Abstract：
:The study objective was to compare blood pressure (BP) measurement by the Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Comparison of simultaneous 'blind' BP measurements were made using the Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer linked by a Y-connector to a single cuff, in the general practice and office environments. Sixty five healthy volunteers and general practice patients, aged between 20 and 50 years (SBP range 82-184 mm Hg, DBP range 38-112 mm Hg), were studied. Each had three blood pressure measurements taken. Mean BPs recorded by the Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer were lower than those recorded by the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. The Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer underestimated SBP by 1.3 mm Hg (95% CI 0.9-1.8 mm Hg) and DBP by 1.7 mm Hg (95% CI 1.1-2.3 mm Hg). These differences between instruments were independent of BP level both for systolic and diastolic measurements. An overview including this study and six other published reports describing nine studies examining the performance of the Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer suggested a similar degree of underestimation for SBP (mean difference 1.35 mm Hg, 95% CI 1.24-1.46 mm Hg). Underestimation of DBP appeared greater (mean difference 2.54 mm Hg, 95% CI 2.43-2.65 mm Hg) but was reduced when two outlying studies were removed from analysis (mean 1.97, 95% CI 1.85-2.09 mm Hg). We conclude that the Hawksley random-zero sphygmomanometer underestimates systolic and diastolic pressure, when compared with the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. However, the degree of underestimation is small and appears consistent across a wide range of blood pressure levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
J Hum Hypertensjournal_title
Journal of human hypertensionauthors
Mackie A,Whincup P,McKinnon Msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-05-01 00:00:00pages
337-43issue
5eissn
0950-9240issn
1476-5527journal_volume
9pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:In view of the concern regarding the potential risks and benefits of sodium restriction, the effect on biochemical and orthostatic responses from a moderate reduction in sodium intake in elderly persons that is sufficient to lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) was examined. Seventeen hypertensive subjects aged 65-79 y...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1000436
更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the study was to determine trends in age-specific blood pressure (BP) distribution and hypertension prevalence in an urban Indian population. In successive hypertension epidemiological studies (1995 and 2002), randomly selected 2212 subjects (1412 men, 797 women) in the first and 1123 subjects (550 me...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1001588
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of populations or communities with no rise in blood pressure (BP) with advancing age and low prevalence of hypertension, may provide aetiological clues on the cause of hypertension. Within westernised societies, low blood pressures have been reported amongst chronic psychiatric in-patients and closed order sec...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1000853
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coronary heart disease (CHD) is still relatively uncommon in the black population of South Africa. We embarked on a study to determine the prevalence of risk factors leading to CHD in the black population of Durban. The study sample was selected from patients attending a dental clinic at a hospital. A total of 458 Zul...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychosocial work environments may adversely influence blood pressure, but the benefits of altering these factors and introducing coping resources is unclear. We examined whether changing work stressors and coping resources affect the risk of hypertension and elevated BP. A total of 13,145 workers from the Occupationa...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/jhh.2016.79
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Altitude affects blood pressure (BP) depending on duration and absolute altitude of exposure. Until now changes in BP during exposure to altitude were studied only in Caucasians. It is not known whether BP is affected differently in black and white people in response to altitude. During a 6-day climb on Kilimanjaro, B...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1000468
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The European Arteriosclerosis Study (EARS) was designed to identify variables which discriminate subjects with a paternal history of premature coronary heart disease (CHD) from controls and to study the distribution of these variables across Europe. In this article we report on the blood pressure (BP) data. ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs (beta-blockers) first came into clinical use 25 years ago. Initially, propranolol was the only beta-blocker available but a number of others, similar in chemical composition and action, became available in the following 10 years. Most blocked both beta 1- and beta 2-receptors and diffe...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with severe hypertension (>180/110 mm Hg) require large blood pressure (BP) reductions to reach recommended treatment goals (<140/90 mm Hg) and usually require combination therapy to do so. This 8-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study compared the tolerability and antihypertensive ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1002220
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nineteen patients with essential hypertension on regular treatment with nifedipine tablets 20 mg twice daily and whose DBP was < 95 mmHg on at least two occasions two weeks apart were entered in a double-blind randomised crossover study of three weeks treatment with nifedipine coat core (new formulation) either as 30 ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ambulatory blood pressure variability (ABPV) is a predictor of cardiovascular risk in hypertensives. Factors that contribute to ABPV are not well described. This pilot study aimed to investigate the relationship between ABPV and urine catecholamine metabolites in order to rationalise further therapeutic intervention i...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/jhh.2014.23
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High dietary salt is a major contributor to increased blood pressure, the leading risk for death worldwide. In several countries, national programmes to reduce dietary salt have been implemented with leadership and involvement of hypertension experts. Other hypertension experts may be interested in assisting or leadin...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/jhh.2011.25
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both trandolapril and verapamil are effective and widely used antihypertensive agents. The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy and tolerability of trandolapril/verapamil (Tr/Ve) combination for blood pressure control and renoprotection. PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library were searched for relevant studies....
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1038/jhh.2010.60
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is an important circulating serine protease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) metabolism. Increased plasma PCSK9 levels lead to increased plasma levels of LDL-C and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). LDL-C is positively correlated with ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/jhh.2017.56
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of the renin-angiotensin system both systemically and locally seems to be of importance for cardiovascular hypertrophy and remodelling. The octapeptide angiotensin II definitively plays a central role. In the reversal, for example, of left ventricular hypertrophy, so far the most important independent risk ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Elevated visit-to-visit blood pressure variability (BPV), independent of mean BP, has been associated with cardiovascular events. However, its impact after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has not been established. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of BPV on patients after STEMI. We analy...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41371-019-0176-0
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been shown in animal experiments that angiotensin II and aldosterone have mitogenic effects on the cardiovascular system, whereas atrial natriuretic peptide has antimitogenic properties. The aim of the present study was to relate plasma renin activity, angiotensin II, aldosterone and atrial natriuretic peptide ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1000590
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevention and treatment of hypertension both from the viewpoint of individual patient care and in terms of population health presents a considerable challenge to the medical profession. To assist in meeting this challenge, various bodies have produced guidelines for the management of hypertension during the past ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1001072
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is a common and potentially serious disease and accurate measurement of blood pressure (BP) is important for its diagnosis and management. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge of hospital staff on the basic principles of BP measurement. Consultants, junior doctors and nurses in a large teachi...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1000480
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the introduction of the aldosterone/renin ratio as a screening test, the detection rate of primary aldosteronism has increased considerably. Nevertheless, no consensus has so far been reached regarding the cutoff points, operating characteristics or indeed even the reference values for reporting the aldosterone/r...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1002024
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prediction of risk profile trends associated with non-communicable diseases in developing countries is among the greatest global health challenges. The aim of this study is to estimate prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Dakar (Senegal). This study was carried out between January and Ju...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/jhh.2013.142
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium-lithium countertransport activity has been proposed as a marker for hypertension and is lower in black compared to Caucasian subjects both with and without vascular disease. The question arises of what is the primary kinetic locus of the altered behaviour of the countertransporter in black subjects and whether ...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1000555
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To evaluate ethnic differences in cerebral circulation, an index of carotid vascular resistance (RI) was determined by continuous wave Doppler ultrasound. Validation of the index resulted from a significant correlation between RI and carotid vascular resistance obtained from direct measurement of blood pressure and ca...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Established essential hypertension is characterised haemodynamically by a normal cardiac output and elevated total peripheral resistance. As hypertensive cardiovascular disease progresses, and the patient grows older, cardiac output falls and total peripheral resistance is further elevated. The activity of the renin-a...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion equal to 30-300 mg/24 h) is a reliable indicator of premature cardiovascular mortality in diabetic patients and in the general population. In insulin-dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus microalbuminuria is a marker of initial diabetic nephropathy and predic...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1001348
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigates socioeconomic differences in prevalence, awareness, control and self-management of hypertension in rural China. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among four ethnic minority groups in Yunnan Province: Na Xi, Li Shu, Dai and Jing Po. Approximately 5532 consenting individuals aged ⩾35 years (...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/jhh.2016.87
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood pressure (BP) during siesta declines to levels similar to those of night time sleep. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of siesta on 24-h ambulatory BP (ABP) data. Two different approaches were employed for the definition of day and night periods: (1) actual patient reported day and night interv...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.jhh.1000383
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Consistent reports indicate that hypertension is a particularly common finding in black populations. Hypertension occurs at younger ages and is often more severe in terms of blood pressure levels and organ damage than in whites, resulting in a higher incidence of cardiovascular disease and mortality. This review provi...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/jhh.2017.18
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the epidemiologist, the development of any new therapy or strategy must respond to the following three questions: does a need exist? Is there a new way of meeting that need? Can a valid assessment be made of the efficacy of the new therapy? New antihypertensive treatments or strategies are needed, even in 1994: in...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although 24-h urine collection is widely considered the 'gold standard' for estimation of population sodium intake, spot urine collection is increasingly used as a convenient and affordable alternative. We used four published formulae to convert spot urine sodium into estimates of 24-h sodium excretion in order to est...
journal_title：Journal of human hypertension
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/jhh.2014.10
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
