Abstract：
:The juvenile growth rate (gj) of Daphnia is a good predictor of the per capita rate of increase (r), which is considered the ecologically most meaningful parameter. The hypothesis is tested that gj may be used as a surrogate for r in short-term ecotoxicological tests to replace the time-consuming population-based testing. The effects of 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) on various reproductive parameters of Daphnia magna, including r, net reproductive rate in 21 days (R21), age at first reproduction (AFR), adult survival, and egg viability, were measured simultaneously with gj. Reproductive parameters were not affected below a concentration of 9 microg/L DCA, but all of them responded strongly above this concentration. DCA reduced the total number of eggs produced only moderately, but induced strong egg mortality in particular in the first brood. Because egg mortality is an important factor, measures of sublethal toxic effects must be based on viable eggs. Although (g) is a good predictor of individual fitness of Daphnia under variable natural conditions when egg mortality is negligible, it is not a good predictor of the effects of xenobiotic stress; hence it cannot replace r. Short-term tests based solely on either somatic growth or egg viability are not sufficiently correlated with r to give ecologically meaningful results, but protocols based on the number of viable eggs in the first clutch and the time to release of the first neonates may be an alternative to the 21-day test or longer life-table experiments.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Trubetskova I,Lampert Wdoi
10.1007/s00244-001-0010-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-02-01 00:00:00pages
193-8issue
2eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
42pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:n-Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) were evaluated and compared for their developmental toxic potential. Pregnant rats were given either BBP or DBP by gastric intubation at a dose of 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 g/kg on days 7-9, days 10-12 and days 13-15 of pregnancy. Regardless of the days of treatme...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF00217620
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF00212084
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF01160308
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00212141
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02221018
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002440010246
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-013-9928-y
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herbicides, such as atrazine, are extensively used in agriculture in order to suppress growth of weeds. From the soil they inevitably find their way to water supplies, leading to human exposure via drinking water. Therefore, it is extremely important to know whether those chemicals pose any hazard to public health. Th...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-003-3075-9
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present project is to determine the feasibility of measuring hepatic cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and metallothionein (MT) mRNA in fish as an integrative measurement of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metal contamination in sediment arising in Hong Kong. Sediment samples were collected fro...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002449910064
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that destroy tumor and virally infected cells. Previous studies have shown that exposure of NK cells to tributyltin (TBT) greatly diminishes their ability to destroy tumor cells (lytic function) while activating mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) (p44/42, p38, and ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-010-9520-7
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a widespread contaminate of soils and ground water throughout North America. Earlier studies have indicated that microbial biodegradation leads to the formation of intermediate metabolites which are more toxic than the parent compound. Microbial degradation is by three general pathways: dech...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00203555
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
