Ecological significance of hypometabolism in nonhuman primates: allometry, adaptation, and deviant diets.

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Here we describe the case of an ectopic maxillary third molar (M3 ), preventing the eruption of the M2 , in the individual H3 of the hominin hypodigm of level TD6.2 of the Early Pleistocene site of Gran Dolina (Sierra de Atapuerca, Spain). MATERIALS AND METHODS:The fossil remains from the TD6.2 level of the...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Martín-Francés L,Martinón-Torres M,Martínez de Pinillos M,Bayle P,Fernández-Colón P,García-Campos C,Modesto-Mata M,Carbonell E,Arsuaga JL,Bermúdez de Castro JM

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ∼37 million-year-old Birket Qarun Locality 2 (BQ-2), in the Birket Qarun Formation of Egypt's Fayum Depression, yields evidence for a diverse primate fauna, including the earliest known lorisiforms, parapithecoid anthropoids, and Afradapis longicristatus, a large folivorous adapiform. Phylogenetic analysis has pla...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Boyer DM,Seiffert ER,Simons EL

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sattenspiel and Harpending (1983, American Antiquity 48(3): 489-498) have stated that the life expectancy at birth (e0(0] which paleodemographers calculate from skeletal population data is actually the mean age at death (ad) of the population. Yet, only when a population is neither growing or declining (i.e., is stati...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Horowitz S,Armelagos G,Wachter K

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On the basis of new examination of ancient DNA and craniometric analyses, Neolithic dispersal in Central Europe has been recently explained as reflecting colonization or at least a major influx of near eastern farmers. Given the fact that Neolithic dispersal in Central Europe was very rapid and extended into a large a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Galeta P,Sládek V,Sosna D,Bruzek J

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well documented in the anthropological literature that the distinctive morphology of the "robust" hominid facial skeleton reflects its dietary specialization. Rak (1983) has provided the most comprehensive evaluation of Paranthropus facial morphology and this important study concluded that bone strain generated ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： McCollum MA

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pliopithecid remains from the Spanish locality of Torrent de Febulines (Late Vallesian, MN 10), consisting of right and left mandibular fragments with partial tooth rows and an isolated P(3) probably belonging to the same individual, are described and assigned to Egarapithecus narcisoi gen. et sp. nov. (Pliopithecidae...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Moyà-Solà S,Köhler M,Alba DM

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:In recent years, several studies have shown that populations from cold, high-latitude regions tend to have relatively shorter limbs than populations from tropical regions, with most of the difference due to the relative length of the zeugopods (i.e., radius, ulna, tibia, fibula). This pattern has been explai...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Betti L,Lycett SJ,von Cramon-Taubadel N,Pearson OM

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To figure out which and how many systems of genetic markers should be used to control for the effects of shared population history in studies examining the association between morphology and climate and to test cranial non-metric traits as an additional source of neutral distances for such studies. MATERIAL...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Evteev AA,Movsesian AA

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report concerns one problem encountered with application of American white dental formation standards to age assessment of sub-adults of archaeological context. Dental ages for eight mandibular permanent teeth and maxillary central and lateral incisors of Arikara Indian immature skeletons were determined accordin...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Owsley DW,Jantz RL

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Nariokotome Homo erectus has an apparent disjunction of inferred age as judged by dental maturity, by epiphyseal closure and by stature, when compared to modern human norms. On this basis, it has been suggested that this fossil hominin differed in its pattern of growth and development from modern humans. In partic...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Clegg M,Aiello LC

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:The higher primate scapula has been subject to many explanations of the putative "adaptive value" of its individual traits. However, the shift from the bone's position in above branch quadrupeds to its more posterolateral position in recent hominoids obviously required fundamental changes to its general form...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Selby MS,Lovejoy CO

更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stepwise discriminant function analysis for sex assessment was applied to 130 North American Black femora. The measurements included femoral length and three midshaft dimensions likely to be preserved in archaeologically-derived and forensic remains. The method correctly assigned sex for 76.4% of the sample (range 70....

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Dibennardo R,Taylor JV

更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Attention is called to a disputed diagnosis of trephination reported for a perforated skull of a prehistoric New England Indian. The perforation, surrounded by a saucer-like depression, is located exactly in the midline just in front of bregma. The finding of a similar lesion in a prehistoric Indian skull from the Nor...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stewart TD

更新日期：1975-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unbiased selection of regions of interest (ROIs) and unbiased definition of histological structures are needed to improve the repeatability of microscopic methods for age at death determination and to reduce operator subjectivity. We present results obtained by selecting ROIs according to stereological principles on a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Villa C,Lynnerup N

更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:Growth standards and references currently used to assess population and individual health are derived primarily from urban populations, including few individuals from indigenous or subsistence groups. Given environmental and genetic differences, growth may vary in these populations. Thus, there is a need to ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Blackwell AD,Urlacher SS,Beheim B,von Rueden C,Jaeggi A,Stieglitz J,Trumble BC,Gurven M,Kaplan H

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Information about primate genomes has re-emphasized the importance of the great apes (Pan, Gorilla, and Pongo) as, for most purposes, the appropriate comparators when generating hypotheses about the most recent common ancestor of the hominins and panins, or the most recent common ancestor of the hominin clade. Great a...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Gordon AD,Marcus E,Wood B

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A recently proposed model for canine reduction in hominid evolution (the "dual selection" model) suggests that canine reduction occurs as a result of selection for incorporation of the canines into a functional incisal field. Among the evidence used to support this model are patterns of wear and occlusion of the canin...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Plavcan JM,Kelley J

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study evaluates the relationship between age at death and pelvic size among adults in three prehistoric Amerindian populations. The issue is to identify if the pelvis continues to grow and remodel in adulthood, or if there is differential survivorship among adults, particularly among females, based on pelvic size...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Tague RG

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been generally assumed and theoretically argued that the curvature of finger and toe bones seen in some nonhuman primates is associated with cheiridial use in an arboreal setting. Assessment of such curvature in fossil primates has been used to infer the positional behavior of these animals. Several methods of ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Stern JT Jr,Jungers WL,Susman RL

更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern humans, among extant hominoids, possess a unique projecting, external nose whose basic structure is reflected in a series of skeletal features including nasal bone convexity, an internasal angle, lateral nasal aperture eversion, prominence and anterior positioning of the anterior nasal spine, an acute angle of ...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Franciscus RG,Trinkaus E

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this review of the evidence for and against taxic diversity within the hominin clade, we begin by looking at the logic and the history of simple "ladder-like" interpretations of the hominin fossil record. We then look at the hominin fossil record in a series of time intervals and use current published evidence abou...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Wood B,K Boyle E

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A very limiting factor for paleoanthropological studies is the poor state of preservation of the human fossil record, where fragmentation and deformation are considered normal. Although anatomical information can still be gathered from a distorted fossil, such specimens must typically be excluded from advanced morphol...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Benazzi S,Gruppioni G,Strait DS,Hublin JJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Within- and between-species variation in restriction endonuclease recognition sites was examined at the Y-linked RPS4Y locus of six hominoid species: human (Homo sapiens), gorilla (Gorilla gorilla), chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), bonobo (Pan paniscus), orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus), and gibbon (Hylobates lar). RPS4Y is an...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Samollow PB,Cherry LM,Witte SM,Rogers J

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enamel hypoplasias, deficiencies in enamel thickness resulting from disturbances during the secretory phase of enamel development, are generally believed to result from nonspecific metabolic and nutritional disruptions. However, data are scare on the prevalence and chronological distributions. of hypoplasias in popula...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Goodman AH,Allen LH,Hernandez GP,Amador A,Arriola LV,Chávez A,Pelto GH

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metric and morphological characterizations of the permanent teeth from a total of 155 prehistoric Amerindians are presented. The individuals represent samples from three Ohio Valley burial complexes (considered together as the Late Diffuse group): Glacial Kame, Adena and Ohio Hopewell. Metric data include common measu...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Sciulli PW

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leprosy was a well-recognized and dreaded disease in medieval Europe (5th-15th century AD). It is reported to have reached Germany with the Roman invasion. A much larger fraction than previously assumed appears to have been affected by leprosy in the medieval period. This article estimates the frequency (i.e., the pre...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Boldsen JL

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey of nine polymorphic loci for 82 North Amerindian populations was undertaken to test the hypothesis that increasing levels of sociocultural complexity are ineluctably accompanied by increased heterozygosity. The data reveal a significant relationship in the predicted direction. Moreover, the significant correl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Suarez BK,O'Rourke DH,Crouse JD

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The limbic frontal cortex forms part of the neural substrate responsible for emotional reactions to social stimuli. Area 13 is one of the cortical areas long known to be part of the posterior orbitofrontal cortex in several monkey species, such as the macaque. Its presence nevertheless in the human brain has been uncl...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Semendeferi K,Armstrong E,Schleicher A,Zilles K,Van Hoesen GW

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We documented the spacing and distribution of perikymata on the buccal enamel surface of fossil hominin anterior teeth with reference to a sample of modern human and modern great ape teeth. A sample of 27 anterior teeth attributed to Australopithecus (5 to A. afarensis, 22 to A. africanus) and of 33 attributed to Para...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Dean MC,Reid DJ

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dental attrition scores from two distinct Australian Aboriginal populations were compared by principal axis analysis. The first group was composed of members of the Narrinyeri group who occupied the river basin and mouth of the River Murray. The second group consisted of members of the Kaurna tribe who occupied the co...

journal_title：American journal of physical anthropology

authors： Richards LC

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00