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Chronic rejection after combined liver and small bowel transplantation in a child with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction: a case report.

Abstract：

:An 11-year-old boy with irreversible intestinal failure secondary to chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) and intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) underwent a combined en bloc reduced liver and small bowel transplantation. He was discharged home after 9 weeks on full oral intake without requiring intravenous nutritional or fluid supplementation. The first episode of mild acute rejection, which occurred 18 months after transplantation, was successfully treated with steroids. An episode of rotavirus gastroenteritis led to severe exfoliative rejection of the bowel graft, which was resistant to steroid and Infliximab treatment but responded to OKT3. There was associated Epstein-Barr virus viremia with no evidence of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. Another episode of moderate to severe acute liver rejection occurred 5 months later. At the same time, multiple biliary strictures were diagnosed and treated. Persistent clinical symptoms of abdominal pain and increased stomal output as well as atrophy of the ileal mucosa on several biopsies, suggested the possibility of chronic rejection (CR). A second combined whole liver and small bowel transplant was performed. The diagnosis of CR was confirmed on histology of the explanted graft. The postoperative course was severely complicated and 71 days after the retransplantation, the boy died because of respiratory failure and multiorgan failure. In summary, intestinal transplantation can be successfully performed in children with CIPO, giving them the opportunity to be free from total parenteral nutrition. As survival following intestinal transplantation continues to improve, the problem of CR has become increasingly important and the only treatment available is retransplantation, which is associated with poor outcomes.

journal_name

Transplant Proc

journal_title

Transplantation proceedings

authors

Giovanelli M,Gupte GL,Sharif K,Mayer DA,Mirza DF

doi

10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.01.066

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-06-01 00:00:00

pages

1763-7

issue

eissn

0041-1345

issn

1873-2623

pii

S0041-1345(08)00319-9

journal_volume

pub_type

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Chronic rejection after combined liver and small bowel transplantation in a child with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction: a case report.