Abstract:
:The robustness index (RI) is determined by multiplying dental mesiodistal and buccolingual diameters, and is used to estimate occlusal area. However, because teeth are not rectangular its calculation consistently causes overestimations. Moreover, teeth, in particular molars, are not identically shaped so overestimations vary. The current study seeks to determine the extent to which overestimations are affected by tooth shape and to improve RI's efficacy. Initially, 120 molars were sorted into six shape groups, which were determined by hypocone/hypoconulid expression. Three maxillary and three mandibular shape groups were set using the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System. ANOVA results determined that RI overestimations, which averaged around 20%, were not the same for each shape category. Maxillary molars with large hypocones and mandibular molars with no hypoconulids were overestimated significantly less than the other molar groups. Regression-based correction formulae were generated and applied to the original sample. These formulae far more precisely estimated tooth area than RI and there were no differences in estimation based upon tooth shape. A subsequent validation study of 24 additional molars was undertaken to test the formulae on teeth not from the original sample. Overestimation/underestimation averaged 0.5% and was about the same for each of the tooth shape groups. Finally, six new correction formulae were generated using all 144 molars. The correction formulae provide, what is termed here, an adjusted robustness index (ARI), and it is recommended that ARI is used in future studies of molar occlusal area.
journal_name
Am J Phys Anthropoljournal_title
American journal of physical anthropologyauthors
Schmidt C,Ousley S,Schmidt Mdoi
10.1002/ajpa.21511subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-01 00:00:00pages
327-32issue
2eissn
0002-9483issn
1096-8644journal_volume
145pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Studying the current distribution of genetic diversity in humans has important implications for our understanding of the history of our species. We analyzed a set of linked STR and SNP loci from the paternally inherited Y chromosome to infer the past demography of 55 African and Eurasian populations, using both the pa...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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abstract::Estimations of age from tooth formation standards for a large (n = 282) sample of subadult skeletal remains from a 19th century historic cemetery sample were analyzed. The standards of Moorrees et al. (1963a,b) for the permanent and deciduous teeth, and Anderson et al. (1976) for the formation of permanent dentition w...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330800112
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abstract::Many studies based on genetic diversity of North African populations have contributed to elucidate the modelling of the genetic landscape in this region. North Africa is considered as a distinct spatial-temporal entity on geographic, archaeological, and historical grounds, which has undergone the influence of differen...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22705
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphological measurements were collected from 12 wild and 12 captive mona monkeys (Cercopithecus mona) on the Caribbean island of Grenada. Mona monkeys were introduced to Grenada from Africa approximately 200 to 300 years ago during the slave trade era. Wild monkeys were captured using either 1) a baited treadle-door...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199804)105:4<481::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A histological aging study of femoral midshafts in a late Roman period sample from the Dakhleh Oasis, Egypt, showed discrete fluorochrome labelling. The fluorochrome is yellow-green in colour and fluoresces at a wavelength of 525 nm. The labelling occurs at the mineralization fronts and is so distinct that several his...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330800202
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excavations at hearth levels at the Molare Shelter in 1985 yielded the mandible of a 3-4-year-old child. The associated lithic artifacts recovered with it are Mousterian. Its features, although quite archaic, are within the known range of variation of Neandertals. Four deciduous molars are still preserved in the mandi...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330790404
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
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更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Pelvic features, mostly known as parturition scars, have been extensively studied in the last decades and are frequently investigated in archaeological and forensic contexts. It is still unclear, however, whether they really relate to pregnancy and birth, or whether these features are caused by other biomech...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.24196
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20070
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primate species often eat foods of different physical properties. This may have implications for tooth structure and wear in those species. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanical defenses of leaves eaten by Alouatta palliata from different social groups at Hacienda La Pacifica in Costa Rica. Leaves we...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.20225
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10101
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Femoral head size provides important information on body size in extinct species. Although it is well-known that femoral head size is correlated with acetabular size, the precision with which femoral head size can be estimated from acetabular size has not been quantified. The availability of accurate 3D surface models...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22591
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.22803
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199902)108:2<173::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study analyzes the distribution of ten protein genetic polymorphisms in eighteen populations from the most densely inhabited areas of Cameroon. The languages spoken belong to three different linguistic families [Afro-Asiatic (AA), Nilo-Saharan (NS) and Niger-Kordofanian (NK)]. The analysis of variation of allele ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199910)110:2<143::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A newly discovered right parietal/temporal/frontal fragment from an australopithecine natural endocast is described and compared to other australopithecine endocasts. This specimen shows that the central sulcus was arched, rather than straight as previously believed, and reveals frontal lobe convolutions not preserved...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330500412
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Hadar site in Ethiopia is a prolific source of hominid fossils attributed to the species Australopithecus afarensis, which spans the period 3.4-3.0 million years (myr) in the Sidi Hakoma, Denen Dora and lower Kada Hadar Members of the Hadar Formation. Since 1992 a major focus of field work conducted at Hadar has c...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199706)103:2<235::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocrine studies of captive strepsirrhine primates suggest that physical environment and social factors mediate inter-individual variations in testicular function and serum testosterone (sT) in males. While these studies have made major contributions to our understanding of the individual proximate mechanisms influen...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199802)105:2<137::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
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更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anatomical effects of artificial cranial deformation on the face and the base have been subject to various metric approaches, including standard linear as well as finite element techniques, and have produced controversial results (Antón [1989] Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 79:253-267; Kohn et al. [1993] Am. J. Phys. Ant...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.10286
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199707)103:3<375::AID-AJPA
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Early Byzantine (A.D. 330-842) monastic rules stipulated that entrants relinquished familial connections, personal belongings and secular relationships to become part of the ascetic collective that continued in death, resulting in bioarchaeological marginalization, as was the case of the monastics excavated ...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23993
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tolerant food sharing among human foragers can largely be explained by reciprocity. In contrast, food sharing among chimpanzees and bonobos may not always reflect reciprocity, which could be explained by different dominance styles: in egalitarian societies reciprocity is expressed freely, while in more despotic groups...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21288
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trace elements in the dental enamel of 43 prehistoric Indians from Illinois, Maryland and Virginia show concentration differences by age, sex and geographical locality. Sample areas on an incisor or first molar were blocked off with paraffin, washed twice with distilled water and etched 7 times with 6N HCl. An optical...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330450334
更新日期:1976-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ontogenetic samples of endocranial volumes (EVs) from great apes and humans are critical for understanding the evolution of the brain growth pattern in the hominin lineage. However, high quality ontogenetic data are scarce, especially for nonhuman primates. Here, we provide original data derived from an osteological c...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.21641
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:A new tool for skeletal sex estimation based on measurements of the human os coxae is presented using skeletons from a metapopulation of identified adult individuals from twelve independent population samples. For reliable sex estimation, a posterior probability greater than 0.95 was considered to be the cla...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23282
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method of drawing outlines of the distal end of the humerus is presented and carried out on some pongids (Pan troglodytes, Pan paniscus, Pongo pygmaeus), on modern man, and on some casts of Plio-Pleistocene hominids. It appears that these outlines are good indicators of the overall morphology and permit the distingu...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.1330560307
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:European ancestry in many populations in Latin America at autosomal loci is often higher than that from X-linked loci indicating more European male ancestry and more Amerindian female ancestry. Generally, this has been attributed to more European male gene flow but could also result from an advantage to Euro...
journal_title:American journal of physical anthropology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajpa.23220
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00