Prevalence and possible etiology of dental enamel hypoplasia.

abstract：:Sattenspiel and Harpending (1983, American Antiquity 48(3): 489-498) have stated that the life expectancy at birth (e0(0] which paleodemographers calculate from skeletal population data is actually the mean age at death (ad) of the population. Yet, only when a population is neither growing or declining (i.e., is stati...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Horowitz S,Armelagos G,Wachter K

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Because plants and animals consume or absorb different amounts of strontium and calcium, anthropologists are able to use strontium/calcium (Sr/Ca) ratios from archaeologically recovered human bone to estimate the relative contributions of meat and plants to paleodiets. Often females exhibit higher Sr/Ca ratios than ma...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Blakely RL

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A histological aging study of femoral midshafts in a late Roman period sample from the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, showed discrete fluorochrome labelling. The fluorochrome is yellow-green in colour and fluoresces at a wavelength of 525 nm. The labelling occurs at the mineralization fronts and is so distinct that several his...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Cook M,Molto E,Anderson C

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used two modern computerized handheld reflectometers, the Photovolt ColorWalk colorimeter (a tristimulus colorimeter; Photovolt, UMM Electronics, Indianapolis, IN) and the DermaSpectrometer (a specialized narrow-band reflectometer; Cortex Technology, Hadsund, Denmark), to compare two methods for the objective ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Shriver MD,Parra EJ

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The methods that can be used for the direct dating of human remains comprise of radiocarbon, U-series, electron spin resonance (ESR), and amino acid racemization (AAR). This review gives an introduction to these methods in the context of dating human bones and teeth. Recent advances in ultrafiltration techniques have ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Grün R

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Philippines is generally believed to have been established by various peoples who migrated from neighboring areas. To gain new insights into the peopling of the Philippines, we used the JC virus (JCV) genotyping approach. We collected about 50 urine samples on each of two representative islands of the Philippines,...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Miranda JJ,Sugimoto C,Paraguison R,Takasaka T,Zheng HY,Yogo Y

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:We tested whether patterns of intraspecific variation in catarrhine vertebral shape are consistent with developmental or functional predictions. Intraspecific variation was compared across column regions, morphological features, and species. Transitional regions and later ossifying morphological features wer...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Shapiro LJ,Kemp AD

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans are limited in their capacity to convert protein into energy. We present a hypothesis that a "bell" shaped thorax and a wide pelvis evolved in Neandertals, at least in part, as an adaptation to a high protein diet. A high protein diet created a need to house an enlarged liver and urinary system in a wider lower...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ben-Dor M,Gopher A,Barkai R

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An examination of the Vértesszöllös occipital bone indicates the need for takings its condition and preservation as well as certain aspects of its morphology into account prior to a metric assessment of its features. This analysis confirms the presence of extrasutural bones on the lambdoidal suture as well as some dis...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Wolpoff MH

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Field observations of bipedal posture and locomotion in wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) can serve as key evidence for reconstructing the likely origins of bipedalism in the last prehominid human ancestor. This paper reports on a sample of bipedal bouts, recorded ad libitum, in wild chimpanzees in Bwindi Impenetrabl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stanford CB

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Periodic episodes of food scarcity may highlight the adaptive value of certain anatomical traits, particularly those that facilitate the acquisition and digestion of exigent fallback foods. To better understand the selective pressures that favored the distinctive dental and locomotor morphologies of gibbons and orangu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Vogel ER,Haag L,Mitra-Setia T,van Schaik CP,Dominy NJ

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The methods used to study human growth and development (auxology) have not previously been applied within the setting of hominin maturation (ontogeny). Ontogeny is defined here as the pattern of biological change into an adult form, both at the individual and species level. The hominin fossil record has a lack of reco...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Bolter DR,Cameron N

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is unclear whether earlier age at menarche is associated with higher body mass index (BMI) because they share a common genetic underpinning. We investigated the impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing menarche timing on peripubertal BMI. For 556 Fels Longitudinal Study children (277 boys/279 gi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Johnson W,Choh AC,Curran JE,Czerwinski SA,Bellis C,Dyer TD,Blangero J,Towne B,Demerath EW

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histomorphometric analysis of femoral and tibial diaphyseal fragments from seven Late Archaic and three Early Modern humans are compared with those of the Pecos, a pre-Columbian Native American population. The ten samples, from Broken Hill (EM-793), Shanidar 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, Tabun 1, and Skhul 3, 6, and 7, provide a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Abbott S,Trinkaus E,Burr DB

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This cross-sectional study investigates metabolic bone disease and the relationship between age and bone mineral density (BMD) in males and females of a large, well-documented skeletal population of free-ranging rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), from the Caribbean Primate Research Center Museum collection from Cayo San...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Cerroni AM,Tomlinson GA,Turnquist JE,Grynpas MD

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Investigations of the human femoral bicondylar angle have largely focused on interspecific differences and intrapopulation variation. This analysis assesses the range of variation in the bicondylar angle in humans across four populations, examining the effects of population, sex and age. MATERIALS AND METHO...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Waxenbaum EB,Stock MK

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Variation in height and body proportions is relatively well-understood at the inter-population level, but less is known about intra-population variation. This study explores intra-population variation in body proportions among 172 (88 female; 84 male) adult rural Amazonians. We test the hypotheses that: (1) stunting i...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Vercellotti G,Piperata BA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this paper, we present the academic genealogy of American field primatologists. The genealogy has been compiled to formally document the historical record of this young field. Data have been collected from three main sources: 1) e-mail surveys, 2) library and Internet research, and 3) verbal communication through f...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Kelley EA,Sussman RW

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Pelvic features, mostly known as parturition scars, have been extensively studied in the last decades and are frequently investigated in archaeological and forensic contexts. It is still unclear, however, whether they really relate to pregnancy and birth, or whether these features are caused by other biomech...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Waltenberger L,Pany-Kucera D,Rebay-Salisbury K,Mitteroecker P

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Dental microwear researchers consider exogenous grit or dust to be an important cause of microscopic wear on primate teeth. No study to date has examined the accumulation of such abrasives on foods eaten by primates in the forest. This investigation introduces a method to collect dust at various heights in the canopy....

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Ungar PS,Teaford MF,Glander KE,Pastor RF

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The name "Wampanoag" means "Eastern People" or "People of the First Light" in the local dialect of the Algonquian language. Once extensively populating the coastal lands and neighboring islands of the eastern United States, the Wampanoag people now consist of two federally recognized tribes, the Aquinnah and Mashpee, ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Zhadanov SI,Dulik MC,Markley M,Jennings GW,Gaieski JB,Elias G,Schurr TG,Genographic Project Consortium.

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The transferrin phenotypes of 256 rhesus monkeys and their parents were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The segregation ratio for phenotypes involving only alleles of high electrophoretic mobility was statistically significantly higher than expected and suggests that selection favors these more negat...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Smith DG

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A range of variation in percent of oxygen saturation of arterial hemoglobin (SaO2) among healthy individuals at a given high altitude indicates differences in physiological hypoxemia despite uniform ambient hypoxic stress. In populations native to the Tibetan plateau, a significant portion of the variance is attributa...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Beall CM,Almasy LA,Blangero J,Williams-Blangero S,Brittenham GM,Strohl KP,Decker MJ,Vargas E,Villena M,Soria R,Alarcon AM,Gonzales C

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paranthropus is distinctive among hominoids in its possession of a greatly thickened hard palate. Although traditionally considered a structural adaptation to counter high-magnitude masticatory stress, alternative developmental models are equally viable. Three models of palatal thickening were evaluated in this study....

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： McCollum MA

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The analysis of 36 human skeletons (eight subadults, 13 males, 15 females) recovered during a cemetery relocation near Charleston, SC, provides data on health and disease for a 19th-century sample of Afro-Americans. The majority of the burials date from 1840-1870. Skeletal analysis verified some historical interpretat...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Rathbun TA

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mountain gorillas of the central Virungas have been the subject of field study for the last 30 years; however, our understanding of morbidity and mortality in these apes is limited. This paper describes pathological conditions of the skeleton and dentition of these animals and evaluates lesions in relation to beha...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Lovell NC

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The relationship between ethnicity and biology is of interest to anthropologists, biomedical scientists, and historians in understanding how human groups are constructed. Ethnic self-identification in recently admixed groups such as Hispanics, African Americans, and Native Americans (NA) is likely to be complex due to...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Klimentidis YC,Miller GF,Shriver MD

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the population history and social organization of the prehistoric Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest have received attention in the archaeological literature, little research on this topic has been conducted by biological anthropologists. Here, we examine postmarital residence at two ancestral Tewa Indi...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Schillaci MA,Stojanowski CM

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scratches found on the Engis 2 cranium have been described as perimortem and interpreted as intentional scalping marks by Russell and LeMort (Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 69:317-323, 1986). These marks are described and compared to damage on other fossil hominids. The Engis marks have been misinterpreted. These marks are s...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： White TD,Toth N

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The robustness index (RI) is determined by multiplying dental mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters, and is used to estimate occlusal area. However, because teeth are not rectangular its calculation consistently causes overestimations. Moreover, teeth, in particular molars, are not identically shaped so overestimatio...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Schmidt C,Ousley S,Schmidt M

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00