Abstract：
:Ethylene glycol classically produces an elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis. We report a series of patients with ethylene glycol toxicity with a component of non-anion gap metabolic acidosis without known associated confounding factors. A retrospective review of Poison Control Center records were searched more than 8 years (2000-2007) for ethylene glycol and antifreeze. Cases were reviewed and excluded for miscoding, information calls, animal exposures, or non-ingestion exposures. The bicarbonate gap, or delta ratio (DR), was calculated using the formula: DR = (AG - 12)/[24 - measured serum where anion gap (AG) = [Na(+)] - [Cl(-)] - , all in mEq/l. Non-anion gap metabolic acidosis was considered present when the DR < 1. Of 254 cases, 175 were excluded. Of the remaining 79 cases, 14 had a component of non-anion gap metabolic acidosis at presentation. Their calculated anion gap was 14-28, and measured serum ranged from 2-20 mEq/l. A normal anion gap was present in two patients who presented with non-anion gap metabolic acidosis. The DR ranged from 0.28-0.95. Seven out of 14 patients with non-anion gap metabolic acidosis had elevated serum [Cl(-)]. In the other cases, no explanation for the non-anion gap metabolic acidosis could be determined. The absence of a significant anion gap elevation in the setting of metabolic acidosis after ethylene glycol ingestion without other confounding factors (such as ethanol, lithium carbonate or bromide) has not previously been recognized. Clinicians should be aware of the potential for non-anion gap metabolic acidosis in patients with ethylene glycol toxicity, and should not exclude the diagnosis in patients who present with a non-anion gap metabolic acidosis. Further study is needed to determine the mechanisms by which this occurs.
journal_name
Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicoljournal_title
Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicologyauthors
Soghoian S,Sinert R,Wiener SW,Hoffman RSdoi
10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00334.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
22-6issue
1eissn
1742-7835issn
1742-7843pii
PTO334journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a life-threatening mucocutaneous disease with high mortality. Dithiocarbamates (DTC) are organosulphur compounds widely used in agriculture, industry and households. We report a case of TEN after exposure to mancozeb in fungicide. A 48-year-old 75 kg b.w. man was admitted with fever...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12430
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The dry root of Sophora flavescens Ait. (SF) has long been used in a variety of Chinese herbal formulations to treat patients with cancer. Alkaloids are commonly known to present in SF as main active constituents. Here, we report that among the six characterized SF-derived quinolizidine alkaloids including sophoridine...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00653.x
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxycodone is O-demethylated by CYP2D6 to oxymorphone which is a potent micro-receptor agonist. The CYP2D6 oxidation polymorphism divides the Caucasian population in two phenotypes: approximately 8% with no enzyme activity, poor metabolizers (PM) and the remainder with preserved CYP2D6 activity, extensive metabolizers ...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00378.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies have suggested that human exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields from the electric power and to mobile phone radiofrequency electromagnetic fields induce an increased risk of developing malignant tumours. However, no adequate laboratory data, in particular long-term carcinog...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcpt.13215
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that generation of free radicals is increased following pentylenetetrazol kindling, due to increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentrations. Topiramate, a voltage-gated calcium channel inhibitor, has an evident effect in the treatment of childhood epilepsy; however, topiramate may cause nephrotoxici...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00271.x
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA, but not those of COX-1, were reported to be raised significantly after peripheral inflammation in the rat spinal cord. The aim of the present study was to ascertain whether this pattern of COX-2 and COX-1 expression applies also to other pain conditions induced by surgical proc...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_457.x
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several investigations demonstrate that neurotoxins isolated from venoms of spiders and wasps may exert specific and selective activity on structures of the mammalian CNS. In the present work we examine the neurological effects of the low molecular weight compounds of the denatured venom of the neotropical social wasp...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2005.pto_137.x
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seijo-bofu-to, a traditional medicine used to treat acne in Asian countries, contains twelve herbal components, including Angelica dahurica root, a source of furanocoumarin derivatives. In this study, we investigated potential herb-drug interactions of seijo-bofu-to in healthy male volunteers. Thirty-two young, health...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12224
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence of poor prescribing is widespread including overuse of medicines, underuse of effective medicines, avoidable adverse drug reactions and medication errors. Junior doctors who have recently graduated are responsible for much of the prescribing that takes place in hospitals and are implicated in many of the adve...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type：
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00141.x
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacovigilance centres monitor the safety of drugs, based on adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported by doctors, pharmacists and pharmaceutical companies. However, the under-reporting of ADRs remains a major problem. Our aim was to investigate preparedness of future doctors for their role in pharmacovigilance, by as...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12712
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clozapine and caffeine are metabolised mainly by the cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2) enzyme. Studies suggest that caffeine in coffee inhibits clozapine metabolism and increases serum clozapine concentrations. Our objective was to study whether coffee in the amounts usually consumed has an effect on steady-state serum cloz...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The era of immunotherapies was unleashed in 2010 with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of the first therapeutic vaccine sipuleucel-T as a standard treatment for metastatic prostate cancer. Next, the first immune-activating anticytotoxic lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody ipilimumab exhibiting 'immun...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12320
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on BPA Toxicity (CLARITY-BPA) involved the Food and Drug Administration, the National Toxicology Program and 14 academic investigators funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences. Two key questions to be answered by CLARITY-BPA were as follo...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcpt.13195
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between haem biosynthesis and intestinal iron absorption in mice was investigated by ascertaining the effect of the haem synthesis inhibitor, griseofulvin, on duodenal iron absorption using both in vivo and in vitro measurements. Urinary 5-aminolaevulinic acid levels were increased within 24 hr of fee...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2004.pto940402.x
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP) has been connected to learning, memory and mood. Changes in serum or plasma POP activity have been linked to psychiatric disorders. POP has been thought to interfere in these conditions by cleaving neuroactive peptides or via the phosphatidylinositol second messenger system. However, little...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2010.00626.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we investigated the hepatoprotective effects of salvianolic acid A, a novel antioxidant, against oxidative stress and acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) in rats, and the mechanisms underlying its protective effects. Administration of CCl(4) to rats caused severe hepatic d...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7835.2007.00020.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the influence of single or repeated low-level sarin inhalation exposure on immune functions, inbred BALB/c mice were exposed to low clinically asymptomatic concentrations of sarin for 60 min. in the inhalation chamber. The evaluation of immune functions was carried out using phenotyping of CD3 (T-lymphocytes)...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2004.pto940307.x
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ponesimod, a selective S1P1 receptor modulator, is a potential therapeutic agent for autoimmune disorders. The impact of hepatic or renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of ponesimod and its inactive metabolites, ACT-204426 and ACT-338375, was evaluated. Two separate single-centre, open-lab...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12516
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic polymorphisms influence the metabolism of ethanol and methanol, but the potential effects of genetic predisposition on the clinical course, outcome and short-term health sequelae of acute methanol poisoning are unknown. To evaluate the role of the MEOS system in methanol poisoning, we analysed the effect of th...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12310
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the effects of (1,4)-alpha-D-glucan (alpha-DG), a novel immune stimulatory drug from Tinospora cordifolia, on the concentration of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1beta, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha], gamma-interferon [IFN-gamma] and IL-10) in the lung and spleen...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00447.x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reactivating and therapeutic efficacy of three original bispyridinium oximes (K727, K733 and K203) and one currently available oxime (trimedoxime) was evaluated in tabun-poisoned rats and mice. The oxime-induced reactivation of tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase was measured in diaphragm and brain of tabun-poiso...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12327
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Is it not more comfortable to spit saliva in a tube than to be pricked with a needle to draw blood to analyse your health and disease risk? Many patients, study participants and (parents of) young children undoubtedly prefer non-invasive and convenient procedures. Such procedures increase compliance rates especially f...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12721
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluorochemicals are a diverse group of synthetically produced compounds with the unique ability to repel water as well as oil. This property makes them ideal for multiple purposes in a variety of consumer and industrial products. Fluorochemicals have been detected in the environment, as well as in human blood, urine a...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12208
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Simvastatin (SV), a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, is widely used for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. The objectives of the present study were to develop a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model for simvastatin and to evaluate its usefulness in predicting the dose-response relationship of simvastatin...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00700.x
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Opioids alter resting state brain oscillations by multiple and complex factors, which are still to be elucidated. To increase our knowledge, multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was subjected to multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), to identify the most descriptive frequency bands and scalp locations altered by ...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12330
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) models can be useful tools in new drug development and also optimal drug therapy in patients. This study was designed to develop a PK/PD model of sitagliptin based on the physiology of incretin. The PK/PD data included information derived from two different studies. Study 1 was ...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12068
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Annona vepretorum Mart. (Annonaceae), popularly known as 'bruteira', has nutritional and medicinal uses. This study investigated the chemical composition and antitumour potential of the essential oil of A. vepretorum leaf alone and complexed with β-cyclodextrin in a microencapsulation. The essential oil was obtained b...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12488
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obesity is an increasing health problem, not only in developed countries but also all over the world. In addition to the focus on food intake and energy expenditure, current studies suggest two other important influences on adult body weight: birth weight and postnatal rate of growth. A common procedure in laboratory ...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2007.00195.x
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tamoxifen has been suggested to produce beneficial cardiovascular effects, although the mechanisms for these effects are not fully known. Moreover, although tamoxifen metabolites may exhibit 30-100 times higher potency than the parent drug, no previous study has compared the effects produced by tamoxifen and its metab...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1742-7843.2009.00377.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with several skeletal alterations, particularly in conditions of poor glycaemic control. Insulin therapy is the major conservative treatment for T1DM; however, the effects of this hormone on bone markers of T1DM rats are limited, and the regulatory mechanisms remain elusiv...
journal_title：Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/bcpt.12672
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
