Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Although there is a large increase in investment for tuberculosis control in Myanmar, there are few operational analyses to inform policies. Only 34% of nationally reported cases are from women. In this study, we investigate sex differences in tuberculosis diagnoses in Myanmar in order to identify potential health systems barriers that may be driving lower tuberculosis case finding among women. METHODS:From October 2014 to March 2015, we systematically collected data on all new adult smear positive tuberculosis cases in ten township health centres across Yangon, the largest city in Myanmar, to produce an electronic tuberculosis database. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional analysis of sex differences in tuberculosis diagnoses at the township health centres. We also analysed national prevalence survey data to calculate additional case finding in men and women by using sputum culture when smear microscopy was negative, and estimated the sex-specific impact of using a more sensitive diagnostic tool at township health centres. RESULTS:Overall, only 514 (30%) out of 1371 new smear positive tuberculosis patients diagnosed at the township health centres were female. The proportion of female patients varied by township (from 21% to 37%, p = 0.0172), month of diagnosis (37% in February 2015 and 23% in March 2015 p = 0.0004) and age group (26% in 25-64 years and 49% in 18-25 years, p < 0.0001). Smear microscopy grading of sputum specimens was not substantially different between sexes. The prevalence survey analysis indicated that the use of a more sensitive diagnostic tool could result in the proportion of females diagnosed at township health centres increasing to 36% from 30%. CONCLUSIONS:Our study, which is the first to systematically compile and analyse routine operational data from tuberculosis diagnostic centres in Myanmar, found that substantially fewer women than men were diagnosed in all study townships. The sex ratio of newly diagnosed cases varied by age group, month of diagnosis and township of diagnosis. Low sensitivity of tuberculosis diagnosis may lead to a potential under-diagnosis of tuberculosis among women.
journal_name
BMC Infect Disjournal_title
BMC infectious diseasesauthors
Khan MS,Khine TM,Hutchison C,Coker RJ,Hane KM,Innes AL,Aung Sdoi
10.1186/s12879-016-1429-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-03 00:00:00pages
110issn
1471-2334pii
10.1186/s12879-016-1429-yjournal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Antimicrobial resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium is rising globally with resultant clinical treatment failure. We investigated the prevalence of mutations in the macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance-determining regions of M. genitalium in Johannesburg, South Africa, and ascertained their association wit...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3797-6
更新日期:2019-02-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Confirmed H1N1 cases during late spring and summer 2009 in various countries showed a substantial age shift between importations and local transmission cases, with adults mainly responsible for seeding unaffected regions and children most frequently driving community outbreaks. METHODS:We introduce a multi-...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-176
更新日期:2013-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This multicenter study describes the type-specific prevalence of HPV infection in the general population from central and southern Italy, comparing the data with previously published Italian studies. METHODS:Women aged from 25 to 65 who attended cervical cancer screening in five different Italian regions we...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-10-214
更新日期:2010-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lemierre's syndrome presents a classic clinical picture, the pathophysiology of which remains obscure. Attempts have been made to trace genetic predispositions that modify the host detection of pathogen or the resultant systemic reaction. CASE PRESENTATION:A 17-year old female, with no previous medical hist...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-6-115
更新日期:2006-07-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although resistance to isoniazid (INH) is the most common form of drug resistance seen among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, there have been few studies on the efficacy and optimal duration of treatment for patients with INH-resistant tuberculosis (TB). METHODS:We evaluated retrospectively the treatmen...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-8-6
更新日期:2008-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Current diagnostic methods for Schistosoma japonicum infection are insensitive for low-density infections. Therefore, a new diagnostic assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) technology was established and assessed for field applification. METHODS:The S.japonicum RPA assay was developed to...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2182-6
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the last decade, scrub typhus (ST) has been emerging or re-emerging in some areas of Asia, including Guangzhou, one of the most affected endemic areas of ST in China. METHODS:Based on the data on all cases reported in Guangzhou from 2006 to 2014, we characterized the epidemiological features, and identif...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2153-3
更新日期:2017-01-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:No-touch environmental disinfection using ultraviolet devices has been highlighted in the past several years to control the transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). However, its effectiveness in non-US healthcare settings is yet to be examined. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-4805-6
更新日期:2020-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Demographic characteristic surveillance of transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) among blood donors is crucial to formulating control strategies and preventing TTIs. This study aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics and social factors associated with TTIs among blood donors from 14 differen...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4044-x
更新日期:2019-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Melioidosis has become an emerging infection in Sri Lanka; a country which is considered non endemic for it. Paraplegia due to Burkholderia pseudomallei is a very rare entity encountered even in countries where the disease is endemic. There are no reported cases of transverse myelitis due to melioidosis in S...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-232
更新日期:2012-09-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Non-severe acute respiratory syndrome (non-SARS)-related human coronaviruses (HCoVs), including HCoV-229E, -HKU1, -NL63, and -OC43, have been detected in respiratory tract samples from children and adults. However, the natural prevalence of antibodies against these viruses in serum among population is unknow...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-433
更新日期:2013-09-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:On 18 August 2015, Kyegegwa District reported eight deaths during a measles outbreak to the Uganda Ministry of Health (MoH). We investigated this death cluster to verify the cause, identify risk factors, and inform public health interventions. METHODS:We defined a probable measles case as onset of fever and...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2558-7
更新日期:2017-07-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mucormycosis is a rare but devastating fungal infection primarily affecting immunocompromised patients such as those with hematological malignancy, bone marrow and solid organ transplantation, and patients with diabetes, and, even more rarely, immunocompetent patients. The objective of this study was to asse...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2023-z
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Interleukin 28B (IL28B) rs12979860 polymorphisms was recently reported to be associated with the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) proviral load (PvL) and the development of the HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). METHODS:In an attempt to examine this hypothesi...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-374
更新日期:2012-12-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a natural epidemic disease caused by various types of viruses of the genus Hantavirus, which are mainly transmitted by contact with the infected rodents and their droppings. Pregnancy complicated with HFRS is rare; however, adverse maternal and foetal outcomes...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05638-8
更新日期:2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Miliary tuberculosis (TB) is an uncommon cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with a high mortality. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics, predictors and outcome of patients with ARDS caused by miliary TB. METHODS:A retrospective study was conducted among ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-121
更新日期:2012-05-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The widespread antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a serious problem for the treatment and control of gonorrhoea. Many of the previously effective therapeutic agents are no longer viable. Because N. gonorrhoeae infections are not reportable in Germany, only limited data on disease epidemiolo...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-018-2944-9
更新日期:2018-01-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ebola haemorrhagic fever (EHF) is infamous for its high case-fatality proportion (CFP) and the ease with which it spreads among contacts of the diseased. We describe the course of the EHF outbreak in Masindi, Uganda, in the year 2000, and report on response activities. METHODS:We analysed surveillance recor...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-357
更新日期:2011-12-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains prevalent in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The prevalence of HAND in Hong Kong is not known. METHODS:Between 2013 and 2015, 98 treatment-naïve HIV-1-infected individuals were referred to and screened by the AIDS Clinical Service, ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3784-y
更新日期:2019-02-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fatigue is a common symptom of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and a frequent side-effect of peginterferon/ribavirin (PR) therapy for HCV. This study evaluated the impact of adding the oral HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor simeprevir to PR on patient-reported fatigue and health status among patients w...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-14-465
更新日期:2014-08-26 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care which is attended by problems like, poor treatment outcomes, early development of opportunistic infections, increased healthcare costs, and mortality is a major problem in Ethiopia. Although evidences are available on the prevalence and associated factors of late presenta...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4156-3
更新日期:2019-06-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Yersinia pestis is the pathogen of the plague and caused three pandemics worldwide. Pneumonic plague is rarer than bubonic and septicemic plague. We report detailed clinical and pathogenic data for all the three sporadic cases of pneumonic plagues in China in 2014. CASE PRESENTATION:All the three patients a...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1403-8
更新日期:2016-02-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Men who have sex with men (MSM) bear a high burden of syphilis infection. Expanding syphilis testing to improve timely diagnosis and treatment is critical to improve syphilis control. However, syphilis testing rates remain low among MSM, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We describe the proto...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05188-z
更新日期:2020-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bacterial vaginosis (BV) - a syndrome characterised by a shift in vaginal flora - appears to be particularly common in sub-Saharan Africa, but little is known of the pattern of vaginal flora associated with BV in Africa. We conducted a study aimed at determining the prevalence of BV and patterns of BV-associ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-5-12
更新日期:2005-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In spite of an alarmingly high tuberculosis (TB) burden amongst the Saharia tribe of central India, there is hardly any study to investigate the impact of DOTS implementation on the magnitude of tuberculosis disease and the changes over time. This article present the findings of TB prevalence surveys conduct...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3815-8
更新日期:2019-02-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Compared to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), characteristics of nasal carriage and community-onset infection methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) are less well known. No characteristics of MSSA in Taiwan have been reported previously. METHODS:We analyzed 100 nasal carriage and 34 comm...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-12-343
更新日期:2012-12-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Healthcare-associated infections have become a public health problem, creating a new burden on medical care in hospitals. The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a difficult task for physicians, who have limited therapeutic options. The dissemination of pathogens depends on "reservoirs", the diff...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-018-3648-x
更新日期:2019-01-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chlamydia trachomatis is a pathogen of worldwide importance, causing more than 100 million cases of sexually transmitted infections annually. Whole-genome sequencing is a powerful high resolution tool that can be used to generate accurate data on bacterial population structure, phylogeography and mutations a...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0591-3
更新日期:2014-11-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Schistosoma sp. infection has been shown to interact with HIV-1 by modifying susceptibility to the virus and impacting AIDS outcome, but very little is known about the potential impact of Schistosoma sp. infection on the efficiency of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in HIV-1 infected individuals. One study su...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3876-8
更新日期:2019-03-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The increasing antimalarial drug resistance is a significant hindrance to malaria control and elimination programs. For the last six decades, chloroquine (CQ) plus pyrimethamine remains the first-line treatment for P. vivax malaria. Regions where both P. falciparum and P. vivax co-exist, P. vivax is exposed ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05397-6
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00