Abstract:
:Aerobic exercise training induces an increase in coronary blood flow capacity that is associated with altered control of coronary vascular resistance and, therefore, coronary blood flow. The relative importance of metabolic, myogenic, endothelium-mediated, and neurohumoral control systems varies throughout the coronary arterial tree, and these control systems contribute in parallel to regulating coronary vascular resistance to differing degrees at each level in the coronary arterial tree. In addition to this nonuniformity of the relative importance of vascular control systems in the coronary arterial tree, it appears that exercise training-induced adaptations are also distributed spatially, in a nonuniform manner throughout the coronary tree. As a result, it is necessary to examine training-induced adaptations throughout the coronary arterial tree. Adaptations in endothelium-mediated control play a role in training-induced changes in control of coronary vascular resistance, and there is evidence that the effects of training may be different in large coronary arteries than in the microcirculation. Also, there is evidence that the mode, frequency, and intensity of exercise training bouts and duration of training may influence the adaptive changes in endothelial function. Exercise training has also been shown to induce changes in responses of coronary vascular smooth muscle to vasoactive agents and alterations in the cellular-molecular control of intracellular Ca2+ in coronary vascular smooth muscle of conduit coronary arteries and to enhance myogenic reactivity of coronary resistance arteries. Exercise training also appears to have different effects on vascular smooth muscle in large coronary arteries than in the microcirculation. For example, adenosine sensitivity is increased in conduit coronary arteries and large resistance arteries after training but is not altered in small coronary resistance arteries of trained animals. Although much remains to be studied, evidence clearly indicates that chronic exercise alters the phenotype of coronary endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells and that plasticity of these cells plays a role in adaptation of the cardiovascular system in exercise training.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Laughlin MH,Oltman CL,Bowles DKdoi
10.1097/00005768-199803000-00004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-01 00:00:00pages
352-60issue
3eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE:Despite the growing research interest in vascular adaptations to exercise training over the last few decades, it remains unclear whether microvascular function in healthy subjects can be further improved by regular training. Herein, we sought to systematically review the literature and determine whether microva...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000567
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether the magnitude of the activation force, defined as the force that must be applied to the load cell in order to activate the resistance arm of an isokinetic dynamometer, affected knee extensor torques. Twenty-four healthy female subjects performed resisted knee extensio...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Habitual physical activity reduces coronary heart disease events, but vigorous activity can also acutely and transiently increase the risk of sudden cardiac death and acute myocardial infarction in susceptible persons. This scientific statement discusses the potential cardiovascular complications of exercise, their pa...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3180574e0e
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endurance performance is a common criterion used to evaluate training or dietary interventions. However, to accurately appraise the effects of an intervention, the endurance performance measure must be reliable. The purpose of the investigation was to establish the reliability of a 1-h endurance performance test. Twen...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199704000-00019
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous research identified decreased overall and cardiovascular mortality for National Football League (NFL) players from the 1959-1988 era. The present study explored the mortality risk among recent NFL players who played in an era of heavier linemen and nearly year-round physical conditioning. METHODS:This...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001466
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The increased physiological demand of pregnancy results in profound adaptation of the maternal cardiovascular system, reflected by greater resting cardiac output and left ventricular (LV) deformation. Whether the increased resting demand alters acute cardiac responses to exercise in healthy pregnant women is no...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002554
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate effectively interventions to increase physical activity among older persons, reliable and valid measures of physical activity are required that can also detect the expected types of physical activity changes in this population. This paper describes a self-report physical activity questionnaire for o...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200107000-00010
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We provide an updated version of the Compendium of Physical Activities, a coding scheme that classifies specific physical activity (PA) by rate of energy expenditure. It was developed to enhance the comparability of results across studies using self-reports of PA. The Compendium coding scheme links a five-digit code t...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200009001-00009
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine which combination of landing protocol and analysis technique would be the most effective at detecting differences in dynamic stability between healthy subjects and subjects with functional ankle instability (FAI). METHODS:Fifty-eight subjects participated in this investigation: 29 healthy individu...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000149887.84238.6c
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This randomized study compared the fibrinolytic circadian rhythm of healthy older men and older women (average age 66 +/- 5), before and after 6 months of endurance training versus stretching controls. Compared with men, women at baseline had similar rhythms for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) activity and plasmin...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005768-199606000-00001
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent work has identified deficits in dual-task gait balance control for up to 2 months after adolescent concussion; however, how resumption of preinjury physical activities affects recovery is unknown. PURPOSE:The objective of this study is to examine how return to activity (RTA) affects recovery from con...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000462
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study characterizes exercise-induced lipid peroxidation during graded aerobic exercise in seven healthy men and women (36.4 +/- 3 yr). Levels of ethane and pentane in expired breath during cardiopulmonary exercise stress testing were measured at rest, lactic acidosis threshold (LAT), maximal exercise (VO2max), an...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199708000-00008
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of physical exercise and vitamin C on iron absorption after oral iron administration was investigated. Eight healthy male subjects without iron deficiency were studied after administration of 100 mg ferric sodium citrate complex, 100 mg ferric sodium citrate complex with 200 mg ascorbic acid, and without ir...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199612000-00005
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The primary purpose of this study was to evaluate variability of sedentary behavior (SB) throughout a 7-d measurement period and to determine if <7 d of SB measurement would be comparable with the typical 7-d measurement period. METHODS:Retrospective data from Ball State University's Clinical Exercise Phy...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000828
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Controversy surrounds whether running mechanics make good predictors of running economy (RE) with little known about the development of an economical running gait. PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to identify if mechanical or physiological variables changed during 10 wk of running in beginners and whether ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318255a727
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is increased in older endurance-trained men, yet the reflex sympathetic forearm vasoconstrictor response to graded lower body negative pressure (LBNP) diminishes with age. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of aerobic exercise capacity on this altered neur...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31822a68a5
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to determine heart rate (HR)/oxygen consumption (VO2) calibration curves for exercising and sedentary women during pregnancy and the postpartum periods. METHODS:Fifty-two women were studied at three time points: 20 wk gestation, 32 wk gestation, and 12 wk postpartum. Subje...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200205000-00004
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The effect of exercise on body mass is likely to be partially mediated through changes in appetite control. However, no studies have examined the effect of chronic exercise on obestatin and cholecystokinin (CCK) plasma concentrations or the sensitivity to detect differences in preload energy in obese individual...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31827d1618
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Migrating birds have been able to sustain an energy expenditure (EE) that is five times their basal metabolic rate. Although humans can readily reach these levels, it is not yet clear what levels can be sustained for several days. PURPOSE:The study's purposes were 1) to determine the upper limits of human E...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31822430ed
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological and performance responses to a simulated freestyle wrestling tournament after typical weight loss techniques used by amateur wrestlers. METHODS:Twelve Division I collegiate wrestlers (mean +/- SD;19.33 +/- 1.16 yr) lost 6% of total body weight duri...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200108000-00019
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the associations between participation frequency in physical education (PE) classes and objective measures of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in children from 12 countries at different levels of development. METHODS:This multinational, cross-sectional study includ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001524
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:FRESH START is a randomized controlled trial that will test whether a personally tailored, distance-medicine-based program will increase exercise and fruit and vegetable consumption, and decrease fat intake of individuals recently diagnosed with breast or prostate cancer. METHODS:Early-stage breast and prostat...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000053704.28156.0F
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Identify the prevalence of and traits that may increase the risk of low bone mineral density (BMD) among 93 female adolescent competitive endurance runners. METHODS:Participants were 93 high school runners, ages 13-18 yr, from southern California. Eating attitudes and behaviors were assessed using the Eating D...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181822ea0
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This 1 year study examined the effect of high impact and low impact activities on bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) in healthy, sedentary, early postmenopausal women. Fifteen subjects whose postmenopausal status was verified by the blood levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradi...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The objectives of the present study were to examine gender differences and between-day variability of isometric hamstring muscle peak torque and perceived exertion. METHODS:Subjects included 20 healthy, college-aged male (N = 10) and female (N = 10) volunteers. Each subject completed five maximal voluntary iso...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000089246.90005.47
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare the classic physiological variables linked to endurance performance (VO2max, %VO2max at lactate threshold (LT), and running economy (RE)) with peak treadmill velocity (PTV) as predictors of performance in a 16-km time trial. METHODS:Seventeen healthy, well-trained distance runners (10 males and 7 fe...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181c0669d
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate energy balance and body composition in 42 gymnasts (mean age = 15.5 yr) and 20 runners (mean age = 26.6 yr), all of whom were on national teams or were nationally ranked. METHODS:Athletes were assessed for body composition using DEXA and skinfolds, and energy balance w...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200003000-00017
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Because physical activity researchers are increasingly using objective portable devices, this review describes the current state of the technology to assess physical activity, with a focus on specific sensors and sensor properties currently used in monitors and their strengths and weaknesses. Additional sens...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182399bc8
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:There is interest in the potential long-term use of dietary supplementation with bovine colostrum to enhance exercise performance. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dose effects of bovine colostrum on cycling performance. METHODS:Forty-two competitive cyclists were randomly divided into thr...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005768-200207000-00020
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00