Abstract:
:Low-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus [VISA] and heterogenous VISA [hVISA]) is increasingly reported and leads to glycopeptide treatment failure. Various phenotypic features have been reported for these isolates, but the genetic changes leading to hVISA and VISA have yet to be clearly determined. We assessed phenotypic, antibiotic resistance, and genomic changes by using genomic DNA microarray comparison and sequencing of selected loci in five pairs of clinical hVISA/VISA strains and the initial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates obtained prior to vancomycin therapy. The isolates were from adult patients in Australia and New Zealand who had persistent MRSA bacteremia (>7 days) while receiving vancomycin therapy. In all cases, the initial isolates were found to be fully vancomycin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (VSSA). The hVISA/VISA phenotype was associated with increased cell wall thickness, reduced autolytic activity in four of five hVISA/VISA strains, and a striking reduction in biofilm formation compared to the parent strains in all pairs. All five pairs appeared to be isogenic, and genomic DNA microarray comparison suggested that major genetic changes are not required for the development of the resistant phenotype in these strains. No sequence differences were found in the agr locus or the tcaRA genes for any pair, but a marked reduction in RNAIII expression was found in four pairs. In summary, hVISA/VISA arises from fully VSSA during persistent infection that fails to respond to glycopeptide therapy and is associated with significant phenotypic changes, including a marked reduction in biofilm-forming ability. These clinically derived pairs of isolates will be a useful resource to elucidate the genetic mechanism of resistance in hVISA/VISA strains.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Howden BP,Johnson PD,Ward PB,Stinear TP,Davies JKdoi
10.1128/AAC.00422-06subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-09-01 00:00:00pages
3039-47issue
9eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596pii
50/9/3039journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In most experiments when aminoglycoside antibiotic (AG) tissue levels are measured, the AG is extracted into buffered media. The data from this study reveal that buffer extraction results in only partial recovery of AG from tissues and that total recovery can be obtained after NaOH or trichloroacetic acid treatment. T...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.33.4.448
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-four Staphylococcus species and their subspecies were examined for their susceptibilities to teicoplanin by disk diffusion (30-micrograms disk) and agar dilution for the determination of MICs. Moderately susceptible and resistant clinical strains were further tested for their susceptibilities to oxacillin and v...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.9.1919
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.9.2209
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01014-06
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The JAK-STAT pathway is activated in both macrophages and lymphocytes upon human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and thus represents an attractive cellular target to achieve HIV suppression and reduced inflammation, which may impact virus sanctuaries. Ruxolitinib and tofacitinib are JAK1/2 inhibitors t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02496-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.41.3.600
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.00673-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cryomicrotomy has been used as a new technique for removing gastric mucosae from adult guinea pigs for the study of amoxicillin secretion across gastric mucosae. This method allowed a very regular thickness of the removed surface layer of mucosa to be obtained with good reproducibility. Gastric superficial mucosa conc...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.3.766
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00960-20
更新日期:2020-12-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00753-16
更新日期:2016-07-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.00082-15
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.27.6.912
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cecropin B is a cationic antimicrobial peptide originally isolated from the diapausing pupae of the giant silk moth, Hylphora cecropia. Cecropin B elicits its antimicrobial effects through disruption of the anionic cell membranes of gram-negative bacteria. Previous work by our laboratory demonstrated that a constituti...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00023-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycobacterium abscessus is an extensively drug-resistant opportunistic pathogen that can cause chronic otomastoiditis. There are no evidence-based treatment regimens for this severe infection. We treated four children with M. abscessus otomastoiditis with a structured regimen of topical imipenem and tigecycline, intra...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/AAC.01203-19
更新日期:2019-12-20 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.35.10.2078
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.4.887
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00432-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recalcitrant dermatophytoses are on the rise in India. High MICs of terbinafine (TRB) and squalene epoxidase (SQLE) gene mutations conferring resistance in Trichophyton spp. have been recently documented. However, studies correlating laboratory data with clinical response to TRB in tinea corporis/cruris are lacking. F...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::R4.0, a synthetic CCL5/RANTES-derived peptide, exerts potent anti-HIV-1 activity via its nonactivating interaction with CCR5, the major HIV-1 coreceptor. CCR5 chronic activation may promote undesirable inflammatory effects and enhance viral infection; thus, receptor antagonism is a necessary requisite. HIV-1 gp120, CC...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::4,4'-Isopropylidine-bis[2-isopropyl]phenol was found to possess antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria and some fungi, whereas it had no effect on gram-negative organisms. The drug has a potent inhibitory action on the synthesis of cell wall mucopeptides of Bacillus subtilis by inhibiting the enzyme d-g...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.9.4.580
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmid-mediated resistance to polymyxins mediated by the MCR-1/2 determinants has been reported in Enterobacteriaceae worldwide. Using PCR-based and cloning strategies, a series of Moraxella spp. were screened for mcr-like genes. Moraxella spp. that are mainly animal pathogens but may also be human pathogens were ide...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00129-17
更新日期:2017-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Though the primary action of the cationic antibiotic polymyxin B is against the membrane of susceptible bacteria, severe morphological changes are detected in the cytoplasm. Using fluorescence microscopy and a mono-N-dansyl-polymyxin B derivative, we could demonstrate aggregations of the antibiotic with cellular mater...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.8.1.95
更新日期:1975-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mengo virus double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) was obtained on a semi-industrial scale from infected cultures of BHK-21 cells grown in suspension. Yield of the extraction and purification operations was small (about 22 mg from 10(11) cells in a 100-liter culture). Physicochemical characterization of this dsRNA g...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.3.5.590
更新日期:1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subtherapeutic levels of oxytetracycline plus neomycin in animal feeds did not bring about increases in the quantity, prevalence, or shedding of Salmonella typhimurium in swine, calves, or chickens. In fact, the medication generally reduced the proportion of animals carrying S. typhimurium. The medicated groups were f...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.10.1.89
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.8.1693
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.11.3456-3462.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.40.8.1835
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group B beta-hemolytic streptococci (GB-BHS) frequently cause severe infection in newborns. Previous in vitro studies showed accelerated killing of GB-BHS by ampicillin plus gentamicin as compared with ampicillin alone. To extend the in vitro observations, mice were infected experimentally with GB-BHS and treated with...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.11.5.817
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00