Abstract：
BACKGROUND:The purpose of this paper is to establish the reliability and validity of a neighborhood-level measure of active living potential by applying principles of ecometrics. METHODS:Following a 3-day training session, observers (n =8) were provided with a map of a predetermined walking route constructed through the joining of ten randomly selected street blocks. Then, using an 18-item observation grid, pairs of observers performed ratings of 112 neighborhoods. Resulting observations produced a hierarchically structured data set including 4032 observations nested within observers, which in turn were nested within neighborhoods. Data from the 2001 Canadian census were linked to the neighborhood data. RESULTS:Application of ecometric multilevel modeling analyses showed that once interitem and interobserver variability were statistically controlled, about one third of the variability in observations were at the between-neighborhood level. Reliability estimates were 0.78 for items measuring activity-friendliness, 0.76 for safety, and 0.83 for density of destinations. Assessment of the convergent validity of the instrument identified that safety of the environment was positively associated with neighborhood affluence. Density of destinations was negatively associated with affluence and positively associated with higher proportions of persons in the neighborhood walking to work. CONCLUSIONS:The three dimensions of the neighborhood active-living potential measure have good reliability and convergent validity and are able to capture between neighborhood differences. Measurement characteristics would have been difficult to ascertain without the ecometrics methodology.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Gauvin L,Richard L,Craig CL,Spivock M,Riva M,Forster M,Laforest S,Laberge S,Fournel MC,Gagnon H,Gagné S,Potvin Ldoi
10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.029subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-02-01 00:00:00pages
126-33issue
2 Suppl 2eissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607pii
S0749-3797(04)00309-5journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract：CONTEXT:Recent data suggest that the onset of cigarette smoking is now more likely during young adulthood than adolescence. Additionally, the landscape of delivering smoking-cessation interventions has changed in the past decade, with the emergence of mobile phone and web-based approaches. The objective of this study i...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.021
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:For the first time, in 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices encouraged the vaccination of healthy children 6 to 23 months against influenza, whenever feasible. Participating inner-city health centers designed interventions to introduce influenza vaccination among this group of children. The...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2005.05.010
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Identification of modifiable risk factors for suicidal behaviors is a priority for the U.S. Army. This study investigated associations of nicotine dependence with suicidal behaviors among incoming soldiers. METHODS:Lifetime DSM-IV nicotine dependence, mental disorders, suicidal behaviors, and their ages o...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2018.09.016
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The disparity in health status between black and white Americans exists chiefly because of an excess of preventable disease in blacks. This situation calls for an increase in preventive services for blacks, services which might best be implemented or directed by black specialists in preventive medicine. However, there...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Few U.S. adolescents meet physical activity guidelines. Although several neighborhood characteristics influence physical activity, the role of food-related features as potential drivers of adolescent physical activity remains understudied. Using representative U.S. data, authors examined the effect of the ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2019.01.008
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Enjoyment has been implicated as a determinant of physical activity among youth, but advances in understanding its importance have been limited by the use of measures that were not adequately validated. The present study examined: (1) the factorial validity of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), a...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00326-9
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Over the last few years an increasing number of studies investigating the association between the physical environment and physical activity have been published. Many reviews have also summarized this emerging body of research, and such review papers are frequently used by public health policymakers and rese...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2007.01.020
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most major medical organizations recommend routine screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers. Screening can lead to early detection of these cancers, resulting in reduced mortality. Yet not all people who should be screened are screened, either regularly or, in some cases, ever. This report presents resul...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2008.04.008
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of our study was to determine the effects of prescribed rates of breast self-examination (BSE) on reported frequency of BSE per year. Fifty-one women were divided at random into three groups: a weekly prescription, every-two-weeks prescription, and monthly prescription. All women were trained to competence...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Dietary protein comes from foods with greatly different compositions that may not relate equally with mortality risk. Few cohort studies from non-Western countries have examined the association between various dietary protein sources and cause-specific mortality. Therefore, the associations between dietary...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2016.10.041
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are a major contributor to children's added sugar consumption. This study examines whether children's SSB and water intakes are associated with diet quality and total energy intake. METHODS:Using data on children aged 2-18 years from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutri...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2017.11.005
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Public screening for elevated blood cholesterol has become a common practice, supported by national recommendations. However, little is known about the response to referral for medical follow-up of those found to have high cholesterol levels. During a one-year period, 424 adults from a population-based screening and e...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased public and private investments in large-scale team science initiatives over the past two decades have underscored the need to better understand how contextual factors influence the effectiveness of transdisciplinary scientific collaboration. Toward that goal, the findings from four distinct areas of research...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2008.05.003
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Transgender people experience significant interpersonal and structural discrimination and stigma. However, little is known about the health of transgender people, and even less about the health of specific groups-including male-to-female, female-to-male, and gender-nonconforming transgender populations-des...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2018.04.045
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Environmental and policy approaches to promote physical activity, such as walking trail construction and promotion, are being widely recommended, yet sparse data exist on their effectiveness. In conjunction with ongoing community-intervention projects in Missouri, walking trails are being built, promoted, ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00165-8
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Public health research on cancer and socioeconomic status (SES) has shown that higher SES is related to greater access to services. Using neighborhood-level measures of SES, we test hypotheses related to stage of breast and cervical cancer diagnosis. METHODS:SEER data on women diagnosed with breast or cer...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Although numerous studies have suggested that lifestyle-related factors are associated with chronic diseases and preventable deaths, limited evidence is available for the Chinese population. METHODS:This study established a prospective cohort of >360,000 residents on the basis of the Yinzhou Health Inform...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2020.01.029
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Sedentary behaviors (including sitting) may increase mortality risk independently of physical activity level. Little is known about how fidgeting behaviors might modify the association. METHODS:Data were from the United Kingdom (UK) Women's Cohort Study. In 1999-2002, a total of 12,778 women (aged 37-78 y...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2015.06.025
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The body of research on social determinants of health is rapidly accumulating. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force is conducting evaluations to consider the inclusion of screening and counseling for social risks as a clinical preventive service. Yet, for many social risks, evidence is still likely needed before th...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2019.07.013
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the U.S.; however, if the population aged 50 years or older received routine screening, approximately 60% of these deaths could be eliminated. This study investigates whether adults, aged 50-75 years, with one of three disabilities ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2017.01.005
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Unintentional poisoning deaths have been increasing dramatically over the past decade, and the majority of this increase has resulted from overdoses of specific prescription drugs. Despite this trend, there are limited existing data examining hospitalizations for poisonings, both unintentional and intentiona...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2010.01.022
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recently, suicide exceeded motor vehicle crashes as the leading cause of injury death in the U.S. However, details of this change in suicide methods and the relationship to individual demographics, such as age and societal influences, have not been reported. PURPOSE:To determine the characteristics of the c...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2012.10.010
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Suicide is a major public health problem and a complex clinical challenge. Assessment and early identification could be enhanced with screening tools that look beyond depression. The purpose of this study was to identify profiles of risk behaviors and social stress associated with suicidal ideation and beh...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2017.02.020
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The rapid increase in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) smoking among U.S. youth requires data regarding the age pattern of initiation risk for effective tobacco use prevention. METHODS:Data from the 2014 National Youth Tobacco Survey (N=20,680, aged 11-19 years, 50.6% male) were analyzed using survival ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2017.02.011
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Health care provider encouragement for particular preventive behaviors is associated with patient adherence, but it is unclear whether a provider's overall prevention approach influences whether patients engage in recommended preventive measures. We examined whether older women who perceived that their healt...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(00)00184-7
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Although sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause tremendous health and economic burdens in our society, awareness and knowledge regarding STDs remain poor among health care providers. To examine missed opportunities for STD-related counseling, diagnosis and treatment, we investigated how frequently U.S. a...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00139-7
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:To provide up-to-date substance use surveillance data among U.S. military veterans versus nonveterans, this study assesses current use of tobacco products, alcohol, marijuana, prescription pain relievers, tranquilizers, sedatives, stimulants, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamines, inhalants, and hallucinogens....
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2020.04.027
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our objective was to evaluate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk-factor assessment and counseling behavior in 86 medical house staff and to ascertain the effect of question format (closed versus open) on reported physician behaviors. We designed a cross-sectional survey using a self-report questionnaire; we recei...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity is recognized as a risk factor for multiple chronic diseases. Yet, it is unclear whether obesity is also associated with an increased risk of nonfatal unintentional injury. METHODS:A population-based survey was conducted among adults aged > or = 18 years from January 1999 through October 2000. The r...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2005.03.013
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calls for more public health education for medical students date back at least 150 years. In recent years, medical schools have increased their required coursework in core public health topics such as epidemiology, biostatistics, and behavioral determinants of health. Some schools have created more in-depth alternativ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2011.06.020
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
