Abstract：
:Esophagogastroduodenoscopy is most commonly performed for evaluation of epigastric pain, severe heartburn, chronic nausea and other dyspepsia syndromes that are not relieved by medical therapy. It should not be performed as an in-office procedure in patients with unstable angina, respiratory failure, active upper gastrointestinal bleeding or hemodynamic instability. Although office esophagogastroduodenoscopy is safe for low-risk patients, the risks associated with anesthesia and the need for postprocedure observation may require other patients to undergo the procedure in a hospital setting. Use of a local anesthetic throat spray reduces the gag response that occurs when the endoscope is swallowed. Sedation is commonly achieved with intravenous administration of a benzodiazepine plus a narcotic, and the effects of these drugs can be rapidly reversed. Complications are rare and most frequently result from medications rather than from the procedure itself.
journal_name
Am Fam Physicianjournal_title
American family physicianauthors
Hocutt JE Jr,Rodney WM,Zurad EG,Tucker RS,Norris Tsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
109-16, 121-2issue
1eissn
0002-838Xissn
1532-0650journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Bordetella pertussis is a highly contagious bacterium known to cause pertussis (whooping cough) and is transmitted via airborne droplets. Although childhood vaccination has dramatically reduced reported pertussis cases, the incidence of the disease has increased over the past 20 years, most notably in previously immun...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dorsal penile nerve block with lidocaine is safe and effective for reducing the pain associated with newborn circumcision. Administering the anesthesia adds little time or expense to the overall routine. Complications are minor, limited to local bleeding and hematoma formation. Family physicians performing circumcisio...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a commonly performed procedure for the removal of symptomatic gallstones. Compared with open cholecystectomy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with less postoperative pain, earlier discharge from the hospital and a more rapid recovery. However, there are specific contraindicat...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myasthenia gravis is characterized by variable ocular and skeletal muscle weakness. Peak incidence is in young women and older men. Thymomas are present in 30 percent of myasthenic patients over age 40. Binding of acetylcholine receptors by IgG antibodies may be the mechanism of the neuromuscular disorder. Repetitive ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Respiratory difficulty is a common presenting complaint in the outpatient primary care setting. Because patients may first seek care by calling their physician's office, telephone triage plays a role in the early management of dyspnea. Once the patient is in the office, the initial goal of assessment is to determine t...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Life-threatening dermatologic conditions include Rocky Mountain spotted fever; necrotizing fasciitis; toxic epidermal necrolysis; and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is the most common rickettsial disease in the United States, with an overall mortality rate of 5 to 10 percent. Classic symptoms i...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A large number of drugs are introduced every year, and new interactions between medications are increasingly reported. Consequently, it is no longer practical for physicians to rely on memory alone to avoid potential drug interactions. Multiple drug regimens carry the risk of adverse interactions. Precipitant drugs mo...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening complication of psychopharmacologic drug therapy. The syndrome is produced most often by the concurrent use of two or more drugs that increase brainstem serotonin activity and is often unrecognized because of the varied and nonspecific nature of its symptomatology. ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ischemic heart disease is one of the most common disorders managed by family physicians. Stratifying patients according to risk is important early in the course of the disease to identify patients who require invasive (percutaneous or surgical) treatment. Physical examination, clinical history, noninvasive tests and a...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ganglioneuroblastoma, although a rare neoplasm, is one of the most common causes of posterior mediastinal masses in children. This tumor occurs in children from one to 10 years of age. With intrathoracic involvement, the tumor may remain asymptomatic until it is large. The case reported illustrates a typical presentat...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After the safety and the tolerable dosage range of a new drug have been determined, it must be evaluated for efficacy and safety in patients having the condition for which the new drug is intended. The nature of certain drugs or diseases of of the patient population desired may suggest a family physician as the best d...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Amputated or devascularized digits should be appropriately cooled as quickly as possible. The injured extremity is dressed, splinted and elevated. Careful selection of patients for replantation has yielded satisfying results to both patients and surgeons. Replantation is indicated for a thumb or multiple-digit amputat...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spondyloarthropathies include ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis (including Reiter's syndrome), psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthropathy, and undifferentiated spondyloarthropathy. These diseases are linked by their association with the HLA-B27 gene and by the presence ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2004-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:For centuries, chasteberry has been used to treat many hormone-related gynecologic conditions. The current literature supports the use of chasteberry for cyclical breast discomfort and premenstrual syndrome; data on its use for menstrual irregularities and fertility disorders are weak. Its traditional use as a galacta...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rheumatoid arthritis is a connective tissue disorder of unknown etiology that can involve any synovial-lined joint in the body. The most frequently involved joints are the small joints of the hands and feet, the wrists, knees and elbows, and the glenohumeral and acromioclavicular joints. The radiographic hallmarks of ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endometrial biopsy is a safe and efficient method to evaluate the endometrium for a variety of indications, most commonly abnormal uterine bleeding and postmenopausal bleeding. Endometrial biopsy is highly specific for diagnosing atypical hyperplasia and endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women. Pregnancy is the onl...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growth plate or physeal injuries are classified according to the zones of the physis that are affected and the disruption of bony structure. All physeal injuries should be reduced anatomically, particularly when an articular surface is involved. Inability to restore normal configuration can result in malunion, incongr...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary closure of intraoral wounds can be done up to 24 hours after the injury. A mucosal seal decreases the possibility of infection and allows the wound to heal more rapidly and less painfully than a wound left open to heal by secondary intention. Defects of the lips must be closed with exact alignment of the vermi...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prognosis remains poor for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), despite reduced mortality rates resulting from the addition of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors to traditional treatment regimens. Because much of the myocardial damage that occurs in patients with CHF may be related to sympathetic ac...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Use of a diaphragm plus spermicide provides effective protection against pregnancy in motivated women and decreases the risk for some sexually transmitted diseases. Potential risks of this contraceptive method include the development of urinary tract infections and the possible teratogenic effects of nonoxynol-9, the ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite an 80 to 90 percent success rate in removing common bile duct stones, this technique has yet to receive universal acceptance in the United States. Originally developed for retained or newly formed common bile duct stones in patients with previous cholecystectomy, the procedure is now also used to remove common...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because the prevalence of urinary incontinence increases with age, a working knowledge of the diagnosis and treatment of the various types of urinary incontinence is fundamental to the care of women. As the population of the United States ages, primary care physicians can expect to see an increasing number of patients...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infections in children are sometimes associated with vesicoureteral reflux, which can lead to renal scarring if it remains unrecognized. Since the risk of renal scarring is greatest in infants, any child who presents with a urinary tract infection prior to toilet training should be evaluated for the pres...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic folliculitis affecting intertriginous areas. Onset generally occurs in young adulthood to middle adulthood (18 to 39 years of age). Females and blacks are more than twice as likely to be affected. Additional risk factors include family history, smoking, and obesity. Hidradenitis s...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colonic angiodysplasia is now recognized as a frequent cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients over age 55. These microvascular arteriovenous malformations may be as common a cause of colonic bleeding as diverticular disease. The lesions are not evident on barium studies. Even colonoscopy and selective colonic ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteopetrosis is a hereditary disorder in which pathologic alteration of osteoclast resorption of bone results in thickening of cortical and lamellar bone. Before bone marrow transplantation, the infantile recessive form was uniformly fatal within the first two decades of life as a result of invasion of the marrow spa...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smell and taste disorders can be challenging to diagnose because of the large number of potential etiologies. Patients are often unable to provide a clear history of symptoms, because they frequently cannot distinguish between difficulties with smell and taste. Standardized questionnaires may be helpful in diagnosis. ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2013-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Virology has become an increasingly important field of medicine in the past decade. Many infectious diseases that were once of unknown etiology can now be linked to the specific viral pathogen. New methods for diagnosing and treating viral diseases are being developed. In addition, antiviral therapy or prophylaxis is ...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because of the increasing popularity of recreational scuba diving, primary care physicians should be familiar with common diving injuries. One form of barotrauma, middle ear squeeze, is the most common diving injury. Other important diving injuries include inner ear barotrauma and pulmonary barotrauma. Arterial gas em...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rational use of psychoactive drugs in frail elderly patients requires an understanding of the physiologic changes produced by aging and chronic disease. Other drugs being used and the patient's nutritional status and lifestyle also must be considered. Affective disorders and thought disorders may be effectively treate...
journal_title：American family physician
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
