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Reduced risk of pre-eclampsia with organic vegetable consumption: results from the prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:Little is known about the potential health effects of eating organic food either in the general population or during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to examine associations between organic food consumption during pregnancy and the risk of pre-eclampsia among nulliparous Norwegian women. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:Norway, years 2002-2008. PARTICIPANTS:28 192 pregnant women (nulliparous, answered food frequency questionnaire and general health questionnaire in mid-pregnancy and no missing information on height, body weight or gestational weight gain). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE:Relative risk was estimated as ORs by performing binary logistic regression with pre-eclampsia as the outcome and organic food consumption as the exposure. RESULTS:The prevalence of pre-eclampsia in the study sample was 5.3% (n=1491). Women who reported to have eaten organic vegetables 'often' or 'mostly' (n=2493, 8.8%) had lower risk of pre-eclampsia than those who reported 'never/rarely' or 'sometimes' (crude OR=0.76, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.96; adjusted OR=0.79, 95% CI 0.62 to 0.99). The lower risk associated with high organic vegetable consumption was evident also when adjusting for overall dietary quality, assessed as scores on a healthy food pattern derived by principal component analysis. No associations with pre-eclampsia were found for high intake of organic fruit, cereals, eggs or milk, or a combined index reflecting organic consumption. CONCLUSIONS:These results show that choosing organically grown vegetables during pregnancy was associated with reduced risk of pre-eclampsia. Possible explanations for an association between pre-eclampsia and use of organic vegetables could be that organic vegetables may change the exposure to pesticides, secondary plant metabolites and/or influence the composition of the gut microbiota.

journal_name

BMJ Open

journal_title

BMJ open

authors

Torjusen H,Brantsæter AL,Haugen M,Alexander J,Bakketeig LS,Lieblein G,Stigum H,Næs T,Swartz J,Holmboe-Ottesen G,Roos G,Meltzer HM

doi

10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006143

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-09-10 00:00:00

pages

e006143

issue

issn

2044-6055

pii

bmjopen-2014-006143

journal_volume

pub_type

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Reduced risk of pre-eclampsia with organic vegetable consumption: results from the prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study.