Abstract:
:ABSTRACT During gel (gum) formation in angiosperm trees, fibrillar material accumulated in protective layers of xylem parenchyma cells before being secreted across half-bordered pit membranes into vessel elements. Immunogold labeling demonstrated that this fibrillar material was mainly composed of partially esterified pectic polysaccharides. The primary wall of expanding tyloses, an extension of the parenchyma protective layer, secreted similar pectic substances to completely block vessel elements. In most studies, these occluding structures were reported to be formed in response to causative factors such as aging processes, injuries, or infections. Current observations support the view that partial to complete embolism, which almost always accompanies these factors, might be the main cause triggering the formation of vessel occlusions. Whereas pectin seems to be the basic component of gels (gums) and of the external layer of tyloses, other substances, such as phenols, were also detected either as a part of these plugs or as accumulations beside them in vessels. Finally, it is proposed that the term 'gel' instead of 'gum' be used in future studies to describe the occluding material secreted by ray and paratracheal parenchyma cells.
journal_name
Phytopathologyjournal_title
Phytopathologyauthors
Rioux D,Nicole M,Simard M,Ouellette GBdoi
10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.6.494subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
494-505issue
6eissn
0031-949Xissn
1943-7684journal_volume
88pub_type
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