Abstract：
:In normal and diabetic pregnancies, the placenta functions as a complex endocrine gland that modulates all classes of maternal nutrients to the fetus. The metabolic alterations of normal pregnancy are diabetogenic and associated with modest resistance to endogenous insulin. Pregnant women with carbohydrate intolerance represent three metabolically heterogeneous groups: type I (insulin-dependent), type II (non-insulin-dependent), and gestational diabetes. Patients with type I diabetes are at risk for ketosis and require replacement therapy because of a deficient production of insulin. They have decreased 24-hour, around-the-clock levels of C-peptide and glucagon, and lower nocturnal cortisol values and higher 24-hour prolactin levels than those of women with type II diabetes. Type II pregnant diabetic patients are not prone to ketosis and are more resistant to endogenous and exogenous insulin. They have higher fasting and meal-stimulated levels of C-peptide, accentuated fasting hypertriglyceridemia, and significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than those of normal or type I women. In gestational diabetes, the metabolic stress of pregnancy evokes reversible hyperglycemia which may be associated with either a surfeit or a deficiency of insulin. These metabolic differences among diabetic pregnant women could have implications for placental structure and function that might influence fetal growth.
journal_name
Am J Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
American journal of obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Hollingsworth DRdoi
10.1016/0002-9378(83)90822-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1983-06-15 00:00:00pages
417-29issue
4eissn
0002-9378issn
1097-6868pii
0002-9378(83)90822-0journal_volume
146pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A case of primary hypothyroidism associated with postpartum galactorrhea-amenorrhea is reported. The configuration of the sella was compatible with pituitary adenoma, but prolactin dynamics did not support an autonomous secretory state. Replacement therapy with thyroxine led to complete reversal of clinical, radiologi...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(16)33129-5
更新日期：1978-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between low birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation, and preterm delivery in infants born at a perinatal center is described. Between 20% and 30% of infants born weighing 500 to 2000 gm and nearly 50% of infants born weighing 2001 to 2750 gm had intrauterine growth retardation. For infants withi...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(85)90543-5
更新日期：1985-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence and number of mast cells and their relationship to other inflammatory cells were investigated in smears from intrauterine contraceptive devices. The results obtained suggest a possible role of mast cells in the mechanism of action of intrauterine contraceptive devices, on the basis of the peculiar known f...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(84)90446-0
更新日期：1984-04-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of in utero defecation as a normal function in the human fetus. STUDY DESIGN:The anuses of 240 fetuses were studied sonographically between weeks 15 and 41 of gestation. Fetal defecation was defined as the expulsion of rectal contents through the ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mob.2003.107
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was to evaluate the influence of the route of drug administration and target tissue vascularity on the distribution of a photosensitizer, Photofrin porfimer sodium, in the uterus. STUDY DESIGN:The study was divided in two phases. In phase I 80 mature female rats were hormonally suppressed and the...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(93)90517-m
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously demonstrated in pregnant sheep that ritodrine infusion for 24 hours reduces myometrial beta-adrenergic receptor density and isoproterenol-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity. These receptor-associated changes were accompanied by an increasing inability of ritodrine to inhibit uterine contractility...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(88)90575-3
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Both phosphorylated (p) mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K) are known to regulate protein synthesis and are affected during intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We studied the mTOR pathway during hyperthermia (HT)-induced IUGR in sheep. STUDY DESIGN:Beginning at 40 days g...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2009.07.031
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our purpose was to describe the techniques we have developed to remove nonpalpable subcutaneous and intramuscular Norplant capsules with the patient under local anesthesia and with use of real-time ultrasonographic guidance in an office setting. STUDY DESIGN:This was a noncomparative, descriptive study of ou...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70321-7
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several copper and cupric ion sources were shown to kill or inhibit the growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in vitro. The media used was GC Agar Base supplemented with Isovitalex. Pure copper shot, cupric sulfate, and cupric chloride were used as copper sources. E. coli and Neisseria meningitis were used in addition to...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(73)90889-2
更新日期：1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to examine the association between preeclampsia and cancer incidence. STUDY DESIGN:The Jerusalem Perinatal Study is a population-based cohort of all births to 41,206 residents of Western Jerusalem from 1964-76. Cancer incidence to 2004 was assessed by linkage of the cohort with ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2008.06.057
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to determine the association between genitourinary tract infection with Chlamydia trachomatis and spontaneous preterm birth. STUDY DESIGN:Genitourinary tract infection with C trachomatis was determined with a ligase chain reaction assay of voided urine samples collected at 24 weeks'...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mob.2000.106556
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 16 normal pregnancies the relationship between the blood flow velocity waveform and fetal behavioral states at 37 to 38 weeks' gestation was studied. Whereas behavioral state independency was established for the acceleration time, peak flow velocity demonstrated a statistically significant reduction during active s...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(89)90448-1
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most pregnancies in women under age 20 years, as well as more than half of the pregnancies in the United States, are unintended. Contraceptive use is especially poor in adolescents, for whom the socioeconomic and educational consequences are great. A 1988 study indicated that more than 8% of sexually active adolescent...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(94)05023-4
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated faculty compliance in the use of the global surgical rating scale of the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills to rate resident surgical performance after every endoscopic procedure. STUDY DESIGN:For this prospective cohort study, 4 faculty members in the Minimally Invasive...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2005.07.081
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Six patients having different subtypes of von Willebrand's disease were followed up during eight complete pregnancies. Two additional pregnancies terminated in spontaneous abortions. Five pregnancies ended in cesarean section either because of obstetric problems (three) or electively (two) to avoid infant bleeding. Th...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(86)90290-5
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to determine whether fetal fibronectin determination is more useful for predicting preterm delivery in clinical practice than it has appeared to be in prospective blinded studies. STUDY DESIGN:Charts of 151 patients with fetal fibronectin tests performed during 2 years were reviewed...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mob.2000.105411
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This retrospective study was conducted to determine whether predischarge survival and morbidity of very-low-birth weight infants varied according to the principal pregnancy complication that led to preterm delivery. STUDY DESIGN:The hospital records of 535 consecutive live-born singleton infants who weighed ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(93)90288-t
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prophylactic use of oral terbutaline was studied in 28 normal, healthy, low-risk women with twin gestations. The mean birth weights were significantly increased over those in a similar group of control patients. ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(86)90481-3
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The standard weekly dose of 17-alpha hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17OHP-C; 250 mg/wk) to reduce the risk of recurrent preterm birth was adopted without regard to patient characteristics. We examined the relationship between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational age at birth after 17OHP-C prophyl...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2015.04.018
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy of human fetal brain was performed in the third trimester of pregnancy. Spectra were obtained showing signals assigned to cerebral compounds such as N-acetylaspartate, creatine, and cholines. Relative signal intensities were similar to those observed in neonatal brain spe...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(94)70111-3
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We performed a case-control study of the effect of exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis on the risk for tubal pregnancy. Sixty women with tubal pregnancies and 60 matched control women with normal second-trimester intrauterine pregnancies were studied. Cases were more likely than controls to have detectable antichlamydia...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(88)80177-7
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of postpartum dexamethasone in patients with hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome. STUDY DESIGN:A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted in which 105 women with HELLP syndrome were enrolled and as...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2007.10.797
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We tabulated first-trimester ultrasonography findings in women with recurrent pregnancy loss and determined the rate of subsequent pregnancy loss and live births after demonstration of a live embryo. STUDY DESIGN:Sixty-seven women with three or more recurrent miscarriages underwent first-trimester ultrasonog...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(12)90896-0
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study possible cellular antigonadotropic effects of danazol, monolayer cultures of anterior pituitary cells from immature female rats were treated with danazol. Measurements of luteinizing hormone release in response to 10(-8) mol/L gonadotropin-releasing hormone challenge and iodine 125-labeled gonadotropin-releas...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(86)90673-3
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:With no single regimen recognized as the standard for the treatment of first trimester cervical pregnancy, this report offers a successful treatment option with suction curettage and balloon tamponade. STUDY DESIGN:This is a retrospective review, with institutional review board approval, of 13 consecutive fi...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2014.03.057
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the effects of preprocedure misoprostol on intrauterine device (IUD) placement in nulliparous women. STUDY DESIGN:In this randomized controlled double-blind trial at the University of New Mexico reproductive health clinic, nulliparous women requesting an IUD were randomized to 400 mcg of buccal mi...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2013.11.018
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study investigated the possible roles of interleukin 6 and soluble interleukin 6 receptor in the growth of endometrial and endometriotic cells. STUDY DESIGN:Endometrial and endometriotic stromal cells were collected from the uterus or from ovarian chocolate cysts. We examined the effects of interleukin ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(99)70599-5
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixty patients with chronic pelvic pain were monitored after diagnostic laparoscopy had excluded obvious pelvic pathology. Six months after the procedure only two patients described their symptoms as unchanged or worse. Treatment should be limited to the minority of patients whose symptoms remain 6 months after laparo...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(92)91343-9
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A retrospective study of 56 patients treated for carcinoma in situ of the vulva over a 24-year period has shown a relative increase in the occurrence of this neoplasm. Only 6.7% of patients in the first 14 years of the study period were less than 35 years of age, as compared with 29.3% in the last decade. In the earli...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(84)90669-0
更新日期：1984-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:My purpose was to explore the criteria of The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (Technical Bulletin No. 163) for perinatal asphyxia to be linked to subsequent cerebral palsy. STUDY DESIGN:Analysis of four cases of intrapartum fetal insults with subsequent cerebral palsy and a literature rev...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(95)91419-6
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
