Allometric scaling of left ventricular mass by body dimensions in males and females.

abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the maximum oxygen uptake V0(2max) of elite endurance athletes and to explain why the body mass exponent, necessary to render V0(2max) independent of body mass, appears to be greater than 0.67. METHODS:Study 1: V0(2max) of 174 international sportsmen and women was assessed. Athletes were recruited f...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Nevill A,Brown D,Godfrey R,Johnson P,Romer L,Stewart AD,Winter EM

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Although both humans and quadrupeds frequently coordinate breathing and limb movement during running, early studies in humans focused on how increased breathing flexibility in humans allowed for relaxed or even transient coordination during locomotion. This difference was used to explain why quadrupeds had...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Willcockson MA,Wall-Scheffler CM

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to determine whether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), rather than the direct effect of HIV infection, limits peripheral muscle oxygen extraction-utilization (a-vO(2)) in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS:Fifteen subjects (6 female a...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Cade WT,Fantry LE,Nabar SR,Shaw DK,Keyser RE

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Data from the general population suggest that habitual exercise decreases bronchial responsiveness, but the possible role of exercise in asthmatics is undefined. The leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast decreases bronchial responsiveness and exercise-induced symptoms in asthmatic children. This randomize...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Bonsignore MR,La Grutta S,Cibella F,Scichilone N,Cuttitta G,Interrante A,Marchese M,Veca M,Virzi' M,Bonanno A,Profita M,Morici G

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical changes during natural heel-toe running with learned midfoot and Pose running. METHODS:Twenty heel-toe runners were instructed in midfoot running and a novel running style in which the acromium, greater trochanter, and lateral malleolus are aligned in stan...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Arendse RE,Noakes TD,Azevedo LB,Romanov N,Schwellnus MP,Fletcher G

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study was designed to compare the differences in EMG and kinematics between successful and unsuccessful attempts in bench pressing at one repetition maximum (1RM) in recreational weight-trained subjects. We hypothesized that failure occurs during the sticking period (the period during which there is a temp...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： van den Tillaar R,Ettema G

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:It is well established that hemodynamic dysfunction, resulting in diminished upper-extremity work capacity, occurs in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) as compared with those who are nondisabled (ND). Although it has been shown that persons with paraplegia display higher values of heart rate (HR) with ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Jacobs PL,Mahoney ET,Robbins A,Nash M

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Reducing ice friction was one of the motives for developing the klapskate. However, the magnitude of power dissipation that occurs with conventional skates when a skater plantar flexes his ankle and the tip of the blade is pressed into the ice has not been quantified previously. In this study, we examine how ic...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Houdijk H,Wijker AJ,De Koning JJ,Bobbert MF,De Groot G

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study was undertaken to determine whether endurance training is associated with changes in myocardial perfusion in humans. METHODS:Myocardial perfusion was measured in eleven trained and nine sedentary men at rest and during adenosine-stimulated hyperemia using positron emission tomography (PET). Left ven...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kalliokoski KK,Nuutila P,Laine H,Luotolahti M,Janatuinen T,Raitakari OT,Takala TO,Knuuti J

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The association between increasing age and decreasing vagal modulation is well known. However, the importance of fitness as a determinant of the decline in vagal modulation with age is not established. To test the hypothesis that decreasing vagal modulation is largely a function of declining fitness rather than increa...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Goldsmith RL,Bigger JT Jr,Bloomfield DM,Steinman RC

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Patellar tendon abnormality (PTA) on diagnostic imaging is part of the diagnostic criteria for patellar tendinopathy. PTA and altered landing strategies are primary risk factors that increase the likelihood of asymptomatic athletes developing patellar tendinopathy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examin...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Mann KJ,Edwards S,Drinkwater EJ,Bird SP

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been postulated that coactivation of antagonist hamstring musculature during active knee extension aids the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in maintaining joint stability by exerting an opposing torque to anterior tibial displacement induced by the quadriceps. It was the purpose of this study to compare contra...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Osternig LR,Caster BL,James CR

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two studies were conducted to test the validity of an all-out procedure for the assessment of the maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD). Subjects in study 1 (N = 9; VO2max = 57 +/- 3 ml.kg-1.min-1 [+/- SEM]) completed three supramaximal efforts on a cycle ergometer. Exhaustive exercise during an all-out isokinetic ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gastin PB,Costill DL,Lawson DL,Krzeminski K,McConell GK

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Poor muscle quality and sedentary behavior are risk factors for metabolic dysfunction in children and adolescents. However, because longitudinal data are scarce, relatively little is known about how changes in muscle quality and physical activity influence bone development. PURPOSE:In a 2-yr longitudinal ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Farr JN,Laddu DR,Blew RM,Lee VR,Going SB

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Loud sounds can decrease reaction time (RT) and increase force generated during voluntary contractions. Accordingly, we hypothesized that the loud starter's pistol at the Olympic Games allows runners closer to the starter to react sooner and stronger than runners farther away. METHODS:RT for the 100/110 m...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Brown AM,Kenwell ZR,Maraj BK,Collins DF

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of physical activity on bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and lean mass in postmenopausal, overweight/obese women. METHODS:We conducted a 12-month randomized controlled aerobic exercise intervention versus control in 173 sedentary, overweight/obese, postmenopausal women, aged ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Chubak J,Ulrich CM,Tworoger SS,Sorensen B,Yasui Y,Irwin ML,Stanczyk FZ,Potter JD,McTiernan A

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to test whether a tidally ventilated homogeneous lung model can correctly describe arterial and end-tidal gas partial pressures and thus the difference in end-tidal and arterial gas partial pressures at rest and during exercise. METHODS:The implemented mathematical modeling described ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Benallal H,Denis C,Prieur F,Busso T

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Slow gait predicts many adverse clinical outcomes in old adults, but the mechanisms of how power training can minimize the age-related loss of gait velocity is unclear. We examined the effects of 10 wk of lower extremity power training and detraining on healthy old adults' lower extremity muscle power and ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Beijersbergen CM,Granacher U,Gäbler M,Devita P,Hortobágyi T

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to quantify the repeated oxygen deficits attained during intermittent endurance exercise by measuring oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and oxygen demand (V˙O2) throughout a simulated roller ski race. METHODS:Eight male elite cross-country skiers (V˙O2peak, 77.4 ± 4.4 mL·kg⋅min) raced a 13.5-km roller...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Gløersen Ø,Gilgien M,Dysthe DK,Malthe-Sørenssen A,Losnegard T

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated the changes in running mechanics and spring-mass behavior over a 24-h treadmill run (24TR). METHODS:Kinematics, kinetics, and spring-mass characteristics of the running step were assessed in 10 experienced ultralong-distance runners before, every 2 h, and after a 24TR using an instrumen...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Morin JB,Samozino P,Millet GY

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Lower-limb muscle weakness has often been reported in COPD, and contributes to exercise intolerance. Controversial information is available regarding upper-limb muscle adaptations and the influence of muscle wasting on muscle weakness. We investigated leg and arm muscle function in 59 stable COPD patients (GOLD...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Franssen FM,Broekhuizen R,Janssen PP,Wouters EF,Schols AM

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although low back pain (LBP) is a widespread and disabling health problem, there is a lack of evidence based medicine with respect to its treatment and rehabilitation. A major reason for this is the poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the LBP syndromes. In an attempt to fill this gap, the present review...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ebenbichler GR,Oddsson LI,Kollmitzer J,Erim Z

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Little is known about whether acute exercise affects signs or symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. This experiment sought to determine the effects of a single bout of moderate-intensity leg cycling exercise on measures of attention, hyperactivity, mood, and motivation to comple...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Fritz KM,O'Connor PJ

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The following paper gives a summary of the published studies that have applied the theories of reasoned action and planned behavior to the prediction of exercising intentions and behavior. The paper focuses primarily on the knowledge gained from the application of these theories and how these theoretical frameworks co...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Godin G

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVE:The accurate determination of limitations in physical activity is important in evaluating patients with heart failure and in assessing the efficacy of treatment. However, the conventional measures used to evaluate hemodynamics, functional class, and exercise capacity all have limitations. Our objective was to...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Asakuma S,Fujiwara M,Ohyanagi M,Iwasaki T

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The development of valid measures of built environments relevant for physical activity is an important step toward controlling the global epidemic of physical inactivity-related noncommunicable diseases and deaths. This study assessed the construct validity of a self-report neighborhood environment walkability ...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Oyeyemi AL,Conway TL,Adedoyin RA,Akinroye KK,Aryeetey R,Assah F,Cain KL,Gavand KA,Kasoma SS,Kolbe-Alexander TL,Lambert EV,Larouche R,Moss SJ,Ocansey R,Onywera VO,Prista A,Tremblay MS,Sallis JF

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were developed to provide a subjective estimation of exercise intensity during exercise but are also used to produce exercise intensities and to report the intensity of completed exercise sessions. PURPOSE:To determine the relationship between RPE assessed before, during,...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Kilpatrick MW,Robertson RJ,Powers JM,Mears JL,Ferrer NF

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics of gas exchange at the on-transient of exercise are appreciably slowed in older individuals. Eight older men (72 yr) completed 6 months of aerobic cycle training. Ventilation and gas exchange kinetics were determined at the onset of a below threshold (ventilatory threshold, V(E)T) square wave exercise fun...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Babcock MA,Paterson DH,Cunningham DA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Limited information is currently available regarding muscle synergistic patterns and triggered reflex responses during dynamic weight-bearing activities in the presence of muscle fatigue. PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of quadriceps muscle fatigue on patterns of muscle activati...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Ballantyne BT,Shields RK

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Recent data indicate a direct relationship between the sympathetic nervous system and bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a beta-1 adrenergic (Adrb1) agonist, dobutamine (DOB), on disuse-induced changes in bone integrity during 28 d of hindlimb unloading (HU). METHODS...

journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise

authors： Swift JM,Hogan HA,Bloomfield SA

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00