Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In 2012, the World Health Organization set goals for the elimination of onchocerciasis transmission by 2020 in selected African countries. Epidemiological data and mathematical modelling have indicated that elimination may not be achieved with annual ivermectin distribution in all endemic foci. Complementary and alternative treatment strategies (ATS), including vector control, will be necessary. Implementation of vector control will require that the ecology and population dynamics of Simulium damnosum (sensu lato) be carefully considered. METHODS:We adapted our previous SIMuliid POPulation dynamics (SIMPOP) model to explore the impact of larvicidal insecticides on S. damnosum (s.l.) biting rates in different ecological contexts and to identify how frequently and for how long vector control should be continued to sustain substantive reductions in vector biting. SIMPOP was fitted to data from large-scale aerial larviciding trials in savannah sites (Ghana) and small-scale ground larviciding trials in forest areas (Cameroon). The model was validated against independent data from Burkina Faso/Côte d'Ivoire (savannah) and Bioko (forest). Scenario analysis explored the effects of ecological and programmatic factors such as pre-control daily biting rate (DBR) and larviciding scheme design on reductions and resurgences in biting rates. RESULTS:The estimated efficacy of large-scale aerial larviciding in the savannah was greater than that of ground-based larviciding in the forest. Small changes in larvicidal efficacy can have large impacts on intervention success. At 93% larvicidal efficacy (a realistic value based on field trials), 10 consecutive weekly larvicidal treatments would reduce DBRs by 96% (e.g. from 400 to 16 bites/person/day). At 70% efficacy, and for 10 weekly applications, the DBR would decrease by 67% (e.g. from 400 to 132 bites/person/day). Larviciding is more likely to succeed in areas with lower water temperatures and where blackfly species have longer gonotrophic cycles. CONCLUSIONS:Focal vector control can reduce vector biting rates in settings where a high larvicidal efficacy can be achieved and an appropriate duration and frequency of larviciding can be ensured. Future work linking SIMPOP with onchocerciasis transmission models will permit evaluation of the impact of combined anti-vectorial and anti-parasitic interventions on accelerating elimination of the disease.
journal_name
Parasit Vectorsjournal_title
Parasites & vectorsauthors
Routledge I,Walker M,Cheke RA,Bhatt S,Nkot PB,Matthews GA,Baleguel D,Dobson HM,Wiles TL,Basañez MGdoi
10.1186/s13071-018-2864-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-29 00:00:00pages
316issue
1issn
1756-3305pii
10.1186/s13071-018-2864-yjournal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Human schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by parasitic worms of the genus Schistosoma that still affects some 200 million people. The mainstay of schistosomiasis control is a single drug, praziquantel. The reliance on this drug carries a risk of resistance emerging to this anthelmintic, su...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-3197-6
更新日期:2018-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Malaria is the most important vector-borne disease in the world. Epidemiological and ecological studies of malaria traditionally utilize detection of Plasmodium sporozoites in whole mosquitoes or salivary glands by microscopy or serological or molecular assays. However, these methods are labor-intensive, and...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3610-9
更新日期:2019-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The knowledge of mosquito species diversity and the level of anthropophily exhibited by each species in a region are of great importance to the integrated vector control. Culicine species are the primary vectors of Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus and filariasis in China. Anopheles sinensis plays a major rol...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-221
更新日期:2011-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schistosomiasis studies in western Kenya have mainly focused on the intestinal form, with evidence of urinary schistosomiasis remaining anecdotal. Detailed disease mapping has been carried out predominantly along the shores of Lake Victoria, but there is a paucity of information on intestinal and urinary sch...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-125
更新日期:2014-03-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Estimating the abundance of Culicoides using light traps is influenced by a large variation in abundance in time and place. This study investigates the optimal trapping strategy to estimate the abundance or presence/absence of Culicoides on a field with grazing animals. We used 45 light traps to sample speci...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-151
更新日期:2013-05-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The trypanosome diversity of the Brush-tailed Bettong (Bettongia penicillata), known locally as the woylie, has been further investigated. At a species level, woylies are critically endangered and have declined by 90% since 1999. The predation of individuals made more vulnerable by disease is thought to be t...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-6-121
更新日期:2013-04-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reunion Island regularly faces outbreaks of epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) and bluetongue (BT), two viral diseases transmitted by haematophagous midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) to ruminants. To date, five species of Culicoides are recorded in Reunion Island in which the first ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3812-1
更新日期:2019-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Haemoproteus parasites (Haemosporida, Haemoproteidae) are cosmopolitan in birds and recent molecular studies indicate enormous genetic diversity of these pathogens, which cause diseases in non-adapted avian hosts. However, life-cycles remain unknown for the majority of Haemoproteus species. Information on th...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3773-4
更新日期:2019-11-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Taenia multiceps is a harmful tapeworm and its larval form (coenurus cerebralis) is the causative agent of coenurosis, a disease affecting the health of herbivores, resulting in great economic loss to animal husbandry. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), expressed in all prokaryotes and eukaryotes, act as molecular ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3352-8
更新日期:2019-03-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Eimeria species are parasitic protozoa that cause coccidiosis, an intestinal disease commonly characterised by malabsorption, diarrhoea and haemorrhage that is particularly important in chickens. Vaccination against chicken coccidiosis is effective using wild-type or attenuated live parasite lines. The devel...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1756-2
更新日期:2016-08-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, which infects dermal macrophages and dendritic cells, causing an intense immune-mediated-tissue inflammation and a skin ulcer with elevated borders that can heal spontaneously or after antimonial therapy. The resolution of lesions d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2152-2
更新日期:2017-05-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ixodes ricinus, a competent vector of several pathogens, is the tick species most frequently reported to bite humans in Europe. The majority of human cases of Lyme borreliosis (LB) and tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) occur in the north-eastern region of Italy. The aims of this study were to detect the occurren...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-61
更新日期:2012-03-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Post-mass drug administration (MDA) surveillance during the lymphatic filariasis (LF) elimination program in Sri Lanka, revealed the re-emergence of brugian filariasis after four decades. This study was done with the objectives of investigating the epidemiology and age-specific vulnerability to infection. Su...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-018-2649-3
更新日期:2018-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ticks are increasingly reported on cats worldwide, with Ixodes ricinus being a relevant species across Europe and in near by areas of North Africa and the Middle East. Yet there are few acaracidal products with proven efficacy approved for use in cats. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy ...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-017-2259-5
更新日期:2017-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), Leishmania major and L. tropica are the main causative agents of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The national CL treatment regimen consists of topical 1% clotrimazole/2% fusidic acid cream followed by 1-2 courses of intralesional sodium stibogluconate (SSG); howe...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3453-4
更新日期:2019-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Small mammals are crucial for the life history of ixodid ticks, but their role and importance in the transmission cycle of tick-borne pathogens is mostly unknown. Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis (CNM) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are both tick-borne pathogens, and rodents are discussed to serve as main r...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0563-x
更新日期:2014-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Thymidylate synthase is a housekeeping gene, designated ancient due to its role in DNA synthesis and ubiquitous phyletic distribution. The genomic sequences were characterized coding for thymidylate synthase in two species of the genus Trichinella, an encapsulating T. spiralis and a non-encapsulating T. pseu...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-175
更新日期:2014-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Control and eventual elimination of human parasitic diseases in the People's Republic of China (P.R. China) requires novel approaches, particularly in the areas of diagnostics, mathematical modelling, monitoring, evaluation, surveillance and public health response. A comprehensive effort, involving the collaboration o...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-221
更新日期:2012-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Echinococcus transmission is known to be affected by various environmental factors, which may be modified by human influence or natural events including global warming. Considerable population growth in the last fifty years in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (NHAR), the People's Republic of China (PRC), has led to drama...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-146
更新日期:2012-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Malaria transmission in Cameroon is mediated by a plethora of vectors that are heterogeneously distributed across the country depending on the biotope. To effectively guide malaria control operations, regular update on the role of local Anopheles species is essential. Therefore, an entomological survey was c...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-7-262
更新日期:2014-06-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Canine dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria immitis is known to be endemic in continental Portugal. However, information about the transmitting mosquito species is still scarce, with only Culex theileri identified to date, albeit with L1-2, through dissection. This study was carried out to investigate the poten...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0760-2
更新日期:2015-03-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cyclospora is a protistan parasite that causes enteritis in several species of animals including humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Cyclospora in captive non-human primates. METHODS:A total of 119 faecal samples from Pan troglodytes, Macaca sylvanus, Cercopithecus cephus, Eryth...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-0872-8
更新日期:2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The poultry red mite (PRM), Dermanyssus gallinae, is one of the most economically deleterious ectoparasites affecting egg-laying hens worldwide. It may be possible to control D. gallinae populations by manipulating lighting regimes within poultry units. However, no studies have clearly shown the effects of d...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3456-1
更新日期:2019-05-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since 2008, the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) has been engaged in the implementation of indoor residual spraying (IRS) in Benin. The first and second round was a success with a drastic decrease of malaria transmission in areas under IRS. We present here the results of the third round. The purpose o...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-5-163
更新日期:2012-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Co-infections of multiple parasite species in hosts may lead to interspecific associations and subsequently shape the structure of a parasite community. However, few studies have focused on these associations in highly abundant parasite species or, in particular, investigated how the associations develop wit...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1756-3305-4-85
更新日期:2011-05-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The argasid tick Ornithodoros erraticus is the vector of African swine fever virus and of several Borrelia species that cause human relapsing fever in the Iberian Peninsula. The tick midgut is part of the ectoparasite-host interface and expresses proteins that are vital for the survival of the tick. Midgut p...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1148-z
更新日期:2015-10-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Anopheles barbirostris sensu lato belongs to the Barbirostris subgroup of the subgenus Anopheles that is distributed in Southeast Asia. Different molecular forms have been identified based on the rDNA-ITS2 and mtDNA-COI sequences. Anopheles barbirostris occurs in China. The species status was uncertain due t...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-014-0592-5
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bovine besnoitiosis, caused by the apicomplexan parasite Besnoitia besnoiti, is a chronic and debilitating cattle disease that notably impairs fertility. Acutely infected bulls may develop respiratory signs and orchitis, and sterility has been reported in chronic infections. However, the pathogenesis of acut...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-020-3959-9
更新日期:2020-03-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the last decades, the enormous influx of immigrants to industrialized countries has led to outbreaks of parasitic diseases, with enteric infections being amongst the most frequently encountered. In its strategy to control such infection, Qatar has established the Pre-Employment Certificate (PEC) program w...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1906-6
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent studies have reported that soft tunic syndrome (STS) in the edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi is caused by the kinetoplastid parasite Azumiobodo hoyamushi. In this study, we attempted to detect and quantify the pathogen in benthic animals. METHODS:Four species of ascidians, three species of echinod...
journal_title:Parasites & vectors
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13071-015-1179-5
更新日期:2015-11-04 00:00:00