Abstract:
:The United States Environmental Protection Agency has defined national in-stream water-quality criteria (WQC) for 157 pollutants. No WQC to protect aquatic life exist for total dissolved solids (TDS). Some water-treatment processes (e.g., pH modifications) discharge wastewaters of potentially adverse TDS into freshwater systems. Strong correlations between specific conductivity, a TDS surrogate, and several biotic indices in a previous study suggested that TDS caused by a coal-mine effluent was the primary stressor. Further acute and chronic testing in the current study with Ceriodaphnia dubia in laboratory-manipulated media indicated that the majority of the effluent toxicity could be attributed to the most abundant ions in the discharge, sodium (1952 mg/L) and/or sulfate (3672 mg/L), although the hardness of the effluent (792 +/- 43 mg/L as CaCO3) ameliorated some toxicity. Based on laboratory testing of several effluent-mimicking media, sodium- and sulfate-dominated TDS was acutely toxic at approximately 7000 microS/cm (5143 mg TDS/L), and chronic toxicity occurred at approximately 3200 microS/cm (2331 mg TDS/L). At a lower hardness (88 mg/L as CaCO3), acute and chronic toxicity end-points were decreased to approximately 5000 microS/cm (3663 mg TDS/L) and approximately 2000 microS/cm (1443 mg TDS/L), respectively. Point-source discharges causing in-stream TDS concentrations to exceed these levels may risk impairment to aquatic life.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Kennedy AJ,Cherry DS,Zipper CEdoi
10.1007/s00244-004-0034-zsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-08-01 00:00:00pages
155-62issue
2eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The effects of a 7-day exposure of 3-day-old wheat plantsto increasing Cd concentrations are described, with special attention beinggiven to chloroplast ultrastructural changes, chlorophyll fluorescenceresponses, chlorophyll and nutrient concentration changes as well as growthchanges of the whole plant. The plants tre...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900168
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) embryos exposed to the pesticide Guthion (technical grade) and Guthion 2S (commercial formulation) was evaluated in modified Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay--Xenopus (FETAX) tests. The embryos were exposed to five or six increasing concentrations of pesticide in ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00214270
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Egg yolk was spiked with p,p'-dicofol (p,p'-DCF) (0.1-2.0 micrograms/gm), p,p'-dichlorobenzophenone (p,p'-DCBP) (0.1-2.0 micrograms/gm), and 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) (0.05-1.0 micrograms/gm). The fortified egg yolk (2-5 g) was mixed with acetonitrile to extract non-fat organic materials....
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01059825
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present investigation was to determine the extent to which mercury (Hg) provokes measurable effects on the structure of the digestive gland of slugs as well as to relate the extent of these effects to the cell and tissue distribution of Hg. For this purpose, slugs (Arion ater) received various dietary concentratio...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00203907
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary hippuric acid, phenol, and o-cresol, which are biomarkers for toluene, benzene, and phenol exposures, are usually present in a significant amount in urine collected from subjects who have not been occupationally exposed to the organic solvents. With the improvement of working environments, the urinary concentr...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900015
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This letter to the editor explains why the results presented in "Crane (Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 66:176-200, Crane 2014)" does not support the hypothesis that refined tar sealers (RTS) are a significant source of PAHs in urban sediments. Additional analysis of Crane's data indicates that sediment chemistry can be e...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1007/s00244-014-0094-7
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HCHs, DDTs, and PCBs were analyzed in fish flesh collected from fish ponds in the Pearl River Delta and compared with those from the Mai Po Marshes (a nature reserve) in Hong Kong, which was considered an unpolluted area. The concentrations for these contaminants were <0.01-7.8 ng/g lipid for HCHs, 22.3-381 ng/g lipid...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-003-2197-4
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sediment and water samples collected from 8 sites of the Yangtze River in Nanjing section were characterized with 31 congeners of polychlorodibenzothiophenes (PCDTs). Concentrations and percentage compositions of these PCDTs in water and sediments were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results showed t...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-015-0159-2
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Partial decoupling of mercury (Hg) loading and observed Hg concentrations ([Hg]) in biotic and abiotic samples has been documented in aquatic systems. We studied two Colorado reservoirs to test whether shifts in prey for sport fish would lead to changes in [Hg] independent of external atmospheric Hg deposition. We com...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-016-0353-x
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outdoor air polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were measured in upstate New York as part of a nonoccupational exposure investigation. The adjacent study communities of Hudson Falls and Fort Edward contain numerous sites of current and former PCB contamination, including two capacitor-manufacturing facilitie...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-007-9035-z
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 208 samples of water, sediment, tomato crops, blood, and mothers' breast milk were collected from the environs of Akumadan, a prominent vegetable-farming community in Ghana. The samples were analyzed for organochlorine (OC) pesticide residues. Lindane and endosulfan were found in water and sediment, while o...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010210
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aquatic insects are an important component of the food web in salt marshes, therefore it is necessary to test whether pesticides used to control mosquitoes in salt marshes are safe for nontarget insects. We tested the nontarget effects of a combined formulation (duplex) of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (B.t.i.) a...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010094
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of multiple routes of cadmium exposure on juvenile American toads (Bufo americanus) were evaluated using environmentally relevant concentrations. During or after exposure, toads were individually hibernated for 172 days at approximately 4degreesC. The following experiments were conducted: (1) dermal exposu...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-003-3005-x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thirty-eight urban volunteers from the Lincoln and Omaha, Nebraska areas were monitored for carbaryl exposure during the summer of 1979. All volunteers were involved in the application of carbaryl incidental to their employment or leisure activities. The investigators made no attempt to affect the method of carbaryl a...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01055187
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of soil concentrations of trace and pollutant metals over large spatial areas requires laborious and expensive sampling effort. In this study, we examined the feasibility of using calves as biomonitors of soil semimetal and trace metal concentrations in Galicia (NW Spain), a region in which calves are pr...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-002-1168-5
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herons and egrets are ideal organisms to use asindicators of heavy metal exposure in an ecosystem because different speciesfeed at different levels of the food chain and live in both coastal andinland habitats. This paper reports on the concentration of heavy metals andselenium in the feathers of cattle egrets Bubulcu...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900178
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, and mercury in wood duck (Aix sponsa) eggs collected near a North Carolina (USA) bleached kraft paper mill. Samples were taken a decade after the mill stopped using...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-008-9199-1
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Tinto and Odiel river basins (SW Spain) are known worldwide for their unique water characteristics. Such uniqueness is a consequence of their flow through the Iberian Pyrite Belt (an area rich in metal sulphides) and the mining activities in the basins. A process of sulphide oxidation occurs in this region, which ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-017-0409-6
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of an as-yet-undescribed euryhaline Corophium sp. amphipod as a sediment toxicity testing organism was assessed. The species was found to be ubiquitous in many tidal areas of the Hawkesbury River catchment. The salinity of habitat sites ranged from 0.1 to 24 ppt, sediment total organic carbon (TOC) ranged from...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900282
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury accumulation rates measured in age-dated sediment cores were compared at three Washington state lakes. Offutt Lake and Lake St. Clair are located immediately downwind (18 and 28 km, respectively) of a coal-fired power plant and Lake Sammamish is located outside of the immediate area of the plant (110 km). The ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9530-5
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cotton/polyester fabrics were contaminated with a 1.25% solution of methyl parathion (MeP) emulsifiable concentrate formulation, then laboratory laundered. The laundering variables were detergent type, concentration, water volume, and mechanical agitation. Specimens were unfinished (UN) and soil repellent finished (SR...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01160308
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite safety protocols, crude oil extraction and transportation in the Amazon basin has a potential for inadvertent oil spills, which can impact aquatic organisms in local rivers. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of crude oil on juvenile Amazonian fish tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, at various ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-013-9894-4
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study could serve as a multidisciplinary approach for the assessment of river surface water quality with the use of chemical and biological methods. Specifically, physicochemical parameters, heavy metals, and pesticides were measured in water samples from three different stations (sampling station S1, S2, ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-015-0152-9
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insecticides are increasingly being used in hot arid ecosystems. The evaluation of the ecological risk these insecticides may pose, however, is based largely on data derived from temperate organisms and ecosystems. The major differences in the composition, structure, and functioning of desert animal communities when c...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s002449900150
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies have demonstrated the important role played by indoor dust in human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), particularly in children, who spend most of their time indoors. Few data have been available for PBDEs in house dust in China. In this study, dust samples were collected randomly fro...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9564-8
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hymenopterous parasitoids are key species involved in the regulation of insect populations. Kairomone perception is an important step leading to host parasitization. The massive use of insecticides induces environmental pollution that can interact with the reproduction of parasitoids. In this work, we have determined ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-004-0158-1
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soils from the Yorktown Naval Base contaminated with trinitrotoluene (TNT) and other explosives were used to prepare eluates before and after bioremediation using microbial growth amendments in the presence (P1 eluates) or absence (P2 eluates) of exogenous white rot fungus. Effectiveness of bioremediation was examined...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010177
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the most ubiquitous plasticizers used worldwide. However, it has negatives effects on the soil, water, atmosphere, and other environmental media and can cause serious pollution. According to the artificial soil test and previous studies, this study was conducted to evaluate the tox...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-017-0451-4
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children living in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, and in nearby surrounding areas are exposed to a mixture of pollutants from different sources. Previous studies in the area have reported genotoxic and haematotoxic compounds, such as lead (Pb), benzene, toluene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in environmental ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-014-9999-4
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of fish to water of impaired quality has been shown to disrupt the function of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal (HPI) axis and alter the interpretation of data from field studies due to the varying effects of handling and delayed sampling on exposed and reference animals. In the present study, juvenile wh...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010220
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00