Abstract：
:Alcohol produces many subjective and objective effects in man including pleasure, sedation, anxiolysis, plus impaired eye movements and memory. In human volunteers we have used a newly available GABA-A/benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonist that is selective for the alpha5 subtype (a5IA) to evaluate the role of this subtype in mediating these effects of alcohol on the brain. After pre-treatment with a5IA, we found almost complete blockade of the marked impairment caused by alcohol (mean breath concentration 150mg/100ml) of word list learning and partial but non-significant reversal of subjective sedation without effects on other measures such as intoxication, liking, and slowing of eye movements. This action was not due to alterations in alcohol kinetics and so provides the first proof of concept that selectively decreasing GABA-A receptor function at a specific receptor subtype can offset some actions of alcohol in humans. It also supports growing evidence for a key role of the alpha5 subtype in memory. Inverse agonists at other GABA-A receptor subtypes may prove able to reverse other actions of alcohol, and so offer a new approach to understanding the actions of alcohol in the human brain and in the treatment of alcohol related disorders in humans.
journal_name
Neuropharmacologyjournal_title
Neuropharmacologyauthors
Nutt DJ,Besson M,Wilson SJ,Dawson GR,Lingford-Hughes ARdoi
10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.08.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-12-01 00:00:00pages
810-20issue
7eissn
0028-3908issn
1873-7064pii
S0028-3908(07)00254-7journal_volume
53pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:Thiamethoxam (TMX) is a second-generation neonicotinoid which is known to induce toxic effects on insects and mammalians. Recently, it has been proposed that TMX is a poor agonist of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on isolated cell bodies. Here, we have studied its effect on synaptic transmission. Ou...
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journal_title：Neuropharmacology
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