Abstract:
:Studies of populations or communities with no rise in blood pressure (BP) with advancing age and low prevalence of hypertension, may provide aetiological clues on the cause of hypertension. Within westernised societies, low blood pressures have been reported amongst chronic psychiatric in-patients and closed order secluded nuns. To investigate factors associated with BP in chronic psychiatric in-patients, we surveyed the BP and lifestyle factors in 89 such subjects in low security wards in three psychiatric hospitals. The average age of examines was 48.1 years (s.d. 15.8) and the patients had been in hospital for a mean of 8.6 years (range 1.1 to 51.7 years). The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures of this group were 122.0 mm Hg (s.d. 14.2) and 76.9 mm Hg (s.d. 8.5) respectively. This was lower than pressures obtained when they were admitted to hospital (mean systolic BP change -17.1 mm Hg (s.d. 14), paired t-test P < 0.001; mean diastolic BP change -3.7 mm Hg (s.d. 12.2), paired t-test P < 0.001). BP at examination was significantly correlated with the urinary sodium to creatinine ratio (r = 0.302, P = 0.027), but not with the urinary sodium or potassium concentrations or potassium/creatinine ratio. The change in mean systolic BP (that is, the difference in BP between admission and examination) was significantly correlated with sodium/creatinine ratio (r = 0.62, P < 0.0001), urinary sodium concentration (r = 0.27, P = 0.045) and urinary sodium/potassium ratio (r = 0.36, P = 0.008). No relationship was found between BP and the nature of the psychiatric diagnosis or the type of psychotropic medication that was being prescribed. Stepwise multiple regression demonstrated that urinary sodium creatinine ratio and age were predictive of the change in systolic BP since admission to hospital. Our study confirms previous observations of lower mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures in chronic psychiatric subjects after a long in-patient stay. This fall is related to a low urine sodium excretion and suggests that a low dietary sodium intake may, in part, account for the low BP, or the difference between BP in the stressed and relaxed state, seen in these patients.
journal_name
J Hum Hypertensjournal_title
Journal of human hypertensionauthors
Lip GY,Douglas M,Gupta A,Beevers DGdoi
10.1038/sj.jhh.1000853subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-07-01 00:00:00pages
461-6issue
7eissn
0950-9240issn
1476-5527journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::It has been suggested that the deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotype may be important in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In order to test this hypothesis we investigated the interaction between blood pressure (BP), LVH and ACE genotype in 86 previously untreat...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000491
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arterial compliance, assessed by the ratio of stroke volume to pulse pressure, and baroreceptor sensitivity (Oxford method), were determined in ten patients with essential hypertension, treated with placebo or indapamide (2.5 mg/day), in a cross-over, single blind study. After three months of therapy, mean arterial pr...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrocardiograph (ECG) criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) are a widely used clinical tool. We recalibrated six ECG criteria for LVH against gold-standard cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and assessed the impact of obesity. One hundred and fifty consecutive tertiary hypertension clinic referrals for CMR ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/jhh.2015.58
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence, awareness and control of hypertension are important epidemiological research topics worldwide. The screening of hypertension in a workplace has some special aspects. We have screened the employees in a Hungarian salami factory (Pick Salami Factory, Szeged, Hungary) for hypertensives. In a cross-section...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001723
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work examines the association between hypertension and hypothyroidism in geriatric patients seen at a primary care medical office. One hundred and twenty-two geriatric patients with elevated thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were selected for the study. An equal number of euthyroid geriatric individuals we...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000799
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The C(-344)T promoter polymorphism of the human aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) gene has been associated with hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy, but there were contrasting data. We analysed the genotype/phenotype associations between this polymorphism and cardiovascular variables in a young adult population, where i...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001619
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a strong association between cigarette smoking and accelerated hypertension. In mild hypertension smoking cigarettes has a distinct pressor effect and caffeine a small but more prolonged pressor action. Coffee and cigarette smoking together have an additive effect on blood pressure (BP). We have examined the ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate ethnic differences in cerebral circulation, an index of carotid vascular resistance (RI) was determined by continuous wave Doppler ultrasound. Validation of the index resulted from a significant correlation between RI and carotid vascular resistance obtained from direct measurement of blood pressure and ca...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A random sample of 200 East Anglian general practitioners was surveyed to establish current trends in the management of hypertension, including measurement of blood pressure (BP), patient investigation, treatment and follow-up. A total of 125 (62.5%) completed questionnaires was returned. Responses were used to assess...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Chinese Hypertension Intervention Efficacy Study (CHIEF) is a multi-centre randomized controlled clinical trial comparing the effects of amlodipine+angiotensin II receptor blocker and amlodipine+diuretics on the incidence of cardiovascular events, represented as a composite of non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardia...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1038/jhh.2010.45
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of the direct renin inhibitor aliskiren in hypertension is not fully established and use of aliskiren in diabetic patients is especially controversial. A systematic review investigating both short-term diastolic and systolic blood pressure (DBP and SBP) reduction and long-term cardiovascular outcomes has not ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/s41371-018-0149-8
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The case of a young woman presenting with a renin-secreting soft tissue sarcoma is described. The primary extrarenal tumour as well as metastatic disease were associated with severe hypertension and both required surgical treatment. The location of these rare malignant tumours and their association with renin-dependen...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A blood pressure recording is strictly speaking only relevant for the circumstances under which it is measured. There is increasing evidence that ambulatory recordings have more predictive power than casual BP recordings and are a better discriminator between high and low risk groups of patients, particularly within t...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few studies have investigated the presence of dyslipidaemia in hypertensive individuals. In addition, few data exist on the concurrent treatment of both conditions for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This retrospective cohort study examined treatment patterns for hypertension and dyslipidaemia among hy...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1002249
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An association of obesity and hypertension is well recognised and there is a direct positive relationship between body weight or body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP), although the mechanisms responsible for weight-related increases of BP are still unknown. Obesity does appear to be an independent risk factor ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This meta-analysis attempted to derive pooled estimates for the putative association between echocardiographic or electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy and the deletion/insertion (D/I) polymorphism of the angiotensin-I converting enzyme. Case-control studies were combined, using the Mantel and Haenszel app...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001055
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between different antihypertensive drug regimens and plasma lipid levels in the general population. METHODS:The Monitoring Project on Cardiovascular Risk Factors was conducted from 1987 to 1991 as a cross-sectional study in The Netherlands. Antihypertensive drug-users and untreated ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001197
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared haemodynamic and humoral responses to nifedipine and nilvadipine in 25 elderly hypertensives. The study had a single-blind crossover design. Doppler flowmetry and laboratory examinations were performed before and after nifedipine and nilvadipine. Both nifedipine and nilvadipine significantly reduced mean a...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the influence of a family history of hypertension and the degree of obesity as indicated by tertiles of body mass index on ambulatory blood pressure (BP) values in large number (n = 406) of young mild essential hypertensives. Positive family history of hypertension was asso...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::At present, clinic blood pressure (BP) evaluation is being increasingly complemented by ambulatory BP measurements for the evaluation of haemodynamic patterns during daily activities and sleep. Nondipping pattern, a measure of decreased attenuation of nighttime over daytime BP, has been correlated with enhanced target...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/jhh.2010.113
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to evalute the impact of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system on blood pressure (BP) response in patients with hypertensive emergencies and urgencies treated with intravenous enalaprilat. Thirty-five patients with a systolic BP (SBP) >210 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP (DBP) >110 mm H...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000404
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-blockers are not very effective at lowering blood pressure in elderly hypertensive patients or in Afro-Caribbeans and these two groups represent a large proportion of people with raised blood pressure. Furthermore they do not prevent more heart attacks than the thiazide diuretics. Beta-blockers can also be danger...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000701
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study is to observe the relation between anthropometric measurements, focusing on sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), and insulin sensitivity indices in Chinese hypertensive patients and their siblings. In total, 907 participants, 537 hypertensive and 370 nonhypertensive, from 311 Taiwanese families ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001532
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to compare the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and calcium antagonists-the two drug classes thought to be most effective in reducing left ventricular hypertrophy-on arterial pressure, left ventricular structure and function in patients with essential hypertensio...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000425
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sodium intervention project was carried out in Tianjin, China, as part of the Tianjin Project, which is a national pilot, community-based intervention programme to reduce non-communicable diseases. The aim of this 3 year sodium project was to evaluate the feasibility and effects of sodium reduction in the population...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although 24-h urine collection is widely considered the 'gold standard' for estimation of population sodium intake, spot urine collection is increasingly used as a convenient and affordable alternative. We used four published formulae to convert spot urine sodium into estimates of 24-h sodium excretion in order to est...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/jhh.2014.10
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The insertion/deletion polymorphism (I/D) of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated in some studies with a higher prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), but few of them were performed on pharmacologically treated hypertensive patients. The present study was undertaken to determine ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001005
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied prospectively the acute blood pressure lowering effect on an oral dose of captopril, 25 mg in 240 hypertensive patients. The mean relative reduction of systolic and diastolic BP was 16 and 15% respectively and the mean time to the mean arterial pressure nadir was 59 minutes. Systolic BP fell by more th...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to describe the pattern of blood pressure (BP) distribution in a multiethnic primary care practice in relation to sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and risk factors. Another aim was to analyse the quality of diagnosis and effectiveness of hypertension (HT) treatment. In all, 470 adu...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1001902
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a double-blind, parallel-group multicentre study in general practice, lisinopril (10-20 mg once daily) was compared with metoprolol (100-200 mg once daily) in 360 patients whose diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was in the range 91-115 mmHg despite diuretic treatment. Following a three week run-in period during which ...
journal_title:Journal of human hypertension
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00