their control is performed mainly using chemical products; however, they often have low specificity to non-target orga...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-04236-6
更新日期:2020-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recently the role of gastrointestinal nematodes in modulating the immune responses in inflammatory and immune-mediated conditions such as allergy and autoimmune diseases has been introduced. This is mainly due to the suppressive effects of somatic and excretory secretory (ES) products of nematodes on the imm...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2159-8
更新日期:2017-05-12 00:00:00