Abstract:
:Despite a plethora of clinical guidelines and evidence outlining the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids, these medications continue to be underused in the treatment of asthma. This article reviews the justification for prescribing inhaled steroids as first-line therapy, discusses indications for their use, and compares potencies of the various products now available. In addition, the authors address the adverse effects commonly associated with these agents and provide evidence supporting early intervention with inhaled steroids in the treatment of persistent asthma.
journal_name
Postgrad Medjournal_title
Postgraduate medicineauthors
Laurie S,Khan Ddoi
10.3810/pgm.2001.05.924subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-05-01 00:00:00pages
44-6, 49-52, 55-6issue
5eissn
0032-5481issn
1941-9260journal_volume
109pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease occur often. Severity should be established by signs and symptoms and by reference to baseline pulmonary function test results when necessary. If the exacerbation is mild to moderate, treatment should include antibiotics, theophylline, beta agonists, and muc...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1992.11701168
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prognosis for patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder has improved dramatically in recent years. Primary care physicians, who may be the first healthcare professionals to consult with these patients, can often provide appropriate treatment or therapeutic guidance. Psychiatric consultations and the implementati...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1999.12.807
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When a patient presents with a hard, painless lump in the neck, one should assume that it is a cancer and that it is metastatic from a primary lesion located above the clavicle. A careful physical examination with the appropriate instruments most often will determine the site of the primary lesion. Laryngograms or lat...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1975.11714054
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preview How can physicians make appropriate treatment decisions in substance abusers who have serious medical illness, especially when patients may not offer the information needed? Drs Westreich and Rosenthal summarize common physical findings that suggest abuse of specific substances. Recognizing these signs allows ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1995.11945984
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To compare the safety and efficacy of U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended doses of labetalol and nicardipine for hypertension (HTN) management in a subset of patients with renal dysfunction (RD). DESIGN:Randomized, open label, multicenter prospective clinical trial. SETTING:Thirteen U...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.3810/pgm.2014.07.2790
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nephrolithiasis is caused by several biochemical mechanisms, identification of which allows specific therapy that may prevent recurrences. In patients with their first kidney stone, careful evaluation is needed to identify those at highest risk for recurrence. Extensive evaluation of this subgroup should lead to prope...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1996.12.127
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Opioids with abuse-deterrent properties may reduce widespread abuse, misuse, and diversion of these products. This study aimed to quantify misuse, abuse, dependence, and health resource use of extended-release morphine sulfate with sequestered naltrexone hydrochloride (ER-MSN; EMBEDA®), compared with non-abus...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2019.1585688
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ingested ethylene glycol is readily absorbed and metabolized into toxic metabolites that can cause CNS depression, cardiopulmonary failure, and renal failure. Thorough history taking, physical examination, and laboratory testing are essential for diagnosis. Careful differential diagnosis is important because symptoms ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3810/pgm.1999.10.1.734
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::According to Cato Institute chairman William A. Niskanen, government-mandated managed competition will fail to control healthcare costs and will pose a serious threat to the quality of American medical care. Mr Niskanen elaborates on this viewpoint in the following remarks, which were originally delivered in a speech....
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1994.11945814
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the appropriateness of giving medical advice on the telephone could be debated, this discussion is based on the assumption that few physicians can avoid providing this service to their patients. In fact, most physicians must respond often to telephone requests for advice. A large portion of these "emergency" cal...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1987.11699699
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Broncholithiasis, a disease that is probably much more common than has been reported, is most often associated with pulmonary infections, for example, tuberculosis and histoplasmosis. Stones originate from calcified peribronchial lymph nodes that erode into the tracheobronchial tree, but lithoptysis occurs infrequentl...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1988.11700166
更新日期:1988-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a frequent complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes, including an increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, as well as adverse economic and social effects. Slowing the development and progression of CKD remains an unme...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2019.1601404
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Febrile convulsions affect about 1 child in 30. Most of these children have a good outcome with no sequelae and do not require prophylactic medication. Differential diagnosis should include meningitis, epilepsy, hypoglycemia, and encephalopathies and other central nervous system disorders. Children with a high risk fo...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1991.11700905
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although evidence indicates that the incidence of stroke has declined over the past 30 years, stroke remains one of the leading causes of disability and death in the United States. Prevention appears to be the best treatment. According to the Straub Stroke Registry, 52% of strokes in its patient population can be attr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1986.11699535
更新日期:1986-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The patient with jaundice may be accurately diagnosed through clinical history, physical findings, and noninvasive laboratory and radiologic examinations available in most community hospitals. Ultrasonography is usually the procedure of choice in initial evaluation, but if acute cholecystitis is suspected, hepatobilia...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal paracentesis is a useful and safe technique in the evaluation of ascites. The withdrawn ascitic fluid should be routinely analyzed for appearance, blood cell count, and amylase and total protein concentrations; examined cytologically; and cultured. Results should either substantiate the clinical diagnosis or...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1978.11714844
更新日期:1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly 1 in 5 Americans will struggle with major depression in their lives; some will have recurring bouts. Recent psychiatric research has given new attention to the prevalence of cognitive deficits in major depression and the impact such deficits have on remission and overall life functioning. When depression is par...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2016.1221318
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::As understanding of the natural history of breast cancer has increased, radical mastectomy has given way to a preference for breast-sparing surgery and greater reliance on radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Probably the most important factor for selection of treatment is consultation with a multidisciplinary team ski...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1989.11704444
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common infection in women of reproductive age. PID is actually a spectrum of disease, beginning with cervicitis and progressing to endometritis and eventually salpingitis. Sequelae include ectopic pregnancy, infertility, chronic pelvic pain, hydrosalpinx, and tubo-ovarian abscess...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1993.11701600
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some patients with severe and chronic pain fail to obtain adequate pain relief with standard pharmacologic treatment agents, including low to moderate dosages of opioids. Understandably, physicians might not believe patients who claim that a standard opioid dosage is an ineffective treatment. These patients may be sev...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2014.996110
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Careful attention to the practical aspects of oral anticoagulant therapy can improve patient compliance and lessen the risk of bleeding complications. A variety of risk factors for bleeding associated with oral anticoagulant therapy have been defined and should be assessed before initiating therapy. Recent investigati...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preview Although no one theory on aging explains satisfactorily why or how this process occurs, we know that aging causes physiologic changes and a progressive decline of functional organ reserve. The implications of these changes are increasingly important as the elderly segment of the population grows. In this artic...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1996.11946121
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was undertaken to determine whether the platelet estimate included in the routine CBC is being utilized as a guide to ordering quantitative platelet counts. Requisition slips and results were reviewed for a one-month period. The data showed that platelet estimates were not being used properly. In fact, much of...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1980.11715507
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, surveillance or risk-oriented follow-up of patients in the individual practice setting may be the most efficacious means of reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with selected types of cancer. Intervention into carcinogenesis or alteration of the natural history of cancer requires a clear understa...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1985.11699112
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of immunologically mediated diseases has been hampered by the lack of therapeutic agents capable of selectively altering distinct areas of the immune network. Unfortunately, most immunomodulating drugs with such capability are not selective in their suppressive effects, often causing untoward reactions such ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1983.11698479
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maximal exercise stress test continues to be an important diagnostic and prognostic tool in the primary care office setting. But are you getting the most accurate information possible? Drs Driggers and Marchant discuss several factors that are crucial to the test's validity--and thus to its usefulness in your clin...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1999.05.1.737
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Naloxone is indicated for reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression. The objective of this study is to evaluate patterns of naloxone use in hospitalized patients. METHODS:Retrospective chart review at the University of California, San Diego Health. Subjects included adults ≥18 years old who were adm...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2017.1263139
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A carefully taken history and thorough physical examination remain the most crucial aspects of diagnosing rheumatic disorders. Non-rheumatologic conditions also need to be kept in mind. Laboratory tests should be looked on as mostly supportive or confirmatory, because many of the tests are relatively nonspecific and m...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1991.11700818
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mere presence of uterine fibroids is not, since qua non, an indication for their surgical removal. Knowing when not to operate is probably more important for the physician than knowing when to operate. It is easy to fall into diagnostic and therapeutic traps when uterine fibroids are known to be present, especiall...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver transplantation revolutionized the management of liver disease. Although the number of patients who could benefit from a transplant far exceeds the number of available cadaveric donors, new strategies, such as splitting cadaveric organs and using living donors, have expanded access to transplantation. Here, a te...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2004.05.1514
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00