Abstract:
:A nested case-control hospital study and a midwife-based community cohort study were conducted in Central Sudan during 1989 and 1990 to assess the contribution of mesoendemic malaria to low birth weight. Malarial infection was determined by maternal history, parasitology, and histopathology. There were significant associations between a maternal history of malaria and low birth weight in the hospital study (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-2.1) and the community study (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.3-2.3). Attributable risk percentages were high and were comparable in the hospital study (22.2%) and the community study (24.5%). A significant trend of increased risk of low birth weight was observed with increasing number of reported malaria attacks, with attacks occurring earlier in pregnancy, and with higher parasitemia. In addition, the risk of low birth weight associated with malaria was higher among primiparous women than among multiparous women. The mean birth weight of infants whose mothers had malaria during pregnancy was significantly lower than the mean birth weight of infants whose mothers did not. Malaria treatment, chemoprophylaxis, and use of insecticides decreased the risk of low birth weight and are recommended as appropriate interventions. These measures should target primigravid women and should be initiated early in pregnancy.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Taha Tel T,Gray RH,Mohamedani AAdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116861subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-09-01 00:00:00pages
318-25issue
5eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
138pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The objective of this study was to assess the validity of prevalent and incident self-reported diabetes compared with multiple reference definitions and to assess the reliability (repeatability) of a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes. Data from 10,321 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) St...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kws156
更新日期:2012-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is known to be associated with systemic inflammation. We examined the longitudinal association of C-reactive protein (CRP) and lung function in a cohort of 18,110 men and women from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer in Norfolk who were 40-79 years of age at baseli...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt208
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation between body mass index expressed as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters cubed (weight (kg)/height (m3)) and plasma total cholesterol was assessed in a sample of 11,389 US schoolchildren, aged 5-18 years, between 1984 and 1989. Among whites and Hispanics, a statistically significant nonlinear ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115751
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Standardization procedures are commonly used to combine phenotype data that were measured using different instruments, but there is little information on how the choice of standardization method influences pooled estimates and heterogeneity. Heterogeneity is of key importance in meta-analyses of observational studies ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kww098
更新日期:2016-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although psychotropic drug use has been associated with increased risk of falls in long-term care settings; this association may be confounded by the high prevalence of dementia and depression and other fall risk factors. This question was addressed in a prospective cohort study of recurrent falls among 282 ambulatory...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117619
更新日期:1995-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to determine whether a less favorable risk factor pattern for cardiovascular disease among persons with impaired glucose tolerance could be explained by fasting insulin, obesity, and/or a central distribution of body fat. Between 1984 and 1988, cardiovascular risk factors were examined ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116575
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Familial resemblance in the blood pressure response to sodium restriction in normotensive persons was investigated. Forty-four families of identical twin children participated in a sodium restriction (less than or equal to 75 meq/day) protocol for a period of 12 weeks. Subjects were residents of central Indiana, and t...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114719
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cross-sectional study of the 979 nonsmoking women and men aged 20-29 years who participated in the Toronto Nutrigenomics and Health Study from 2004 to 2008 was conducted to determine the prevalence of serum ascorbic acid (vitamin C) deficiency and its association with markers of chronic disease in a population of yo...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp156
更新日期:2009-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::High prevalences of anencephaly and neural tube defects (NTDs) have recently been recorded for several Texas counties bordering Mexico. In addition, a few investigators have reported Hispanics to be at elevated risk for NTDs (anencephaly and spina bifida). Factors contributing to this risk have not been established. T...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008647
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Air Pollution and Health: a European Approach (APHEA) project is a coordinated study of the short-term effects of air pollution on mortality and hospital admissions using data from 15 European cities, with a wide range of geographic, sociodemographic, climatic, and air quality patterns. The objective of this paper...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009249
更新日期:1997-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Usual and acute alcohol consumption are important risk factors for injury. Although alcohol-dependent people are thought to be at increased risk of injury, there are few reports suggesting that their risk is greater than that of nondependent alcohol users in a given episode of alcohol use. The authors conducted a case...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwh073
更新日期:2004-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is diagnosed at a younger age and a more advanced stage in African-American women than in White women. The authors investigated the effects of several factors, including race, on stage of breast cancer in women aged 20-54 years living in Atlanta, Georgia, and diagnosed between 1990 and 1992. A total of 2...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwm177
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the Smokers and Nonsmokers Study, the authors investigated the feasibility of using random digit dialing telephone interviews to locate adults in the continental United States who were willing to provide DNA from buccal swabs through the mail. Interviews with 3,383 adults regarding their smoking-related behaviors (...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwf010
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1983 the relative validity of a retrospective dietary history method was assessed against a current dietary history taken seven years previously in 1976 and a second current dietary history taken in 1983. In total, 44 men and 58 women, aged 38 to 62 years, participated in the study. For energy intake and for most n...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114318
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-three residents of 12 contiguous Connecticut communities were identified who had the onset of erythema chronicum migrans, Lyme arthritis, or both during the summer and fall of 1977. Nine of them (21%) remembered having been bitten by a tick at the site of the initial skin lesion a median of 12 days (range 3-20) ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112625
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In anticipation of the sequencing of the human genome and description of the human proteome, the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-Reykjavik) was initiated in 2002. AGES-Reykjavik was designed to examine risk factors, including genetic susceptibility and gene/environment interaction, in relati...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwk115
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Larger body size in childhood is correlated with earlier age at menarche; whether birth and infant body size changes are also associated with age at menarche is less clear. The authors contacted female participants enrolled in the New York site of the US National Collaborative Perinatal Project born between 1959 and 1...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp095
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors examined the association between age at menarche, menstrual cycle characteristics between ages 28 and 32 years, and peri- and postmenopausal fracture risk in a cohort of 874 women who prospectively recorded menstrual cycle data for at least 5 years from their early 20s through their menopause. Fracture his...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009173
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the summer of 1975 an ongoing outbreak of conjunctivitis occurred among Vietnamese refugees temporarily housed at a U.S. mainland camp. Twenty-two per cent of surveyed refugees gave a history of the disease and 10% were documented as having clinical conjunctivitis at the time of the survey. Fifty-six per cent o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112482
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multisymptom illness is more prevalent in 1991 Gulf War veterans than in military comparison groups; less is known about comorbidities. The authors compared physical, psychological, and functional comorbidities in Australian male Gulf War I veterans with those in actively (non-Gulf) deployed and nondeployed military p...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp238
更新日期:2009-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentration, within its normal range, has recently been proposed as a reliable marker of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays a central pathogenic role in many metabolic and/or cardiovascular diseases, incidences of which have recently increased in South Korea. Since serum G...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwj006
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known the about the reproductive health of offspring after fertility treatment. In 2001-2005, the authors approached young Danish men attending a compulsory physical examination to determine their fitness for military service. A total of 1,925 men volunteered, delivered a semen sample, had a physical examina...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwk035
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plague (infection by Yersinia pestis) was present in Hawaii for the period 1899-1957 and caused at least 370 fatalities. The first infections came from immigrant commensal rats, probably Rattus rattus and Rattus norvegicus, on ships from the Orient. Both species were already established in Hawaii and became the widesp...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113745
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between cervix cancer and cigarette smoking was examined among 332 white cases and 1725 white controls. Cases were of lower socioeconomic status (SES) and smoked more than controls. After adjustment for both age and SES, no significant association was observed between cervix cancer and cigarette smokin...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112912
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to a higher incidence of dementia. Less is known about the association between SES and mortality in persons with dementia. We studied this association in a prospective cohort of 15,558 patients in the Netherlands between 2000 and 2010. SES was measured using disposable ho...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwv319
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extensive literature exists on potential risk factors for childhood asthma. To the authors' knowledge, no investigators have yet attempted to disentangle the effects of those determinants within a single study setting. The authors aimed to evaluate the independent effects of 47 potential determinants (from the prenata...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwn309
更新日期:2009-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The determinants of individuals changes in gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) were examined in 1,171 males and 1,267 females in Tromsø, Norway, according to a 7-year longitudinal design. The basis for the study was two comprehensive population surveys in 1979-1980 and 1986-1987. In both sexes, increase in GGT displayed a...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117075
更新日期:1994-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::The association between breast feeding and the risk of severe cholera was examined in a case-control study of rural Bangladeshi children under 36 months of age who were studied in 1985-1986 during a field trial of killed oral cholera vaccines. A total of 116 cases who were treated for severe cholera were compared with...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115515
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a retrospective study among 4,734 women who served in the US military in Vietnam (Vietnam cohort), 2,062 women who served in countries near Vietnam (near-Vietnam cohort), and 5,313 nondeployed US military women (US cohort) to evaluate the associations of mortality outcomes with Vietnam War service. Vetera...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwt319
更新日期:2014-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Childhood blood pressure (BP) is a strong predictor of later risk of cardiovascular disease. However, few studies have assessed dynamic BP trajectories throughout the early-life period. We investigated the relationship between early-life factors and systolic BP (SBP) from infancy to adolescence using linear spline mix...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwz181
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00