Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recommended infection control measures implemented in response to an outbreak of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN:Retrospective cohort studies of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and healthcare workers. The study period (January 1989 through September 1992) was divided into period I, before changes in infection control; period II, after aggressive use of administrative controls (eg, rapid placement of TB patients or suspected TB patients in single-patient rooms); and period III, while engineering changes were made (eg, improving ventilation in TB isolation rooms). SETTING:A New York City hospital that was the site of one of the first reported outbreaks of MDR-TB among AIDS patients in the United States. PARTICIPANTS:All AIDS patients admitted during periods I and II. Healthcare workers on nine inpatient units with TB patients and six without TB patients. RESULTS:The epidemic (38 patients) waned during period II and only one MDR-TB patient presented during period III. The MDR-TB attack rate among AIDS patients hospitalized on the same ward on the same days as an infectious MDR-TB patient was 8.8% (19 of 216) during period I, decreasing to 2.6% (5 of 193; P = 0.01) during period II. In a small group of healthcare workers with tuberculin skin test data, conversions during periods II through III were higher on wards with than without TB patients (5 of 29 versus 0 of 15; P = 0.15), although the difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:Transmission of MDR-TB among AIDS patients decreased markedly after enforcement of readily implementable administrative measures, ending the outbreak. However, tuberculin skin-test conversions among healthcare workers may not have been prevented by these measures. CDC guidelines for prevention of nosocomial transmission of TB should be implemented fully at all US hospitals.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Stroud LA,Tokars JI,Grieco MH,Crawford JT,Culver DH,Edlin BR,Sordillo EM,Woodley CL,Gilligan ME,Schneider Ndoi
10.1086/647075subject
Has Abstract,Author List Incompletepub_date
1995-03-01 00:00:00pages
141-7issue
3eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Due to the rapid transfer of patients from the acute-care setting, the intensity of nursing care among residents in long-term-care facilities (LTCFs) has increased, transforming today's LTCFs into subacute healthcare facilities. Given the increased risk of infection among residents in LTCFs and the associated morbidit...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501581
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Fulkerson scale lists 15 typical clinical activities ranked according to their risk of hand contamination. OBJECTIVE:To investigate how often healthcare workers (HCWs) apply antiseptic handrubs after each of the specified activities ranked in the Fulkerson scale. DESIGN:Observational study. SETTING:Un...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502378
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of and risk of organisms developing resistance to 2 novel hand soaps: (1) a soap containing triclosan, polyhexamethylene biguanide, and benzethonium chloride added to a soap base (TPB soap); and (2) a soap containing farnesol, polyhexamethylene biguanide, and benzethoniu...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/589723
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection control in the long-term-care facility has expanded substantially since "Topics in Long-Term Care" debuted in this journal in 1989. This section has been on hiatus, but now, after a 4-year lag, resumes its exploration of these topics. In the first article, endemic and epidemic infections in long-term care ar...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647831
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed handrub consumption as a surrogate marker for hand hygiene compliance from 2007 to 2014. Handrub consumption varied substantially between departments but correlated in a mixed effects regression model with the number of patient-days and the observed hand hygiene compliance. Handrub consumption may suppleme...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.47
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a dual strategy of tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QFT-G) for screening of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in healthcare workers (HCWs) and, as a secondary objective, to study relationships between TST results, QFT-G results, and sociodemographic ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/668436
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A crossover trial was conducted to compare hand rub and hand scrub-brush methods for reducing bacterial loads when using propan-1-ol-60% according to European regulations. Both methods significantly reduced the bacterial load immediately after antisepsis, but only the hand rub method achieved significant bacterial loa...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.1388
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::During the 1984-1985 influenza season, outbreaks of influenza A (H3N2) occurred in three Connecticut nursing homes. Influenza vaccination rates were 67% (96 out of 144), 35% (30 out of 85) and 69% (332 out of 483), respectively. The relative risk of illness for vaccinated compared to unvaccinated residents was 1.8 (95...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646214
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the epidemiology of Yersinia enterocolitica infections in hospitalized patients and to determine the frequency of hospital-acquired infection and the modes of transmission within the hospital. DESIGN:Descriptive study in which the clinical microbiology laboratory reported all positive Yersinia cultu...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646496
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Molecular epidemiologic surveillance of Acinetobacter baumannii by polymerase chain reaction-randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis in a university hospital for 3 consecutive study periods. RESULTS:Twelve different Acinetobacter baumannii genotypes (A-L) were detected. Although only 2 genotypes were det...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/503349
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of a positive deviance strategy for the improvement of hand hygiene compliance in 2 adult step-down units. DESIGN:A 9-month, controlled trial comparing the effect of positive deviance on compliance with hand hygiene. SETTING:Two 20-bed step-down units at a tertiary care private...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/649224
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The value of decolonization as a strategy for preventing methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) remains to be determined. OBJECTIVE:After adding decolonization to further reduce MRSA transmission in our NICU, we conducted this retrospective review to eva...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2019.217
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared cleaning rates associated with use of a white ultraviolet (UV) powder versus a transparent UV gel among units with various degrees of previous experience with UV powder. The study outcome was the presence of discordant cleaning (removal of powder without the removal of gel, or vice versa). We found higher ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/663713
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To develop a method for selecting health care-associated infection (HAI) measures for public reporting. CONTEXT:HAIs are common, serious, and costly adverse outcomes of medical care that affect 2 million people in the United States annually. Thirty-seven states have introduced or passed legislation requiring...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/660873
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) began at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center in May 1993. As of September 1995, we had a total of 253 patients infected or colonized with VRE, with consequent increasing demand for private rooms. We analyzed results of surveillance cultures for VRE of 49...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of an active surveillance program for Staphylococcus aureus linked to a decolonization protocol on the incidence of healthcare-associated infection and new nasal colonization due to S. aureus. DESIGN:Retrospective quasi-experimental study. SETTING:An 18-bed medical intensive care uni...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1086/654001
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Few data are available on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization in day care. We performed a study in a medical university child care center to study the epidemiology of MRSA in this population. DESIGN:Survey. SETTING:A child care center on the campus of a university medical center....
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/605721
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a cross-sectional study of Thai medical students, we compared the seroprevalence of antibody to measles virus, rubella virus, varicella zoster virus, hepatitis A virus, and hepatitis B virus with self-reports of prior infection or vaccination. Self-report predicted immunity to varicella zoster virus only. These dat...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/597508
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of US-style infection control programs is global. There are many Asian countries that have translated US-style infection control programs into their own programs, but reports of those efforts are rarely published in English. This article describes the development of infection control in Taiwan and the devel...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647126
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the frequency and type of nosocomial infections (NIs) (especially surgical-site infections [SSIs]), risk factors, and the type and duration of antibiotic use among surgical patients in Greek hospitals. DESIGN:Two point-prevalence studies. SETTING:Fourteen Greek hospitals. PATIENTS:Those in the...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1086/502399
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on COVID-19 risk among HCWs exposed to a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 on day 13 of hospitalization. There were 44 HCWs exposed to the patient before contact and droplet precautions were implemented: of these, 2 of 44 (5%) developed COVID-19 potentially attributable to the exposure. ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.256
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group A streptococcus is an uncommon but important cause of nosocomial infections. Outbreaks of infection most often have occurred in surgical or obstetrical patients. We describe an outbreak of severe group A streptococcal infections that occurred on a medical unit of a community hospital. Within an 8-day period, thr...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647335
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate trends in plasmid types of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus over a 3-year period and determine the clinical impact of plasmid typing. DESIGN:Restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid DNA (REAP) was used to type 270 clinical isolates. SETTING:A Veterans Affairs Medical Center. R...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646627
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the diagnostic value of an adenosinetriphosphate bioluminescence assay (ATPmetry) to monitor the effectiveness of the reprocessing of endoscopes compared with microbiologic sampling. DESIGN:Diagnostic study. SETTING:A 2,200-bed teaching hospital performing 5,000 to 6,000 endoscopic procedures annu...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.212
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine the rates of surgical-site infections (SSIs) after spinal surgery and to identify the risk factors associated with infection. DESIGN:SSIs had been identified by active prospective surveillance. A case-control study to identify risk factors was performed retrospectively. SETTING:University-asso...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502259
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Better understand the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of peripheral venous catheter (PVC)-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. DESIGN:Retrospective study of PVC-related S. aureus bacteremias in adult patients from July 2005 through March 2008. A point-prevalence survey was performed January 9, 200...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/660099
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine differences in healthcare costs between cases of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infection and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infection in adults. DESIGN:Retrospective study of all cases of S. aureus infection. SETTING:Department of Veterans Affairs hospital and ass...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/651094
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To ascertain which components of healthcare worker (HCW) influenza vaccination programs are associated with higher vaccination rates. DESIGN:Survey. SETTING:University-affiliated hospitals. METHODS:Participating hospitals were surveyed with regard to their institutional HCW influenza vaccination program fo...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/651666
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated an outbreak of postoperative shoulder arthritis due to Propionibacterium acnes infection in nondebilitated patients. Risk factors were male sex, the order in which surgery was performed during the daily operating schedule, and increased duration of the surgical procedure. After modification of the vent...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/507287
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection control in British nursing homes is different from that in U.S. nursing homes in seveal ways. Most British nursing homes, for example, do not have a designated on-site infection control nurse, and several agencies are responsible for regulatory oversight. This article discusses the state of infection control...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502198
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00