Abstract:
:1. The functional organization of interneurons in spinal laminae III-V was studied in an isolated preparation of hamster dorsal horn with sensory innervation from an excised skin patch. Morphological details of 40 neurons were visualized by intracellular injection of horseradish peroxidase. Active and passive membrane properties, synaptic responses to cutaneous nerve volleys, and responses to innocuous mechanical stimuli were determined for 25 cells with identified axons. 2. Neurons were classified into two types: 1) cells with local axons, branching in proximity to the cell soma and dendrites, that produced numerous synaptic boutons (740 +/- 504/axon; mean +/- SD), often arranged in clusters and 2) neurons with deep axons that usually bifurcated into rostral and caudal daughter branches up to 2.5 mm long, giving off collaterals ventral to the cell body and dendrites and forming significantly fewer boutons (155 +/- 140/axon) than local axon cells. A majority of boutons of local axon and deep axon cells, 89 and 83%, respectively, were of the en passant type. 3. Dendritic trees of local axon cells were relatively compact dorsoventrally (119 +/- 42 microns) and mediolaterally (128 +/- 45 microns), but were elongated rostrocaudally (404 +/- 121 microns). In comparison, dendritic trees of deep axon cells radiated significantly farther dorsoventrally (218 +/- 88 microns) and mediolaterally (180 +/- 34 microns), but exhibited comparable rostrocaudal spread (413 +/- 128 microns). There was no correlation between dorsoventral and mediolateral dendritic spread and mediolateral soma location for either cell type. However, for medially situated deep axon cells the rostrocaudal dendritic spread was up to 180% greater than for those located laterally. For nearly one-half of all cells (49%; 17/35) dendritic processes extended dorsally into lamina II. 4. Local axon cells had resting membrane potentials that were more negative than deep axon cells (-59.5 +/- 6.1 and -53.6 +/- 4.7 mV, respectively), but the amplitude and duration of action potentials generated by the two types were similar. Neuronal input resistance (RN) and membrane time constant (tau m) varied widely from cell to cell, but were not significantly different for local axon (77.4 +/- 46.8 M omega, 13.4 +/- 9.5 ms) and deep axon cells (46.5 +/- 19.2 M omega, 6.6 +/- 3.0 ms). 5. Volleys in myelinated afferent fibers activated fast rising excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) that exhibited later, more slowly rising potentials with multiple components in a majority of deep axon (89%) and local axon (72%) neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Schneider SPdoi
10.1152/jn.1992.68.5.1746subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-11-01 00:00:00pages
1746-59issue
5eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
68pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study investigated the influence of different modalities of target information (visual, kinesthetic) on the accuracy, kinematics, and interjoint coordination of pointing movements to remembered targets. The targets were presented by a robot arm in five locations in three-dimensional (3D) space, either as a point ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.79.6.2833
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The cochlear nucleus of rat brain stem slices was explored with extracellular microelectrodes to determine the distribution and characteristics of spontaneously active neurons. 2. In mapping experiments few spontaneously active neurons were found in anteroventral or posteroventral divisions of the cochlear nucleus....
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.2.467
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although frequency-dependent short-term presynaptic plasticity has been of long-standing interest, most studies have emphasized modulation of the synchronous, phasic component of transmitter release, most evident with a single or a few presynaptic stimuli. Asynchronous transmitter release, vesicle fusion not closely t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00683.2009
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::One-hertz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (1Hz-rTMS) over ipsilateral motor cortex is able to modify up to 30 min the motor performance of repetitive finger opposition movements paced with a metronome at 2 Hz. We investigated whether the long-lasting rTMS effect on motor behavior can be modulated by subse...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90428.2008
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The aim of this study was to characterize the signals transmitted by neurons of the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) to the middle zone of the flocculus in alert cats. 2. Bipolar stimulating electrodes were implanted into the middle zone of each flocculus, because this zone is known to be involved in the control of ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.3.1759
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using intrinsic signal optical imaging (ISI), we have shown previously that the point spread of evoked activity in the rat barrel cortex in response to single-whisker stimulation encompasses a surprisingly large area. Given that our typical stimulation consists of five deflections at 5 Hz, the large area of evoked act...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.2.692
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To further understand the excitatory effects of motoneurons on spinal network function, we investigated the entrainment of disinhibited rhythms by ventral root (VR) stimulation in the neonatal mouse spinal cord. A brief train of stimuli applied to a VR triggered bursting reliably in 31/32 experiments. The same roots t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90740.2008
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The parafacial respiratory group (pFRG), located in the lateral aspect of the rostroventral lateral medulla, has been described as a conditional expiratory oscillator that emerges mainly in conditions of high metabolic challenges to increase breathing. The convergence of inhibitory and excitatory inputs to pFRG and th...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00698.2019
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hearing ability of five Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) was assessed following two-stage bilateral auditory cortex lesions. The animals were tested using a shock-avoidance procedure with a conditioned-suppression procedure used for comparison in two cases. The animals initially were unable to respond to sound, ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1986.55.2.256
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primate posterior thalamus has been proposed to contribute to pain sensation, but its precise role is unclear. This is in part because spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons that project to the posterior thalamus have received little attention. In this study, antidromic mapping was used to identify individual STT neuro...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90810.2008
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::ACh modulates neuronal activity throughout the cerebral cortex, including the primary visual cortex (V1). However, a number of issues regarding this modulation remain unknown, such as the effect and its function and the receptor subtypes involved. To address these issues, we combined extracellular single-unit recordin...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00330.2011
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the properties of voltage-activated outward currents in two types of spider cuticular mechanoreceptor neurons to learn if these currents contribute to the differences in their adaptation properties. Both types of neurons adapt rapidly to sustained stimuli, but type A neurons usually only fire one or two act...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.6.2937
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor control relies on multiple sources of information. To estimate the position and motion of the hand, the brain uses both vision and body-position (proprioception and kinesthesia) senses from sensors in the muscles, tendons, joints, and skin. Although performance is better when more than one sensory modality is pr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1152/jn.90544.2008
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This second paper of the series deals with another issue regarding sensorimotor representations in the CNS that has received much attention, namely the relative weighting of kinematic and kinetic representations. The question we address here is the contribution of muscle tension afferent information in dorsal spinocer...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.2946
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Intracellular and extracellular recordings were obtained from ganglion cells in the rabbit retina. The effect of N-methyl-DL-aspartate (NMDLA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonists were studied with the use of a perfusion method for drug application. 2. NMDLA excited all ganglion cell types and caused a chara...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1990.63.1.16
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trace eyeblink classical conditioning (tEBCC) can be accelerated by making training trials contingent on the naturally generated hippocampal 3- to 7-Hz theta rhythm. However, it is not well-understood how the presence (or absence) of theta affects stimulus-driven changes within the hippocampus and how it correlates wi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00801.2010
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many neurons in the dorsal region of the medial superior temporal area (MSTd) of monkey cerebral cortex respond to optic flow stimuli in which the center of motion is shifted off the center of the visual field. Each shifted-center-of-motion stimulus presents both different directions of planar motion throughout the vi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.2.782
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the rodent whisker system, a key model for neural processing and behavioral choices during active sensing, whisker motion is increasingly recognized as only part of a broader motor repertoire employed by rodents during active touch. In particular, recent studies suggest whisker and head motions are tightly coordina...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00465.2015
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ca2+ currents in dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons isolated from the fifth abdominal ganglion of the cockroach Periplaneta americana were investigated with the whole cell patch-clamp technique. On the basis of kinetic and pharmacological properties, two different Ca2+ currents were separated in these cells: mid/low...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.186
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The graded, synaptic potentials of first-order visual interneurons (lamina monopolar cells) were examined with intracellular recordings. The spatiotemporal properties were characterized with drifting sine wave gratings and annuli. 2. Annulus-elicited inhibition is maximal for annulus-test pulse intervals of approxi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.71.6.2168
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Outward currents in identified cell types from the pyloric system of the stomatogastric ganglion (STG) of the spiny lobster, Panulirus marginatus, were studied under two-microelectrode voltage clamp. A comparison was made between data from intact cells and somata isolated by ligation of the primary neurite of these...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.6.2056
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the hallmarks of cognitive control is the suppression of prepotent but inappropriate responses. Here we used event-related functional MRI to measure functional brain activation during a stimulus-response incompatibility task. Subjects were instructed before a stimulus appeared either to look at the stimulus (pr...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00471.2004
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show that fast bimanual coordinative feedback responses can be reversed with changes in task goals. Participants moved a flexible virtual object across a finish line with an upward movement of both hands. In one condition, the middle of the object had to be aligned with a spatial goal at the end of the movement. In...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90887.2008
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::For the first time in any vertebrate, in vivo responses of single olfactory receptor neurons to odorant mixtures were studied quantitatively. Extracellular electrophysiological response of 54 single olfactory receptor neurons from 23 channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, to binary mixtures of amino acids and to their ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1997.77.1.1a
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human subjects chose between two color-coded reach targets using multicolored checkerboard-like decision cues (DCs) that presented variable amounts of conflicting sensory evidence supporting both target choices. Different DCs contained different numbers of small squares of the two target colors. The most ambiguous DCs...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00145.2014
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two forms of undulatory locomotion in the lamprey (a lower vertebrate) have been described earlier: fast forward swimming (FFS) used for long distance migrations and slow backward swimming (SBS) used for escape from adverse tactile stimuli. In the present study, we describe another form of escape behavior: slow forwar...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00903.2007
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used the rat hippocampal slice preparation as a model system for studying the epileptogenic consequences of a reduction in neuronal Na+-K+ pump activity. The cardiac glycosides (CGs) strophanthidin and dihydroouabain were used to inhibit the pump. These drugs had readily reversible effects, provided they were ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.2.496
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies, as well as lesion, drug, and single-cell recording studies in animals, suggest that the striatum plays a key role in associating sensory events with rewarding actions, both by facilitating reward processing and prediction (i.e., reinforcement learning) and by...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00164.2012
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monocular deprivation (MD) during the critical period for the development of visual cortex causes a loss of binocular response of neurons and a shift to the open eye, a normal ocular dominance (OD) shift. However, when MD is combined with chronic inactivation of the visual cortex by muscimol, the OD distribution of th...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00313.2003
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ventroposterior region of the thalamus of mongrel cats was searched to locate zones activated by somatic stimuli. By using stimuli that selectively excited Pacinian corpuscles, areas activated by this class of afferent fibers were differentiated from regions activated by other classes of cutaneous mechanoreceptors...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1986.56.6.1475
更新日期:1986-12-01 00:00:00