Abstract:
:The kinetic and dynamic disposition of endo- and ectoparasiticides in livestock in relation to development of resistance is examined. Based on the modes of action of antiparasitic drugs, maximum activity necessitates that the parasite be exposed to 'toxic' concentrations for as great a duration as possible. In contrast, exposure to non-lethal discriminating drug concentrations has a significant potential to promote the development of resistance. Orally administered anthelmintics quickly associate with particulate digesta in the rumen; their subsequent desorption from particulate matter as it vacates the rumen maintains the duration of metabolite availability. The flow rate of digesta increases with feed intake and the presence of gastrointestinal parasites, and together with other parasite-induced physiological changes to the gut, contributes to reduced duration of drug availability. The potential for orally administered drugs to bypass the rumen, due to closure of the oesophageal groove, exacerbates the effect. Once absorbed, the metabolite concentration with time profile progressively decreases, the rate depending upon the chemical nature of the drug and the type and condition of the host into which it was administered. The greater hepatic activity of goats speeds drug elimination, the lower dose equivalent availability increases the potential for generation of drug resistance in parasites of goats as compared to sheep. Parasites whose resistance is generated in goats may be then transferred to sheep. Similar distribution/elimination kinetics apply to topically administered insecticides of sheep. The progressively reducing concentrations expose ectoparasites to discriminating drug levels, again contributing to the development of resistance. It is anticipated that a greater understanding of the physiological/pharmacological effects which are described in this review will permit the more efficient use of existing and future antiparasitic drugs.
journal_name
Acta Tropjournal_title
Acta tropicaauthors
Hennessy DRdoi
10.1016/0001-706x(94)90059-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-03-01 00:00:00pages
125-41issue
2-3eissn
0001-706Xissn
1873-6254pii
0001-706X(94)90059-0journal_volume
56pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
ACTA TROPICA文献大全abstract::The structure of the Phlebotomine sand fly community from the Venezuelan Andes was studied using null-model tests. The analyses, at the living zones and altitudes scales, revealed C-scores larger than those expected by random, independently of the collection technique (P < 0.05). These results imply that sand fly spec...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2004.08.001
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chagas disease is a tropical parasitic disease endemic to Latin America which affects more than 10 million people, and kills more than 15,000 people each year. This condition, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is principally transmitted by kissing bugs (Triatominae). In Bolivia, recent reports by the...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.10.005
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chagas disease is a major unsolved health issue in Latin America and an emerging threat worldwide. New drugs are urgently needed for chemotherapy as those available (benznidazole and nifurtimox) have variable efficacy and elevated toxicity. Efforts are actually oriented to improve tools and technologies (e.g. transgen...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.08.004
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the adulticide susceptibility and yearly changes of Anopheles maculipennis Meigen (Diptera: Culicidae) in Thrace, five mosquito populations were evaluated against the resistance status of four different adulticides. Three biochemical resistance mechanisms and yearly changes of activities were investigated....
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.02.020
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microtus fortis is a naturally resistant vertebrate host of Schistosoma japonicum by preventing completion of parasite's life cycle. Sera of M. fortis were found to have anti-schistosome effect in vitro and in vivo. In order to identify genes associated with the anti-schistosome effect of M. fortis, we screened a M. f...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.03.007
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on conserved active site residues, we have isolated a cDNA encoding an aspartic protease from the nematode parasite Strongyloides stercoralis, an important, enteric pathogen of humans. cDNAs encoding the aspartic protease were isolated from the infective, third stage larv...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(98)00050-3
更新日期:1998-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Leishmania donovani promastigote glycoconjugate ligands, studied in our laboratory, that interact with the internalization receptors on BALB/c macrophages: the 'fucose mannose ligand' (FML), the 'phosphate mannogalactan ligand' (PMGL), and the 'lipopeptidephosphoglycan' (LPPD), interfered also with interaction between...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0001-706x(93)90006-w
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the last 20 years a great advance has been observed in many aspects of medicine, and the advent of novel imaging techniques is certainly amongst the most important. In schistosomiasis these new methods caused a revolution in the definition of the clinical forms of the disease and in the evaluation of its complica...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.07.009
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mosquitocidal activity of fractions and a compound niloticin from the hexane extract of Limonia acidissima L. leaves on eggs, larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae). In these bioassays, the eggs, larvae and pupae were exposed to concentrations of 2.5,...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.002
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomiasis is a neglected disease caused by helminth flatworms of the genus Schistosoma, affecting over 240 million people in more than 70 countries. The treatment relies on a single drug, praziquantel, making urgent the discovery of new compounds. Aurones are a natural type of flavonoids that display interesting...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105741
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the potential of eriosematin E (ECM) isolated from the roots of Eriosema chinense against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) induced diarrhoea. ECM isolated from the bioactive chloroform fraction of E. chinense was subjected to antidiarrhoeal evaluation on ...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.02.025
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The benzimidazole derivative, 6-chloro-5-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-2-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-benzimidazole (RCB15), has a similar mode of action and efficacy as albendazole, a commonly used anthelminthic drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate its influence on the tricarboxylic acid cycle in Taenia crassiceps cysticerci...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105254
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Brazil, there are near 20 genera and almost 120 species of scorpions of which 95% reproduce sexually. Parthenogenetic reproduction, however, may also take place. To gain insight into useful molecular markers in parthenogenetic scorpion species, we studied DNA polymorphism using two molecular approaches: simple sequ...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2009.07.002
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mixed viral infections are ubiquitous in natural populations and may have significant but unpredictable biological and epidemiological consequences. These infections may be acquired simultaneously (coinfection) or result from two single infections at different time intervals (superinfection). This study investigated t...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.10.016
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoon Toxoplasma gondii that can infect almost all warm-blooded hosts including horses and humans. Horse meat is one of the most important meat products for human consumption. However, data on seroprevalence of T. gondii in horses intended for human consumption in Northern China is s...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.07.030
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychodopygus wellcomei (Diptera: Psychodidae), vector of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis - causative agent of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Brazil, cannot be distinguished from sympatric P. complexus either by morphometrics or isoenzyme profiles. We report here the use of cuticular hydrocarbon analysis in the succe...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2009, a survey was conducted in Reunion Island to determine the renal leptospiral load in black rats trapped in the field. The concentration of leptospires in kidney tissue was calculated using qPCR. Our results showed high inter-individual variations of renal bacterial load in naturally infected black rats (mean=8...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.11.011
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis is a neglected parasitic zoonosis with significant economic and public health impacts. Control measures can be broadly grouped into community health education, improvements in hygiene and sanitary conditions, proper meat handling at household and community level, improved standard...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.04.010
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mectizan (Ivermectin) has been proved to be central to the control of onchoceriasis through self-sustainable community-based treatment. The possibility of parasitological unresponsiveness to this treatment or selection for drug resistance has emerged recently in many occasions. The reason for the reduced ability of Me...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(02)00117-1
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benzimidazoles, including albendazole and mebendazole, are the major drugs for clinical chemotherapy of echinococcosis. They mainly exert parasitostatic effects depending on high dosages for long-term. Previous studies have identified carbazole aminoalcohols as novel anti-CE (cystic echinococcosis) agents. However, it...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.05.007
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::By using the criteria that define emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) of humans, we can identify a similar group of EIDs in wildlife. In the current review we highlight an important series of wildlife EIDs: amphibian chytridiomycosis; diseases of marine invertebrates and vertebrates and two recently-emerged viral zoon...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(00)00179-0
更新日期:2001-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to evaluate the temporal patterns of dengue incidence from 2001 to 2014 and forecast for 2015 in two Brazilian cities. We analysed dengue surveillance data (SINAN) from Recife, 1.6 million population, and Goiania, 1.4 million population. We used Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2018.03.006
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine cryptosporidiosis is mainly caused by four distinct species: Cryptosporidium parvum, C. bovis, C. ryanae and C. andersoni. The first, C. parvum, is a major concern in livestock causing economic losses, in addition to public health impact because of its zoonotic characteristics. The present study aimed to determ...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.002
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::While horizontal transmission (human-mosquito-human) of dengue viruses largely determines the epidemiology of the disease, vertical transmission (infected female mosquito- infected offspring) has been suggested as a mechanism that ensures maintenance of the virus during adverse conditions for horizontal transmission t...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.07.012
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biological control of schistosomiasis has already proven its efficiency in several habitats in the Caribbean area. Two main types of biological control agents, either trematode parasites or competitor snails have been studied and tested against the snail hosts of schistosomiasis in this region. The first one, Ribe...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(00)00123-6
更新日期:2000-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::A monomorphic strain of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (EATRO 110) was cultured as long slender bloodstream forms in vitro for 24 h with 100 microM Eflornithine HCl. This resulted in depletion of intracellular putrescine, a greater than 50% decrease in spermidine, and a cessation of cell division. These Eflornithine treate...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0001-706x(93)90076-n
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey was undertaken between November 1994 and January 1995 to assess the knowledge and practice with respect to malaria of 1946 randomly selected households in endemic urban and rural areas of Hormozgan, Kerman and Sistan and Baluchistan Provinces, southeast Iran. Knowledge of inhabitants was relatively poor in th...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0001-706x(96)00609-2
更新日期:1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria is transmitted by Plasmodium parasites through the bite of female Anopheles mosquitoes. One of the most important mosquito vectors in the Greater Mekong Subregion is Anopheles dirus. This study reports RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) transcriptome analysis of An. dirus at 18 hours and 7 days after a P. vivax-infected...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105502
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the diversity and distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing units (DTU) in Triatoma infestans populations and its association with local vector-borne transmission levels at various geographic scales. At a local scale, we found high predominance (92.4%) of TcVI over TcV in 68 microscope-positive T. ...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.014
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence for the phenomenon of multiple drug resistance (MDR) in the well studied pathogenic protozoa has been examined. This has been placed in the more familiar context of the MDR efflux transporters and the cloned mdr genes of mammalian cells. Homologues of the mdr gene family in protozoa and their possible role in...
journal_title:Acta tropica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0001-706x(94)90063-9
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00