Abstract:
:A comparison of the under-18 (U-18) and under-16 (U-16) squads of the Canadian national soccer team with a representative sample of Canadians (Canada Fitness Survey, 1983) showed a tendency for the development or selection of the older players in teams of stature (U-18, 175.8 cm; U-16, 171.1 cm; CFS, 170.9 cm) and lean body mass (U-18, 63.4; U-16, 57.9; CFS, 54.2 kg). The larger lean mass of the older players could not be explained simply by size. The U-18s also showed greater isokinetic leg extension force (particularly for rapid movements) and explosive strength (vertical jump) relative to the younger players, although the knee extension force was less than in some classes of athlete. Part of the gain in mass seems due to local training of the hip and leg muscles and part to a more general muscular development. Contrary to some reports, the hip flexibility of the Canadian players (sit and reach test) was greater than for a national sample; this may be important in avoiding soft tissue injuries to the legs. However, aerobic power (58.3 +/- 5.3 ml kg-1 min-1) and body fat (8.0 +/- 1.1%) were unremarkable.
journal_name
J Sports Scijournal_title
Journal of sports sciencesauthors
Leatt P,Shephard RJ,Plyley MJdoi
10.1080/02640418708729774subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-07-01 00:00:00pages
165-75issue
2eissn
0264-0414issn
1466-447Xjournal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::There is a paucity of studies that have evaluated substrate utilisation and protein catabolism during multiday strenuous exercise in athletes. Eleven well-trained male cyclists completed 3 h of race-simulated cycling on 4 consecutive days. Cyclist exercised 2 h postprandially and with carbohydrate supplementation (~50...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.949827
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study involved a systematic video analysis of 16 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries sustained by elite-level netball players during televised games in order to describe the game situation, the movement patterns involved, the player's behaviour, and a potential injury mechanism. Eight of the ACL injuries we...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2015.1121285
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle weakness is considered a risk factor for ankle injury. Balance training and barefoot running have been used in an attempt to strengthen the muscles crossing the ankle. It is expected that training tasks that successfully strengthen the ankle would elicit increased muscular activity. However, it is unknown how a...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2015.1072640
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigated whether video modelling can enhance gymnasts' performance of the circle on a pommel horse. The procedure associated expert-modelling with self-modelling and quantitative performance analysis. Sixteen gymnasts were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (1) a modelling group, which recei...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/02640410500432243
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rowing, power is inevitably lost as kinetic energy is imparted to the water during push-off with the blades. Power loss is estimated from reconstructed blade kinetics and kinematics. Traditionally, it is assumed that the oar is completely rigid and that force acts strictly perpendicular to the blade. The aim of the...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2010.495994
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emotions experienced before and during sports competition have been found to influence sports performance. Emotion regulation is defined as the automatic or deliberate use of strategies to initiate, maintain, modify or display emotions (Gross & Thompson, 2007) and is proposed to occur when a discrepancy exists between...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2012.693621
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we examined the relationships between body sway, aim point fluctuation and performance in rifle shooting on an inter- and intra-individual basis. Six elite shooters performed 20 shots under competition conditions. For each shot, body sway parameters and four aim point fluctuation parameters were quantif...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/0264041031000101881
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The International Paralympic Committee (IPC) and individual sports federations have established the need to develop evidence-based systems of classification for athletes with vision impairment (VI) that may differ depending on the visual demands of each sport. As a consequence, research has been conducted that led to ...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1851923
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of present study was to examine the relationships between serum and salivary values of free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and cortisol before and after a session of resistance exercise. Twenty-eight healthy men (mean age 40 years, s = 4) participated in the present study. Serum and salivary samples wer...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640410801919526
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to investigate activation characteristics of the biceps femoris long head (BFlh) and semitendinosus (ST) muscles during the acceleration and maximum-speed phases of sprinting. Lower-extremity kinematics and electromyographic (EMG) activities of the BFlh and ST muscles were examined during the accelera...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2017.1375548
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The addition of whey protein to a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink has been shown to enhance post-exercise rehydration when a volume below that recommended for full fluid balance restoration is provided. We investigated if this held true when volumes sufficient to restore fluid balance were consumed and if differences m...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2014.925570
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and correlates of adolescents' resistance training (RT) skill competence. Participants were 548 adolescents (14.1 ± 0.5 years) from 16 schools in New South Wales, Australia. RT skills were assessed using the Resistance Training Skills Battery. Demographics, BMI, muscu...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2017.1370822
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of post-exercise ingestion of a unique, high molecular weight glucose polymer solution, known to augment gastric emptying and post-exercise muscle glycogen re-synthesis, on performance during a subsequent bout of intense exercise. On three randomized visits, eig...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/02640410701361548
更新日期:2008-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Research has shown that talented athletes outscore their mainstream peers on the basis of self-regulation. Although valuable, this does not tell us more about the distinction between good athletes and the best, which is a prerequisite in talent development. Therefore, we examined the self-regulatory skills of 222 male...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640411003797157
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is limited empirical evidence of the relationship between attributions following failure and subsequent task performance. Two studies manipulated the perceived controllability and stability of causes of initial task failure and explored the impact of these factors on perceptions of self-efficacy and follow-up pe...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640410903030297
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to assess which of the equations that estimate peak power output and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) in the velodrome adapt best to the measurements made by reference systems. Thirty-four endurance cyclists and triathletes performed one incremental test in the laboratory and two tests in the v...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640410701646245
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to compare differentiated training loads (TL) between fitness responders and non-responders to an eight-week pre-season training period in a squad of thirty-five professional rugby union players. Differential TL were calculated by multiplying player's perceptions of breathlessness (sRPE-B) and leg muscle exer...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2018.1461449
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined if short-duration record power outputs can be predicted with the Anaerobic Power Reserve (APR) model in professional cyclists using a field-based approach. Additionally, we evaluated if modified model parameters could improve predictive ability of the model. Twelve professional cyclists (V̇O2max 75...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2018.1522684
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the effect of cold water immersion and active recovery on thermoregulation and repeat cycling performance in the heat, ten well-trained male cyclists completed five trials, each separated by one week. Each trial consisted of a 30-min exercise task, one of five 15-min recoveries (intermittent cold water immer...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/02640410701567425
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the influence of caffeine supplementation on cognitive performance and perceptual responses in female team-game players taking low-dose monophasic oral contraceptives of the same hormonal composition. Ten females (24 ± 4 years; 59.7 ± 3.5 kg body mass; 2-6 training sessions per week) took part in a randomi...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/02640414.2015.1052746
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skilled golfers are reported to be more flexible than lesser able golfers, which may assist in increased x-factor (shoulder-pelvis separation) at the top of the backswing. However, it is unknown if increased flexibility produces faster clubhead speed. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations amongst t...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2016.1252052
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-country skiing is a complex endurance sport requiring technical skills, in addition to considerable physiological and tactical abilities. This review aims to identify biomechanical factors that influence the performance of cross-country skiers. Four electronic databases were searched systematically for original ...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1775375
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory-based studies indicate mild dehydration adversely affects mood. Although ultra-endurance events often result in mild to moderate dehydration, little research has evaluated whether the relationship between hydration status and mood state also exists in these arduous events. Therefore, the purpose of this stu...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2015.1021275
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we examined the influence of shoe lacing on foot biomechanics in running. Twenty experienced rearfoot runners ran in six different lacing conditions across a force platform at a speed of 3.3 m . s(-1). Foot pronation during contact, tibial acceleration, and plantar pressure distribution of the ri...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640410802482425
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were to examine the test-retest reliability and construct validity of the flywheel (FW)-squat test. Twenty male amateur team sports athletes (mean±SD: age 23±3 years) completed one familiarization session and two testing sessions including: FW-squat test with an inertial load of 0.061 kg.m2, sta...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2020.1827530
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::High ground reaction forces during the front foot contact phase of the bowling action are believed to be a major contributor to the high prevalence of lumbar stress fractures in fast bowlers. This study aimed to investigate the influence of front leg technique on peak ground reaction forces during the delivery stride....
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640414.2012.736628
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic fatigue in the athletic population is a common but difficult diagnostic challenge for the sports physician. While a degree of fatigue may be normal for any athlete during periods of high-volume training, the clinician must be able to differentiate between this physiological fatigue and more prolonged, severe f...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/026404197367353
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous planar models of the downswing in golf have suggested that upper limb segments (left shoulder girdle and left arm) move in a consistent fixed plane and that the clubhead also moves only in this plane. This study sought to examine these assumptions. Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of seven right-handed go...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640410410001730179
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In modern sprint cross-country skiing, strength and maximal speed are major determinants of performance. The aims of this study were to ascertain the anthropometric characteristics of world-class sprint skiers and to evaluate whether a specific body composition and/or body dimension characterizes a successful sprint s...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640410903414160
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine male triathletes were studied during 160 min of exercise at 65% VO2 max on two occasions to examine the effect of glucose polymer ingestion on energy and fluid balance. During one trial they received 200 ml of a 10% glucose polymer solution at 20 min intervals during exercise (CHO), while in the other they receiv...
journal_title:Journal of sports sciences
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1080/02640418908729817
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00