Abstract:
:The methods used to study human growth and development (auxology) have not previously been applied within the setting of hominin maturation (ontogeny). Ontogeny is defined here as the pattern of biological change into an adult form, both at the individual and species level. The hominin fossil record has a lack of recovered immature materials, due to such factors as taphonomic processes that destroy pre-adults; the fragility of immature compared to adult bone; and the lower mortality rates of juveniles compared to adults. The recent discovery of pre-adult hominin skeletal material from a single, homogeneous Homo naledi species from the Rising Star cave system in South Africa provides the opportunity for a broader application of auxology methods and thus the need to understand their use in a modern context. Human auxology studies benefit from a robust database, across multiple populations, and with longitudinal studies in order to assess the patterns and variations in typical growth, development and life history stages. Here, we review the approach, vocabulary, and methods of these human studies, investigate commonalities in data with the fossil record, and then advance the reconstruction of ontogeny for the extinct hominin species H. naledi. To this end, we apply an auxology model into the paleontological context to broadly predict H. naledi birthweight of the offspring at 2.06 kg with a range (±1 SD) of 1.89 to 2.24 kg, with a length at birth 45.5 cm. We estimate a H. naledi juvenile partial skeleton DH7 to be a height of 111-125 cm at death.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Bolter DR,Cameron Ndoi
10.1002/ajpa.24088subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-10-01 00:00:00pages
368-380issue
2eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
173pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:One-male social systems are usually characterized by polygyny and reproductive exclusion by a single resident male. Sometimes, however, secondary males join these groups, and this may carry fitness costs and/or benefits to the resident male. In hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas hamadryas), which live in one...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22804
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Callitrichids use their tongue in various social, ecological, and hygienic contexts. Using a noninvasive measuring device, we obtained data on the operational tongue length (OTL) in seven species from the family Callitrichidae. OTL (defined as the maximum tongue extension into the device) varied significantly between ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21038
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study is to demonstrate advantages of principal component analysis (PCA) as a standardized procedure in the evaluation of osteoarthritis (OA) in a skeletal series to: (1) compute aggregate scores for joint complexes that accurately capture pathological expression, (2) reveal which variabl...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23130
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Growth standards and references currently used to assess population and individual health are derived primarily from urban populations, including few individuals from indigenous or subsistence groups. Given environmental and genetic differences, growth may vary in these populations. Thus, there is a need to ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23128
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new method for estimating adult age-at-death from the first rib was developed as a modification of the Kunos et al. (Am J Phys Anthropol 110 (1999) 303-323) method. Data were collected on three aspects of the first rib (costal face, rib head, and tubercle facet) for 470 known-age males of Balkan ancestry collected a...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20916
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Movements of forelimb joints and segments during walking in the brown lemur (Eulemur fulvus) were analyzed using cineradiography (150 frames/sec). Metric gait parameters, forelimb kinematics, and intralimb coordination are described. Calculation of contribution of segment displacements to stance propulsion shows that ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(200002)111:2<245::AID-AJPA
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gorillas occupy a variety of habitats from the west coast to eastern central Africa. These habitats differ considerably in altitude, which has a pronounced effect on forest ecology. Although all gorillas are obligate terrestrial knuckle-walking quadrupeds, those that live in lowland habitats eat fruits and climb more ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22451
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Sex estimation in subadult skeletal remains is still considered highly problematic. The aim of this research is to test the reliability of the method of subadult sex assessment proposed by Luna and co-workers in 2017, based on the analysis of the auricular surface of the ilium. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Seven r...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.24146
更新日期:2020-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Data on orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus abelii) living in a Sumatran swamp forest yield an estimated median interbirth interval of at least 8 years, concurring with findings from other sites. This longest known mammalian interbirth interval appears due to maternal amenorrhea during the long exclusive dependence of the offs...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10426
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::On the basis of new examination of ancient DNA and craniometric analyses, Neolithic dispersal in Central Europe has been recently explained as reflecting colonization or at least a major influx of near eastern farmers. Given the fact that Neolithic dispersal in Central Europe was very rapid and extended into a large a...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21572
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The name "Wampanoag" means "Eastern People" or "People of the First Light" in the local dialect of the Algonquian language. Once extensively populating the coastal lands and neighboring islands of the eastern United States, the Wampanoag people now consist of two federally recognized tribes, the Aquinnah and Mashpee, ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21281
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We present a new distance-based exponential regression approach based on published histological data to refine the objectivity, accuracy, and precision of age estimates of LEH defect formation on the anterior dentition. METHODS:Published histological data of anterior tooth crown growth for two samples (nort...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23764
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intergroup comparison of cephalometric landmark configurations by the finite-element method elegantly depicts the algebra of some of the size and shape change measures that one may define by reference to those landmarks. In studies of mean differences between groups, the statistical analysis of these finite element...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330740408
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A very limiting factor for paleoanthropological studies is the poor state of preservation of the human fossil record, where fragmentation and deformation are considered normal. Although anatomical information can still be gathered from a distorted fossil, such specimens must typically be excluded from advanced morphol...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22376
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Nariokotome Homo erectus has an apparent disjunction of inferred age as judged by dental maturity, by epiphyseal closure and by stature, when compared to modern human norms. On this basis, it has been suggested that this fossil hominin differed in its pattern of growth and development from modern humans. In partic...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199909)110:1<81::AID-AJPA7
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ecological pressures shaping chimpanzee anatomy and behavior are the subject of much discussion in primatology and paleoanthropology, yet empirical data on fundamental parameters including body size, morbidity, and mortality are rare for wild chimpanzees. Here, we present skeletal pathology and body size data for ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20758
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey of nine polymorphic loci for 82 North Amerindian populations was undertaken to test the hypothesis that increasing levels of sociocultural complexity are ineluctably accompanied by increased heterozygosity. The data reveal a significant relationship in the predicted direction. Moreover, the significant correl...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330670308
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The low brachial and crural indices of the European Neandertals have long been considered indicative of cold adaptation. Recent work has documented lower limb/trunk ratios and deeper chests (anterior-posterior diameter) in European Neandertals than among their successors. The present study uses variables reflective of...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199710)104:2<245::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study attempts to fill a persistent gap in the literature by documenting the timing of epiphyseal union at the vertebral end of the ribs in a sample of modern Portuguese skeletons. The skeletal remains of 53 females and 45 males, between the ages of 11 and 30, were taken from the Lisbon documented skeletal collec...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21065
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The histological method developed by Stout and Paine ([1992] Aln. J. Phys. Antropol. 87:111-115) for estimating age at death using the clavicle is tested on a known age independent sample from a nineteenth century cemetery near Spitalfriedhof St. Johann in Basel, Switzerland. The mean absolute difference between repor...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199605)100:1<139::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:A new tool for skeletal sex estimation based on measurements of the human os coxae is presented using skeletons from a metapopulation of identified adult individuals from twelve independent population samples. For reliable sex estimation, a posterior probability greater than 0.95 was considered to be the cla...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23282
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Root dentine transparency (RDT) was used to estimate the ages of human subjects from 152 intact teeth. Teeth were from 134 subjects, both historical and recent, of known age and sex. The aims of this work are 1) to compare two methods of using RDT to estimate age; 2) to test the applicability of the regression formula...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330850105
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Great apes show considerable diversity in socioecology and life history, but knowledge of their physical growth in natural settings is scarce. We characterized linear body size growth in wild mountain gorillas from Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda, a population distinguished by its extreme folivory and accele...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23232
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, medical concerns about the deleterious effects of closely inbred marriages have focused on the risk posed by recessive Mendelian disease, with much less attention to developmental instability. We studied the effects of inbreeding (first-cousin marriage) on growth and fluctuating asymmetry of 200 full-ter...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22401
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The human respiratory apparatus is characterized by sexual dimorphism, the cranial airways of males being larger (both absolutely and relatively) than those of females. These differences have been linked to sex-specific differences in body composition, bioenergetics, and respiratory function. However, whethe...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23051
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Pelvic features, mostly known as parturition scars, have been extensively studied in the last decades and are frequently investigated in archaeological and forensic contexts. It is still unclear, however, whether they really relate to pregnancy and birth, or whether these features are caused by other biomech...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.24196
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::As shown in 91 embryos and fetuses in the 41-235 mm crownrump length, brachymesophalangia-5 may be identified in prenatal time. Although the ratios involving different combinations of length of mid-5 relative to other segments yield different frequencies of BMP-5, the short middle segment of the little finger is alrea...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330440305
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different lines of evidence suggest that trabecular bone architecture contains a functional signal related to an organism's locomotor behavior. An understanding of the interspecific and intraspecific variation in extant nonhuman primate trabecular structure is needed to evaluate its usefulness as a tool to reconstruct...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10086
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lack of independence of data points or the pooling fallacy has been suggested as a potential problem in the study of handedness in nonhuman primates, particularly as it relates to whether hand use responses should be recorded as individual events or bouts of activity. Here, I argue that there is no evidence that the c...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22248
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In dermatoglyphic methodology the system of gross classification of digital pattern types needs modifications. More attention should be focussed on the study of minute morphological variations among pattern types in order to understand fully the genetic mechanisms involved in pattern variations. A systematic classif...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330420215
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00