Abstract：
:Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions represent cell-mediated immune responses that exert important immunoprotective (resistance to viruses, bacteria, and fungi) or immunopathologic (allergic or autoimmune hypersensitivity) effects. We have used the skin DTH response as an in vivo model to study neuro-endocrine-immune interactions. We hypothesized that just as an acute stress response prepares the cardiovascular and musculoskeletal systems for fight or flight, it may also prepare the immune system for challenges (e.g., wounding) that may be imposed by a stressor (e.g., an aggressor). Studies showed that acute (2 hours) stress experienced before primary or secondary cutaneous antigen exposure induces significantly enhanced skin DTH. This enhancement involves innate as well as adaptive immune mechanisms. Adrenalectomy eliminates the stress-induced enhancement of DTH. Acute administration of physiological concentrations of corticosterone and/or epinephrine to adrenalectomized animals enhances skin DTH. Compared with those in controls, DTH sites from acutely stressed or hormone-injected animals show significantly greater erythema and induration, numbers of infiltrating leukocytes, and levels of cytokine gene expression. In contrast to acute stress, chronic stress is immunosuppressive. Chronic exposure to corticosterone or acute exposure to dexamethasone significantly suppresses skin DTH. These results suggest that during acute stress, endogenous stress hormones enhance skin immunity by increasing leukocyte trafficking and cytokine gene expression at the site of antigen entry. Elucidation of mechanisms mediating a stress-induced enhancement of skin immune function is important because such immunoenhancement can have protective (wound healing, resistance to infection) or pathological (allergic or autoimmune hypersensitivity) consequences.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Dhabhar FSdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03151.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-05-01 00:00:00pages
205-17eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
992pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Iddm4 is a dominant non-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) determinant of diabetes susceptibility in BBDR rats treated with poly I:C, plus depletion of regulatory T cells. In congenic MHC-identical normal WF rats, Iddm4(d) sensitively and specifically predicts induced diabetes. We report a new diabetes-susceptible...
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 评论,杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb25398.x
更新日期：1975-08-22 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1975-08-08 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1993.tb17169.x
更新日期：1993-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellulose degradation is a rare trait in bacteria. However, the truly cellulolytic bacteria are extremely efficient hydrolyzers of plant cell wall polysaccharides, especially those in thermophilic anaerobic ecosystems. Clostridium stercorarium, a thermophilic ubiquitous soil dweller, has a simple cellulose hydrolyzing...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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abstract：:The APC protein is a crucial regulator of intestinal cell growth, and mutations in the APC gene are a common initial event in the process of human colorectal carcinogenesis. Animals bearing germline mutations in Apc are therefore important models for human colorectal cancer. These animals have been used both to unders...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
