Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The present study estimated the sound pressure levels of various music genres at the volume steps that contemporary smartphones deliver, because these levels put the listener at potential risk for hearing loss. METHODS:Using six different smartphones (Galaxy S6, Galaxy Note 3, iPhone 5S, iPhone 6, LG G2, and LG G3), the sound pressure levels for three genres of K-pop music (dance-pop, hip-hop, and pop-ballad) and a Billboard pop chart of assorted genres were measured through an earbud for the first risk volume that was at the risk sign proposed by the smartphones, as well as consecutive higher volumes using a sound level meter and artificial mastoid. RESULTS:The first risk volume step of the Galaxy S6 and the LG G2, among the six smartphones, had the significantly lowest (84.1 dBA) and highest output levels (92.4 dBA), respectively. As the volume step increased, so did the sound pressure levels. The iPhone 6 was loudest (113.1 dBA) at the maximum volume step. Of the music genres, dance-pop showed the highest output level (91.1 dBA) for all smartphones. Within the frequency range of 20~ 20,000 Hz, the sound pressure level peaked at 2000 Hz for all the smartphones. CONCLUSIONS:The results showed that the sound pressure levels of either the first volume step or the maximum volume step were not the same for the different smartphone models and genres of music, which means that the risk volume sign and its output levels should be unified across the devices for their users. In addition, the risk volume steps proposed by the latest smartphone models are high enough to cause noise-induced hearing loss if their users habitually listen to music at those levels.
journal_name
BMC Public Healthjournal_title
BMC public healthauthors
Kim G,Han Wdoi
10.1186/s12889-018-5399-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-05-01 00:00:00pages
481issue
1issn
1471-2458pii
10.1186/s12889-018-5399-4journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite smoking cessation efforts, cigarette smoking remains a serious general and oral health problem. We aimed to investigate the putative benefits of smoking cessation on dentition and to analyse whether the time elapsed since smoking cessation associated positively with the remaining number of teeth. ME...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3556-1
更新日期:2016-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Outbreak detection algorithms play an important role in effective automated surveillance. Although many algorithms have been designed to improve the performance of outbreak detection, few published studies have examined how epidemic features of infectious disease impact on the detection performance of algori...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-418
更新日期:2012-06-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Across Sub-Saharan Africa, young women who sell sex (YSW) face institutional barriers in accessing sexual health and HIV prevention programs designed for female sex workers. In 2018, Kenya developed a national framework to guide service provision for YSW aged 14-24 years. To help inform the implementation of...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08872-6
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Regular participation in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is important to manage obesity. Physical education (PE) is considered to play an important role in promoting lifelong participation in physical activity (PA) because it provides an existing network where cost-effective interventions can b...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5320-1
更新日期:2018-04-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem that accounts for almost half a million human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated deaths. Provision of isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) is one of the public health interventions for the prevention of TB in HIV infected individuals. However, in Ethiopia...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1719-0
更新日期:2015-04-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Telephone hotlines designed to address common concerns in the early postpartum could be a useful resource for parents. Our aim was to test the feasibility of using a telephone as an intervention in a randomized controlled trial. We also aimed to test to use of algorithms to address parental concerns through ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-611
更新日期:2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent surveillance data from Bangladesh indicate rising HIV infection among intravenous drug users (IDU) in the country. We suggest a likely association between HIV risk factors in this group and other groups, such as males who have sex with males (MSM). METHODS:Data on MSM in Bangladesh was collected and ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-153
更新日期:2007-07-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In South Asia, up to 20% of people ingesting pesticides for self-poisoning purchase the pesticide from a shop with the sole intention of self-harm. Individuals who are intoxicated with alcohol and/or non-farmers represent 72% of such high-risk individuals. We aimed to test the feasibility and acceptability o...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5178-2
更新日期:2018-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Universal child health services (UCHS) provide an important pragmatic platform for the delivery of universal and targeted interventions to support families and optimize child health outcomes. We aimed to identify brief, evidence-based interventions for common health and developmental problems that could be p...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09104-7
更新日期:2020-06-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Saturated fatty acids (SFA) have been reported to promote inflammation. Nevertheless, evidence linking dietary SFA and low-grade inflammation in adolescents is scarce and inconsistent. The modulatory role of physical activity (PA) on fat metabolism and inflammation may provide a potential explanation. Thus, ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7113-6
更新日期:2019-06-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Understanding the knowledge and beliefs of key stakeholders is crucial in developing effective public health interventions. Knowledge and beliefs about obesity and eating disorders (EDs) have rarely been considered, despite increasing awareness of the need for integrated health promotion programs. We investi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7971-y
更新日期:2019-12-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Refuse collectors are at a high risk for fatal and non-fatal occupational accidents. This is more intensified in developing countries, like Ethiopia, due to physically demanding nature of the job. However, information on occupational injuries and related factors are almost non-existent in Ethiopia. Thus, the...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3483-1
更新日期:2016-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity is a major cause of preventable death in Australia with prevalence increasing at an alarming rate. Of particular concern is that approximately 68% of men are overweight/obese, yet are notoriously difficult to engage in weight loss programs, despite being more susceptible than women to adverse weight-...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-701
更新日期:2010-11-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite their potential health and social benefits, adoption and use of improved cookstoves has been low throughout much of the world. Explanations for low adoption rates of these technologies include prices that are not affordable for the target populations, limited opportunities for households to learn abo...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6116-z
更新日期:2018-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with a diverse range of pathologies. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of diabetes-related complications, the prevalence of coexistent chronic conditions and to report multimorbidity in people with type 2 diabetes living in the Basque Country. METHODS...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1059
更新日期:2014-10-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Physical activity is associated with better health, but knowledge about health promoting interventions, including physical activity for families in disadvantaged areas and the impact on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is sparse. The aim of this study was to assess HRQOL in children and their parents a...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08895-z
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The objective of this study is to investigate the magnitude and nature of health inequalities between indigenous (Scheduled Tribes) and non-indigenous populations, as well as between different indigenous groups, in a rural district of Kerala State, India. METHODS:A health survey was carried out in a rural c...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-390
更新日期:2012-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:CORRECTION:After publication of the article [1], it has been brought to our attention that an incorrect reference has been used in this article, both in the main body and additional file 2. The reference in question is #105 in the main body and #74 in additional file 2. Here it is cited as "Lindsay H, Brussoni M. Injur...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4981-5
更新日期:2017-12-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A growing body of evidence suggest an association between physical activity levels and students psychological well-being. A number of research studies have evaluated playground interventions that aim to increase physical activity levels, decrease conflict and bullying, and improve students behaviour. The HAP...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4445-y
更新日期:2017-05-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Efforts to explain children's nutrition behavior or weight often involve investigating the parent-child relationship, typically studying the associations between food parenting practices (FPPs) and child outcomes. However, these behaviors are embedded in a broader system: general parenting (GP, the general e...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3683-8
更新日期:2016-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in developed countries appears to be plateauing. The purpose of this study was to provide the most recent data on the prevalence and trends in overweight and obesity among Chinese children and adolescents from 2011 to 2015. METHODS:We used data collected in...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5483-9
更新日期:2018-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-rated health is a measure expressing the general condition of health of individuals. Self-rated health studies are common in developed countries and in some developing regions. Despite increasing proportion of adult and older population in sub-Saharan Africa and poor population health indicators, there ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3552-5
更新日期:2016-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In rich countries, smokers, active or passive, often belong to disadvantaged groups. Less is known of tobacco patterns in the developing world. Hence, we seek out to investigate mental and physical health consequences of smoke exposure as well as tobacco-related inequality in transitional middle-income Thail...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2547-y
更新日期:2015-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The teaching profession is characterized by high levels of stress and physical complaints, which might be improved through regular participation in physical activity (PA). However, the effect of PA on mental and physical health is not always consistent and depends on the type of PA performed. The aim of this...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-534
更新日期:2014-05-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health risk behaviours often co-occur in adolescence. This may be partially explained by a set of common risk and protective factors. The current study examines the association between risk behaviours throughout adolescence and identifies common risk factors for multiple risk behaviour in late adolescence. ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3120-z
更新日期:2016-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Over the past decade, about one-third of all births nationwide in Taiwan were delivered by cesarean section (CS). Previous studies in the US and Europe have documented the need for risk adjustment for fairer comparisons among providers. In this study, we set out to determine the impact that adjustment for pa...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-246
更新日期:2006-10-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extraordinary infection control measures limited access to medical care in the Greater Toronto Area during the 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak. The objective of this study was to determine if the period of these infection control measures was associated with changes in overall populati...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-7-93
更新日期:2007-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We investigated the associations between education and leisure-time, occupational, sedentary and total physical-activity levels based on data from the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998 (GNHIES98). The roles of income level, occupational status and other mediating variables for thes...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1079
更新日期:2012-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory is one of the core capacities that countries must develop for the implementation of the International Health Regulations (IHR[2005]) since laboratory services play a major role in all the key processes of detection, assessment, response, notification, and monitoring of events. While developed countries easi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-S1-S8
更新日期:2010-12-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the incidence of the use of life-ending drugs without explicit patient request has been estimated in several studies, in-depth empirical research on this controversial practice is nonexistent. Based on face-to-face interviews with the clinicians involved in cases where patients died following such a...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-186
更新日期:2010-04-09 00:00:00