Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Recent interest in shortening the fasting interval after ingestion of milk products demonstrated large volumes of breast milk in the stomach 2 h after breastfeeding. Although aspiration is a rare event, if it were to occur with human breast milk, it is important to understand the extent of the lung injury that might occur. Therefore, the response to instillation of acidified breast milk and infant formula in the lungs of adult rabbits was studied. METHODS:In 18 anesthetized adult rabbits, 1 of 3 fluids (in a volume of 0.8 ml.kg-1 and pH level of 1.8, acidified with hydrochloric acid); saline, breast milk, or infant formula (SMA, Wyeth, Windsor, Ontario), was instilled into the lungs via a tracheotomy. The lungs were ventilated for 4 h after instillation. Alveolar-to-arterial oxygen gradient and dynamic compliance were measured before and at hourly intervals after instillation. After 4 h, the rabbits were killed and the lungs were excised. Neutrophil infiltration was quantitated by a pathologist blinded to the instilled fluid. A histologic control group of four rabbits was ventilated under study conditions without any intratracheal fluid instillation. RESULTS:Alveolar-to-arterial oxygen gradient increased and dynamic compliance decreased significantly during the 4 h after instillation of both breast milk and infant formula compared with baseline measurements and with saline controls (P < 0.05). The neutrophil counts in the lungs from the saline, breast milk, and formula rabbits were significantly greater than those in the control group. CONCLUSIONS:Instillation of acidified breast milk or infant formula (in a volume of 0.8 ml.kg-1 and pH level of 1.8) into rabbits' lungs induces acute lung injury of similar intensity that lasts at least 4 h.
journal_name
Anesthesiologyjournal_title
Anesthesiologyauthors
O'Hare B,Lerman J,Endo J,Cutz Edoi
10.1097/00000542-199606000-00015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
1386-91issue
6eissn
0003-3022issn
1528-1175journal_volume
84pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ANESTHESIOLOGY文献大全abstract:BACKGROUND:The authors investigated the impact of acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) on intrarenal oxygenation and its functional short-term consequences in pigs. METHODS:Renal microvascular oxygenation (µPO2) was measured in cortex, outer and inner medulla via three implanted optical fibers by oxygen-dependent que...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31829bd9bc
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Optimal analgesia for total knee arthroplasty remains challenging. Many modalities have been used, including peripheral nerve block, periarticular infiltration, and epidural analgesia. However, the relative efficacy of various modalities remains unknown. The authors aimed to quantify and rank order the effic...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001607
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rapid development of acute opioid tolerance is well established in animals and is more likely to occur with large doses of short-acting drugs. The authors therefore tested the hypothesis that intraoperative remifentanil administration results in acute opioid tolerance that is manifested by increased postoper...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200008000-00019
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During emergence from anesthesia, breathing 100% oxygen is frequently used to provide a safety margin toward hypoxemia in case an airway problem occurs. Oxygen breathing has been shown to cause pulmonary gas exchange disorders in healthy individuals. This study investigates how oxygen breathing during emerge...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000000161
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent reports have described resistance to pancuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients chronically receiving anticonvulsants. This study examines the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of metocurine (MTC) in 12 patients undergoing craniotomy--six on chronic phenytoin therapy and six comparable controls....
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198509000-00009
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The memory-blocking properties of general anesthetics are of high clinical relevance and scientific interest. The inhalational anesthetic xenon antagonizes N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. It is unknown if xenon affects long-term potentiation (LTP), a cellular correlate for memory formation. In hippoca...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3182475d66
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the absence of data on the anatomic localization of the cuff of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in children, radiologic images were obtained from 50 infants and children (aged 1 month to 15 yr) undergoing diagnostic radiologic procedures during halothane and N2O:O2 anesthesia. In 46 patients, the cuff of the LMA wa...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199212000-00007
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Early acquisition of critical competencies by novice anesthesiology residents is essential for patient safety, but traditional training methods may be insufficient. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of high-fidelity simulation training of novice residents in the initial management ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181c62d43
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite decreasing cardiac events, perioperative beta-blockade also increases perioperative stroke and mortality. Major bleeding and/or hypotension are independently associated with these outcomes. To investigate the hypothesis that beta-blockade limits the cardiac reserve to compensate for acute surgical an...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181c5dd81
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebral and systemic hemodynamic and metabolic effects of hypotension induced with desflurane were examined in 11 dogs. During a steady-state baseline period under 1 MAC desflurane (7.2%), the following were measured or derived: arterial, pulmonary artery, and pulmonary artery occlusion pressures; arterial, mixed...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199103000-00021
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The authors developed a measure to determine whether maternal motivation to be present during induction (Motivation for Parental Presence during Induction of Anesthesia [MPPIA]) is related to children's anxiety during the induction process. METHODS:Mothers and children (aged 2-12 yr) undergoing outpatient, ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200509000-00008
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Desflurane (formerly I-653) is a new inhalaticnal anesthetic with a promising pharmacokinetic profile that includes low solubility in blood and tissue, including fat. Since its lipid solubility is less than that of other volatile agents, it may have lower potency. Low solubility would be expected to increase the rate ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199103000-00007
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dynorphin A in the spinal cord is considered to contribute to nociceptive stimuli. However, it has not yet been determined whether activation of the spinal dynorphinergic system under nociceptive stimuli plays a role in direct acceleration of the ascending nociceptive pathway. In this study, the authors inve...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181ca31d9
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During experimental cardiac arrest, continuous insufflation of air or oxygen (CIO) through microcannulas inserted into the inner wall of a modified intubation tube and generating a permanent positive intrathoracic pressure, combined with external cardiac massage, has previously been shown to be as effective ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200006000-00007
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nitric oxide released by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in immune responses and systemic vasodilation in septic shock. Volatile anesthetics have been reported to interfere with signal transduction and gene expression. We studied the effect of volatile anesthetics on activity a...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200004000-00028
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Frailty is associated with adverse postoperative outcomes, but it remains unclear which measure of frailty is best. This study compared two approaches: the Modified Frailty Index, which is a deficit accumulation model (number of accumulated deficits), and the Hopkins Frailty Score, which is a phenotype model...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002959
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The minimum time interval between administration of oral midazolam and separation of children from their parents that ensures good anterograde amnesia has not been previously determined. This is of particular importance in a busy operating room setting where schedule delays secondary to midazolam administrat...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-200009000-00016
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Emergence delirium has been investigated in several clinical trials. However, no reliable and valid rating scale exists to measure this phenomenon in children. Therefore, the authors developed and evaluated the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) scale to measure emergence delirium in children. M...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200405000-00015
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recorded the frequency with which anesthesia personnel came in contact with patient body fluids in order to provide an empirical basis for the recommendation of relevant precautions. Anesthesia personnel completed a questionnaire when performing a range of standardized procedures. The rate of contact with blood was...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199010000-00006
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The discrepancy between predicted effect-site concentration and measured bispectral index is problematic during intravenous anesthesia with target-controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil. We hypothesized that bispectral index during total intravenous anesthesia would be more accurately predicted by ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000001892
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ethical conduct in human research in anesthesia includes approval by an institutional review board (IRB) or ethics committee and informed consent. Evidence of these is sometimes lacking in journal publications. METHODS:The authors reviewed all publications involving human subjects in six leading anesthesia ...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-200311000-00030
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initial studies have suggested that oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC) in a dose of 15-20 micrograms/kg may be a safe and effective preanesthetic medication in children and adults, but this has not been demonstrated in a randomized, double-blind fashion. The purpose of this study was to determine in a randomize...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The safety and efficacy of epidural morphine injected into the caudal space for control of postoperative pain following open cardiac surgery in children was studied. Thirty-two children between the ages of 2-12 yr for whom early postoperative tracheal extubation was anticipated were randomly assigned to control and st...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00000542-198903000-00009
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Isoflurane induces cell apoptosis by an unknown mechanism. The authors hypothesized that isoflurane activates inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, causing excessive calcium release, triggering apoptosis. METHODS:The authors determined isoflurane-induced cy...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.anes.0000299435.59242.0e
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We examined the effects of different anesthetics on cerebral oxygenation and systemic hemodynamics in patients undergoing surgery in beach chair position (BCP). Jugular venous bulb oxygen saturation (SjvO2) and regional cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) were determined while patients were placed from...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31825154d2
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five healthy, nonpregnant volunteers were studied before and after induction of lumbar epidural anesthesia to determine the cause of central hypothermia during epidural anesthesia. Cutaneous heat loss was measured from 10 area-weighted sites using thermal flux transducers. Oxygen consumption was measured and converted...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199104000-00011
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the technique of ventriculocisternal perfusion, resistance to reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid (Ra) was calculated from determinations of the rate of reabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid (Va) at differing cerebrospinal fluid pressures in dogs. Ra was examined during prolonged anesthesia (5.0-6.0 h) with enflur...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-198411000-00009
更新日期:1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is increasingly important to evaluate patients' recovery after ambulatory surgery. The authors developed the Functional Recovery Index (FRI) to assess postdischarge functional recovery for ambulatory surgical patients. METHODS:The scale development involved four phases: item generation, item selection, r...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e318197a16d
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Propofol can be associated with delayed awakening after prolonged infusion. The aim of this study was to characterize the preclinical pharmacology of AZD-3043, a positive allosteric modulator of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor containing a metabolically labile ester moiety. The authors post...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e31825685a6
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular endothelium plays an important role in the regulation of vascular tone. Volatile anesthetics have been shown to attenuate endothelium-mediated relaxation in conductance arteries, such as aorta. However, significant differences in volatile anesthetic pharmacology between these large vessels and the s...
journal_title:Anesthesiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00000542-199501000-00024
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00