Abstract：
:To discriminate suitable fire fighters from recurring large groups of applicants, an objective test battery was developed which screened applicants on the basis of physical, psychomotor, and mental abilities. The physical and psychomotor selection procedures first involved fundamental tests of general aerobic endurance, upper body strength, and anaerobic endurance. Successful candidates progressed to more specific tests. Measurements were made of height, weight, hamstring flexibility, balance, strength, upper body flexibility, hand-eye coordination, and the ability to negotiate a fire fighting simulation course. Results of these tests were weighted, allocating 25% to physical tests, 20% to psychomotor tests, and 39% to the simulation course. These scores were then combined with scores of several knowledge tests weighted to be 16% of the whole. This provided a computer-generated ability profile of the top applicants which was considered at their interview before a final selection board of fire service officers. Selected candidates were then required to pass a medical examination. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis of 1984 test results demonstrated general independence of the tests (R = -0.34 to R = 0.52), with the exception of bilateral grip strength (R = 0.77). The first four trials of the selection procedure screened 3,172 applicants, 16.4% of whom were finally selected for interview. City officials estimated that based on a comparison of new and previously used selection procedures, cost savings of +92,500 were being achieved by 1984.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Brownlie L,Brown S,Diewert G,Good P,Holman G,Laue G,Banister Edoi
10.1249/00005768-198512000-00007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-12-01 00:00:00pages
661-6issue
6eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The coordination of blood flow control in exercising skeletal muscle is exemplified by the interaction among muscle fibers, nerves, and the smooth muscle and endothelial cells which comprise the resistance vasculature. During functional hyperemia in active muscle, maximal flow exceeds resting values by 10- to 50-fold,...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the link between stress (measured via salivary cortisol and testosterone), cognition (measured via pupillometry, with greater pupil constriction and reduced pupil constriction latency associated with increased attention and improved information processing), and motor skill capacity (...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002397
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine the longitudinal associations of person-related factors with physical activity (PA) behavior in young adults. METHODS:We analyzed longitudinal self-reported time spent in moderate-intensity PA (MPA; 4-7 METs) and vigorous-intensity PA (VPA; >7 METs) from 499 young adults (49% male) ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000126
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a disorder in which gastric contents move from stomach to esophagus. Exercise is a recognized contributing factor to reflux in healthy volunteers and is reported to be proportional to exercise intensity and the type of exercise. Our aim was to explore changes in physiolog...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000064937.99001.56
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forces that are repeatedly applied to the body could lead to positive remodeling of a structure if the forces fall below the tensile limit of the structure and if sufficient time is provided between force applications. On the other hand, an overuse injury could result if there is inadequate rest time between applied f...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000126803.66636.dd
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During exercise, especially endurance exercise in the heat, vital body fluids and essential ions are lost in sweat, and the body may deplete its glycogen stores. Unless essential body fluids are restored, these conditions can produce hypovolemia, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, hyperthermia, and dehydration. Performance m...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:A cyclical operational model is proposed to examine the interrelationship of a number of factors that are involved in sports injury epidemiology. In sports injury research, investigations often attempt to identify a unique risk factor that distinguishes an injured player. However, a wide variety of factors can ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200112000-00004
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between VO2 and velocity of running (running economy) has been rather casually dealt with until very recently, and there still remains considerable disagreement as to the importance of this variable. Various factors which have been shown, or appear, to affect running economy include environment (tempe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is commonly believed that exposure to cold environmental temperatures depresses immune function and increases the risk for infection. This review paper will 1) present an overview of human physiological responses to cold exposure, 2) present the human studies examining the effects of cold exposure on immune respons...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00005768-200212000-00023
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of increased protein intake on short-term decrements in endurance performance during a block of high-intensity training. METHODS:Trained male cyclists (VO(2max) = 64.2 ± 6.5 mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)) completed two 3-wk trials both divided equally into normal ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181f684c9
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Increased serum testosterone (TST) occurs in response to resistance exercise and is associated with increased muscle mass. However, the effects of elevated TST and sequential resistance exercise bouts on androgen receptor (AR) expression in humans are not well known. This study examined three sequential bouts o...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000139795.83030.d1
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated whether natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T cells expressing cutaneous lymphocyte antigen (CLA)-a homing molecule for endothelial cell leukocyte adhesion molecule 1, which enables transmigration to the skin-are selectively mobilized in response to acute exercise. METHODS:Nine healthy m...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000914
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:We examined the relationships between insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), its binding protein (IGFBP-3), body composition, and bone mineral density (BMD) in collegiate runners (N = 13), gymnasts (N = 10), and noncompetitive women (N = 10). METHODS:Subjects were evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiome...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200011000-00013
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether reflexive, or more broadly, automatic hamstrings excitation could be elicited during isometric, maximum effort, step increases in knee extension torque. Eight healthy subjects without lower extremity dysfunction or injury performed maximum effort isometric knee e...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The best sprint performances are usually reached between the ages of 20 and 30 yr; however, even in well-trained individuals, performance continues to decrease with age. Although this inevitable decrease in performance has been related to reductions in muscular force, velocity, and power capabilities, these mea...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001039
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Closed rupture of the flexor tendon sheath has been known to occur in the elite rock climbing population. However, only one study has investigated the prevalence of this entity. PURPOSE:To examine an elite climbing group in this country for the prevalence of pulley rupture and report on other commonly occur...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200008000-00002
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of training intensity and duration, through a range representative of training in endurance athletes, on acute recovery of autonomic nervous system (ANS) balance after exercise. METHODS:Nine highly trained (HT) male runners (VO2max 72 +/- 5 mL.kg.min(-1), 14 +/- 3 training hours per ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/mss.0b013e318060f17d
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Cardiac aldosterone might be involved in the deleterious effects of nandrolone decanoate (ND) on the heart. Therefore, we investigated the involvement of cardiac aldosterone, by the pharmacological block of AT1 or mineralocorticoid receptors, on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. METHODS:Male Wistar rats were r...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318217e8b6
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Quadriceps strength deficits persist for years after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, and patients with these deficits often shift torque demands away from the knee extensors to the hip during functional tasks. However, it is not clear how quadriceps strength deficits may affect hip strength. Th...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000999
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to determine whether highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), rather than the direct effect of HIV infection, limits peripheral muscle oxygen extraction-utilization (a-vO(2)) in individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS:Fifteen subjects (6 female a...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000074567.61400.93
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Stress-induced cardiovascular reactivity is associated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. This study tested whether a simulated active commute to school dampened cardiovascular reactivity to a cognitive stressor typical to what children might experience during school. METHODS:Forty children (20 g...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181d0c77b
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:The extent of and the interactions between muscle strength, walking speed, postural control, and symptomatic fatigue in multiple sclerosis (MS) are not known, nor are the effects of bilateral strength asymmetries on these variables. PURPOSE:To quantify the magnitude of and the associations between bilateral...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817e32a3
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To test the hypothesis that leg blood flow and leg O2 extraction during peak exercise are reduced with age in healthy normally active women. METHODS:Thirteen younger (20-27 yr) and 12 older (60-71 yr) nonendurance trained women performed graded upright leg cycling to maximum exertion (VO2peak), while leg blood...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000121951.10417.b5
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The objective of this study is to test the feasibility and impact of a 10-wk after-school exercise program for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and/or disruptive behavior disorders living in an urban poor community. METHODS:Children were randomized to an exercise program (n = 19) or a com...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000891
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE:Aging with a sedentary lifestyle is associated with increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether former professional football athleticism would be associated with reduced risk factors for CVD and osteopo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0b013e3180557466
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Carnosine is a dipeptide composed of β-alanine and L-histidine and is present in skeletal muscle. Chronic oral β-alanine supplementation can induce muscle carnosine loading and is therefore seen as the rate-limiting factor for carnosine synthesis. However, the effect of L-histidine supplementation on carnosine ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001213
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of surgical and nonsurgical treatment of previously immobilized ankle fractures on voluntary and evoked contractile properties before and following fatigue. Twelve control and 12 previously immobilized (4-14 wk postfracture) internally fixated and nonfixated ankles w...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199709000-00001
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Patellar tendon abnormality (PTA) on diagnostic imaging is part of the diagnostic criteria for patellar tendinopathy. PTA and altered landing strategies are primary risk factors that increase the likelihood of asymptomatic athletes developing patellar tendinopathy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examin...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318275e0f2
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of three different workplace interventions on long-term compliance, muscle strength gains, and neck/shoulder pain in office workers. METHODS:A 1-yr randomized controlled intervention trial was done with three groups: specific resistance training (SRT, n ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181676640
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to identify anatomical variables associated with plantar-fasciitis sufferers. Selected anatomical variables which were chosen for measurement were leg length, pronation of the subtalar joint, plantar and dorsiflexion ability, and arch height of the foot, as well as the variables height, w...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
