Abstract:
:The importance of sexual recombination in determining fungal population structure cannot be inferred solely from the relative abundance of sexual and asexual spores and reproductive structures. To complement a previously reported study of proportions of Mycosphaerella graminicola ascocarps and pycnidia, we investigated the share of sexual recombinants among isolates randomly derived from the same field at the same time. Early in three successive growing seasons (those ending in 1998, 1999, and 2000), field plots of the susceptible winter wheat cultivar Stephens were inoculated with suspensions of two M. graminicola isolates that each had rare alleles at restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) loci. Near harvest time, leaves were randomly sampled from the same plots, and a population of over 100 monopycnidial isolates was created for each year of the experiment. Natural populations were also sampled from noninoculated plots in the 1999 and 2000 seasons, in order to compare allele frequencies. Based on RFLP haplotypes and DNA fingerprints, isolates from the inoculated plots were categorized by both inspection and Bayesian methods as inoculant clones, recombinants, or immigrants. Inoculation in the 2000 season was delayed, and the recovery rate of inoculant types was just 1 to 2%. In 1998, a high-disease year, and 1999, a low-disease year, inoculants comprised 36 and 22 to 23% of end-of-season samples, respectively. In those 2 years, recombinants as a percentage of inoculant descendants (both sexual and asexual) were 35 and 32%, respectively. By comparison, the study of fruiting bodies had found 93 and 32% of M. graminicola fruiting bodies were ascocarps in 1998 and 1999, respectively. These findings support the hypothesis that sexual recombination makes a relatively consistent contribution to M. graminicola population structure, despite differences in epidemic severity and ascocarp proportions.
journal_name
Phytopathologyjournal_title
Phytopathologyauthors
Cowger C,Brunner PC,Mundt CCdoi
10.1094/PHYTO-98-7-0752subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-07-01 00:00:00pages
752-9issue
7eissn
0031-949Xissn
1943-7684journal_volume
98pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PHYTOPATHOLOGY文献大全abstract::ABSTRACT Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice blast, forms a dome-shaped melanized infection structure, an appressorium, to infect its host. Environmental cues that induce appressorium formation in this fungus include the hydrophobicity and hardness of the contact surface and chemicals produced by the host. An...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.1.58
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Relationships between environmental factors and release of ascospores of Anisogramma anomala, the causal agent of eastern filbert blight, were examined in four European hazelnut (Corylus avellana) orchards during a 2-year period. In each orchard, Burkhard volumetric spore traps and automated weather-monitorin...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.2.122
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is an extensively studied RNA virus known to infect tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) and other solanaceous crops. TMV has been classified as a seedborne virus in tobacco, with infection of developing seedlings thought to occur from contact with the TMV-infected seed coat. The mechanism of TMV tra...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-06-19-0201-FI
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reniform nematode (RN) is an important pest in cotton production. Knowledge of the distribution patterns of RN is essential for selecting sampling strategies and for site-specific management. A 3-year study was conducted in two fields in South Carolina with the purpose of characterizing the distribution of RN using a ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-09-14-0240-R
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Temperature is a critical factor in plant disease development. As part of a research program to determine how specific environmental variables affect soybean rust, we determined temperature effects on urediniospore germination and germ tube growth of four isolates of Phakopsora pachyrhizi, one each from Brazi...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-97-8-0997
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The influence exerted by Pythium group F (a minor pathogen ubiquitous in soilless cultures) and P. uncinulatum (a nonpathogenic species) colonization on tomato roots was investigated. In both interactions, infected roots did not exhibit obvious symptoms; however, major physiological changes occurred within th...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.3.234
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Chemical applications, with the exception of mancozeb, reduced population sizes and spread of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis among tomato seedlings in the greenhouse and impacted subsequent plant development and yield in the field. While applications of copper hydroxide, copper hydroxide/manco...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.1.38
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT This study reports the presence of two fractions from corn seeds inhibitory to aflatoxin formation. Using a sensitive laboratory assay that can measure both inhibition of fungal growth and inhibition of aflatoxin biosynthesis, we examined aqueous extracts from seeds of Tex6, a corn inbred shown to be highly r...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.6.622
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Apple fruit tissues infected with Botryosphaeria dothidea were examined by transmission electron microscopy using susceptible cv. Fuji and resistant cv. Jonathan. Immature (green) and mature (red) fruits of cv. Fuji with restricted or expanding lesions were also examined to reveal subcellular characteristics ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.2.165
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of a new disease occurred in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fields in northwest Argentina starting in the 2009-10 growing season and is still spreading steadily. The characteristic symptoms of the disease included slight leaf rolling and a bushy phenotype in the upper part of the plant. In this study, we dete...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-09-16-0349-R
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to investigate the host range of Eutypa lata in the major grape-growing regions in California and to analyze the phenotypic variation and phylogenetic diversity of E. lata isolates. Perithecia of E. lata were found on grapevines, in apricot, almond, cherry, apple, and pear tree orchar...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-02-10-0040
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT A total of 126 field studies reporting deoxynivalenol (DON; ppm) content of harvested wheat grain and Fusarium head blight index (IND; field or plot-level disease severity) were analyzed to determine the overall mean regression slope and intercept for the relationship between DON and IND, and the influence of...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-96-0951
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Inoculation of bean hypocotyls with a nonpathogenic binucleate Rhizoctonia (BNR) species induced systemic resistance and protection of the roots and cotyledons to later challenge with the root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia solani or the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Bean seedlings that were t...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1998.88.4.359
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemileia vastatrix caused a severe epidemic in Central America in 2012-13. The gradual development of that epidemic on nearly a continental scale suggests that dispersal at different scales played a significant role. Shade has been proposed as a way of reducing uredospore dispersal. The effect of shade (two strata: Er...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-02-15-0058-R
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few molecular details of effectors of Heterodera avenae parasitism are known. We performed a high-throughput sequencing analysis of the H. avenae transcriptome at five developmental stages. A total of 82,549 unigenes were ultimately obtained, and 747 transcripts showed best hits to genes putatively encoding carbohydra...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-07-17-0226-R
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, is among the most damaging agricultural pests, particularly to tomato. The mutualistic endophytes Fusarium oxysporum strain Fo162 (Fo162) and Rhizobium etli strain G12 (G12) have been shown to systemically induce resistance toward M. incognita. By using triple-split-root ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-04-11-0120
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Pasteuria penetrans is a bacterial parasite of root-knot nematodes that shows great potential as a biocontrol agent. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the ultrastructure, morphology, and sporogenesis of four isolates of P. penetrans. The effects of different Meloidogyne spp. and...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1997.87.3.273
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Infection of soybean (Glycine max) plants inoculated with particles of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV) isolate 425 at 12 days after germination was monitored throughout the life cycle of the plant (vegetative growth, flowering, seed formation, and seed maturation) by western blot analysis of tissue samples. At 8 ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.2001.91.10.941
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wine contamination with ochratoxin A (OTA) is due to the attack of wine grapes by ochratoxigenic Aspergillus carbonarius and Aspergillus spp. section Nigri. Four A. pullulans strains, AU14-3-1, AU18-3B, AU34-2, and LS30, are resistant to and actively degrade ochratoxin A in vitro. The less toxic ochratoxin alpha and t...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-98-12-1261
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zebra chip (ZC) of potato is putatively caused by the fastidious, phloem-limited bacterium 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso), which is transmitted by the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli). The disease, which significantly impacts both crop yield and quality, was first identified in the United States f...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-12-14-0365-FI
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resin obtained from Pinus radiata and five monoterpene components of resin (limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, camphene, and myrcene) were tested to determine their effects on mycelial growth and germination and survival of spores of Fusarium circinatum, the cause of pitch canker in pine, and F. temperatum, which is interf...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-02-14-0027-R
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The manner in which deoxynivalenol (DON) and nivalenol (NIV) accumulation progresses in wheat grain infected with Fusarium graminearum and the influence of the time of infection on the accumulation of toxins were investigated. Four cultivars were tested in a greenhouse environment, where the plants were spray inoculat...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-100-8-0763
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Rain simulation studies were performed to compare splash dispersal of three Colletotrichum species: C. acutatum (C. acutatum-O isolate from Ohio and C. acutatum-M isolate from Mississippi), C. fragariae (isolate from Mississippi), and C. gloeosporioides (isolate from Florida). Conidial dispersal was assessed ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.1999.89.7.555
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, spatial analyses were conducted at three different scales to better understand the epidemiology of rice blast, a major rice disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae. At the regional scale, across the major rice production regions in China, rice blast incidence was monitored on 101 dates at 193 stations from...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-01-18-0006-R
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus thornei is a major pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in many regions globally. Resistance of wheat genotypes to P. thornei can be determined from final nematode population densities in glasshouse experiments but combining results across multiple experiments presents challenges...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-06-19-0203-R
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease that causes significant reductions in yield and quality in wheat and barley. Barley grains infected with deoxynivalenol (DON), a vomitoxin produced by Fusarium graminearum, are rejected for malting and brewing. Among six-rowed barley cultivars tested thus fa...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.10.1079
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Key weather factors determining the occurrence and severity of powdery mildew and yellow rust epidemics on winter wheat were identified. Empirical models were formulated to qualitatively predict a damaging epidemic (>5% severity) and quantitatively predict the disease severity given a damaging epidemic occurred. The d...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-98-5-0609
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) in the etiology of grapevine leaf mottling and deformation was investigated by biological and molecular assays. A survey on different cultivars from the Trentino Region in Italy showed a widespread distribution of GPGV, which was associated with symptomatic (79%) but also ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-09-14-0241-R
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT The capacity of the microflora in rockwool to suppress Pythium aphanidermatum, the causative agent of root and crown rot in cucumber, was assessed. Disease development of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) grown on rockwool was evaluated in an "ebb-and-flood" system with a recirculating nutrient solution after inocul...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO.2000.90.2.125
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ABSTRACT During formation of appressoria produced from conidia and ascospores of Venturia inaequalis, a dark brown ring structure was detected at the base of appressoria. This melanized appressorial ring structure (MARS) was attached to the leaf surface like a sealing ring and formed the fungus-plant interface; it is ...
journal_title:Phytopathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1094/PHYTO-97-10-1222
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00