Abstract：
:The purposes of this study were to compare universal blood lead screening for young children versus targeting by a risk assessment questionnaire and to examine the cost implications of each approach. Costs reflect the total number of blood tests required and cost of specimen collection, handling, and testing per elevated case. The setting included the metropolitan areas of Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota. Children (N=9603) from 17 community organizations had blood tests. In addition, each child's parent or guardian completed a questionnaire assessing potential risk for lead poisoning. Four different screening approaches are presented. Each screening approach is presented with associated costs of overall screening and cost per child identified at blood levels of >/=10 microg/dl (N=1140) and >/=15 microg/dl (N=317). Based on the screening strategy selected and an estimate of $17 per blood test, total screening costs ranged from $91,596 to $165,945. The cost per child identified with elevated lead levels ranged from $361 to $523 at >/=15 and $105 to $146 at >/=10. Nine to 13% of children would not have been detected by policies other than universal screening. A geographically based approach was able to detect 90% of children with elevated blood levels at two-thirds the cost of universal screening. Blood tests would be taken for all children living within city limits. Those residing elsewhere would be tested only if answers to questionnaire items pertaining to age of housing, prior history of lead poisoning, or eating paint chips indicated risk. The new CDC guidelines suggest that screening be based on an assessment of housing, population demographics, and community risk and resources. This paper presents such an assessment.
journal_name
Environ Resjournal_title
Environmental researchauthors
Rolnick SJ,Nordin J,Cherney LMdoi
10.1006/enrs.1998.3879subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
84-91issue
1eissn
0013-9351issn
1096-0953pii
S0013-9351(98)93879-8journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章,多中心研究abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to environmental air pollutants exacerbates respiratory illness, but prospective studies of disease incidence are uncommon. Further, attempts to estimate effects from multiple point sources have rarely been undertaken. The current study examined risk of incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2019.108783
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are widespread contaminants in the San Francisco Bay. Several exceedances of water quality criteria raise the possibility that PAH may be impacting aquatic biota. The Regional Monitoring Program for Water Quality in the San Francisco Estuary (RMP) has collected annual monitoring ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2006.10.007
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several epidemiological studies have shown that the farm environment impacts allergy protection mechanisms in children. These associations are not well understood, but it is thought that contact to microorganisms may mediate this effect. For example, heat-inactivated Listeria (L.) monocytogenes have been successfully ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2008.02.007
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to environmental chemicals has become one of the major concerns in the past decades. Phthalates are a family of synthetic organic chemicals used in the manufacture of plastics, solvents, and personal care products. These compounds are considered as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) since they ma...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2019.108780
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this investigation was to examine the relationship between airway responsiveness and the permeability of histamine through the airways in conscious sheep after exposure to ozone (O3). Airway responsiveness was assessed by measuring the change from baseline in mean pulmonary flow resistance following a c...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0013-9351(84)90080-x
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chlorinated solvents (CS)-contaminated groundwater poses serious risks to the environment and public health. Microorganisms play a vital role in efficient remediation of CS. In this study, the microbial community (bacterial and archaeal) composition of three CS-contaminated groundwater wells located at an abandoned ch...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.109457
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fimbristylis dichotoma, Ammannia baccifera and their co-plantation consortium FA independently degraded Methyl Orange, simulated dye mixture and real textile effluent. Wild plants of F. dichotoma and A. baccifera with equal biomass showed 91% and 89% decolorization of Methyl Orange within 60h at a concentration of 50p...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2017.09.009
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cigarette smoke and hydrocortisone acetate (HCA) induce marked abnormalities in lungs of C57BL/6J male mice. In many pulmonary regions of smoke-exposed, HCA-treated animals, alveoli were highly congested with surfactant and flocculent material. In addition, prominent alveolar collapse and septal hypertrophy were commo...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0013-9351(83)90074-9
更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2016.09.019
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The long-term drinking of water with a high content of inorganic arsenic can lead to Raynaud's phenomenon, acrocyanosis, and gangrene of the lower legs ("black foot disease"). We have measured the systolic blood pressure in the finger after local cooling in 47 workers from a copper smelter who were habitually exposed ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0013-9351(86)80070-6
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.011
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is interest in determining the relationship between fine particulate matter air pollution and various health outcomes, including birth outcomes such as term low birth weight. Previous studies have come to different conclusions. In this study we consider whether the effect may vary by location and gestational per...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.034
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies increasingly provide evidence about the adverse health effects of temperature variability (TV), which reflects short-term intra- and inter-day temperature change. However, calculation of TV only considers the temporal variability and lacks spatial variability. This study intends to investigate ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2018.12.037
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Xinqing Wetland and Shengjin Lake Wetland are the main habitats of Hooded Crane in China. However, in recent years, the irrational land use situation of occupied wetlands has occurred frequently, resulting in the destruction of the breeding of the Hooded Crane population and the destruction of the wintering habitat. T...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.109649
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Percutaneous (pc) absorption, disposition, and excretion of 14C-MBOCA (4,4'-methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) ) were investigated in male beagle-type dogs by HPLC and compared to intravenously (iv) administered controls. Following application of 115 muCi MBOCA to a 25 cm2 area of the skin, no measurable radioactivity was ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0013-9351(84)90020-3
更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.109977
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2015.08.011
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Both traffic-related noise and air pollution have been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Spatial correlations between these environmental stressors may entail mutual confounding in epidemiological studies investigating their long-term effects. Few studies have investigated their correlation - non...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2010.10.013
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a consequence of climate change, increased precipitation in winter and longer periods of decreased precipitation in summer are expected to cause more frequent episodes of very high or very low river discharge in the Netherlands. To study the impact of such extreme river discharge conditions on water quality, toxici...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2015.10.019
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concerns regarding the release of microplastics (MPs) into the environment led us to explore the relationship between the different environmental factors and physicochemical properties of MPs, as well as the change of interaction between MPs and organic pollutants. In this study, the effects of environmental factors (...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2018.06.034
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated whether outpatient visits of acute upper respiratory infections for children aged less than 15 years are associated with temperature, air pollutants and circulating respiratory viruses in Taipei, Taiwan, from 2003 to 2007. METHODS:Outpatient records for acute upper respiratory infecti...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2012.09.002
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2006.04.001
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2011.01.008
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hair is a well-established and widely used matrix for measuring mercury exposure of an individual. Although a variety of washing procedures to remove external mercury contamination have been proposed, no standardized procedures are available yet. In this study, different washing reagents like l-cysteine (Cys), 2-merca...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2007.07.003
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One etiologic model for narcolepsy suggests that some environmental toxin selectively and irreversibly destroys hypocretin-producing cells in individuals with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1(*)0602. Between 2001 and 2005, the authors conducted a population-based case-control study in King County, Washington to exam...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2010.05.002
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) has certain advantages, such as high wastewater treatment efficiency, low maintenance and operating costs, and simple operation. It has emerged as a valuable option for small decentralized facilities. The filling ratio, aeration mode and aeration intensity are the main factors tha...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2020.110614
更新日期：2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic exposure and postexposure experiments have been recently performed in rats to evaluate the biological responses of inhaled refractory ceramic fibers (RCF) at different concentration levels. The lung burden data in the accessory lobe of the rat lung were collected during and after different exposure and postexp...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/enrs.1994.1035
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A landscape approach using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) technologies was developed to identify the proximity of maternal residence to agricultural areas, and the association between crop production patterns around mothers residences and low birth weight was evaluated. Satellite data obta...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/enrs.1999.4009
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. This adverse health effect is suggested to be mediated by inflammatory processes. The purpose of this study was to determine if low levels of particulate matter, typical for smaller cities, are associated ...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2012.04.004
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prenatal exposure to organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) has been associated with different neurodevelopmental outcomes across different cohorts. A phenotypic approach may address some of these differences by incorporating information across scales and accounting for the complex correlational structure of neurodevelopme...
journal_title：Environmental research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.023
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
