Abstract：
:Fibers are broadly classified as soluble and insoluble based on their physical or analytical properties. Two human studies have been carried out in this laboratory utilizing soluble gums. The first compared a low fiber diet to the diet with an average of 19.5 g of added fiber per day from cellulose, an insoluble fiber, or carboxymethylcellulose gum, karaya gum or locust bean gum, all soluble fibers. Plasma cholesterol levels but not triglycerides were significantly lower when the soluble gums were consumed for 4 weeks each. Glucose and insulin response curves after a standard glucose tolerance test were not significantly different between the 5 diets. Adding refined fibers to the basal diet did not significantly affect apparent mineral balance of calcium, magnesium, manganese, iron, copper or zinc, with the exception of a negative manganese balance after carboxymethylcellulose. The second study added an average of 31.7 g of guar gum per day to the diets of non-insulin dependent diabetic individuals for 6 months. Lipid levels observed at the beginning of the study were not reduced in either group, placebo or guar gum supplemented. Consumption of guar gum significantly reduced the C-peptide but not the glucose response curve. The number of insulin receptors increased while affinity remained the same. Apparent mineral balance was not affected by the consumption of guar gum for 6 months. The combined results of these studies indicates that soluble refined gums may have therapeutic value in reducing cholesterol and improving glucose metabolism without adversely affecting most mineral balances.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Behall KMdoi
10.1007/978-1-4684-5784-1_2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-01-01 00:00:00pages
7-16eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
270pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract：:Oxygenation of a tumor is one of the most important predictive factors: hypoxia is associated with aggressive tumors and substantially lower survival rate. Despite this high relevance of tumor oxygenation, there is currently no bedside technique available to measure it in clinical routine care. The aim of this work is...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_26
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review of the effects of hemidecortication in humans has been limited to studies of cognitive outcome published during the last 20 years. More directly than in the case of split-brain patients, the patients reviewed here attest to the remarkable ability of a single hemisphere, whether left or right, to support at...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3420-4_8
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Based on the insights gleaned from decades of research, it seems clear that mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an essential signaling node that integrates environmental clues for regulation of cell survival, metabolism and proliferation of the cells. However, overwhelmingly increasing scientific evidence has ad...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-20301-6_15
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lung diseases affect millions of individuals all over the world. Various environmental factors, such as toxins, chemical pollutants, detergents, viruses, bacteria, microbial dysbiosis, and allergens, contribute to the development of respiratory disorders. Exposure to these factors activates stress responses in host ce...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-45328-2_4
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proliferation of mononuclear cells was examined with an autoradiography method in the CSF and peripheral blood of 13 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), serially during activation of disease in one patient with subacute sclerosis panencephalitis (SSPE), and in some control patients with various neurological conditi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-2514-7_41
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibodies against thyroid microsomal antigen (thyroid peroxidase, TMA/TPO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were measured from 115 patients with vasculitic disorders and 144 patients with suspected thyroid disorders. Nineteen patients, three with vasculitis and 16 with thyroid disorders, were shown to have both TPO and MPO ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-9182-2_12
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies were undertaken to determine the effect a high fat diet has on the hormonally controlled transcription of the Mtv-1 locus in C3Hf mice. The expression of this locus in the initiating event in mammary tumor development in the C3Hf mouse. Mice were weaned at 21 days to either a high fat diet containing 23.5 perc...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-0949-7_7
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gastrointestinal (GI) tract consists of a remarkable series of organs that spatially and temporally coordinate the vital process of digestion to extract key nutrients required to sustain our day-to-day functions. During development, it undergoes complex and highly specialized morphogenetic events to form functiona...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-15-2389-2_4
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The DJ-1 (also called the DJ-1/PfpI, ThiJ/PfpI, or DJ-1/ThiJ/PfpI) superfamily is a structural and functional diverse group of proteins that are present in most organisms. Many of these proteins remain poorly characterized at the biochemical level, but include some known chaperones, proteases, and various stress respo...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-6583-5_2
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is one of the most common gastrointestinal complication after antimicrobial treatment. It is estimated that CDI after pneumonia treatment is connected with a higher mortality than other causes of hospitalization. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the kind...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2016_166
更新日期：2016-12-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Taurine release in mouse hippocampal slices is regulated by several neurotransmitter receptor systems. The ionotropic glutamate receptors and the adenosine receptor A(1) are the most effective. The effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors is mediated via activation of the pathway involving nitric oxide and 3',5'-cycli...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_11
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Procedures used for the complete enzymic hydrolysis of proteins are reviewed. The successful application of complete enzymic hydrolysis in the detection of naturally occurring isopeptide crosslinks and various other types of chemically introduced crosslinks is described. The method may fail if the level of crosslinkin...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-9113-6_19
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Before any clinical signs of diabetic retinopathy can be detected, two major histopathological lesions occur in the walls of retinal capillaries: basement membrane thickening; and loss of intramural pericytes (mural cells). A decrease in the number of pericyte to endothelial cell junctions also occurs under diabetic c...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5616-5_45
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to investigate the spinal cord surface PO2 (sPO2) reaction to hypovolemic hypotension, nine female pigs (25 kg bw) were premedicated, anesthetized, intubated and artificially ventilated with N2O:O2 = 3:1. Following laminectomy from L3 to L5, sPO2 was measured on the dorsal side of the exposed spinal cord usin...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5188-7_29
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five patients with active Wegener's granulomatosis were treated with the immunosuppressive agent Cyclosporin A, along with low dose prednisone. All five patients had previously taken cyclophosphamide, but further treatment with this agent was not desired, either due to patient choice, drug toxicity or malignancy. In i...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-9182-2_85
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Signaling in tenocytes during development, homeostasis and injury involves multiple and redundant pathways. Given that tendons transmit mechanical forces from muscle to bone to effect movement, a key function for tenocytes is the detection of and response to mechanical stimulation. Mechanotransduction involves matrix-...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-33943-6_7
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pertinent data from the literature and in press is summarised and used to construct a model for the molecular arrangement of lipid and protein in the lamellae of compact central nerve myelin. For the lipid phase of myelin the available data is best interpreted in terms of a bilayer arrangement while physical studies s...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-2514-7_17
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(1) Height, weight, total body potassium, exchangeable sodium, bromide space, total body water and concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride in plasma were measured in control subjects and individuals suffering from alcoholism, with techniques which included body counting and a multiple isotope method using 24N...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0632-1_17
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plasticity in the nervous system, whether for establishing connections and networks during development, repairing networks after injury, or modifying connections based on experience, relies primarily on highly coordinated patterns of neural activity. Rhythmic, synchronized bursting of neuronal ensembles is a fundament...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-017-8914-1_8
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, we discuss the issues encountered when trying to perform hearing experiments in water-filled tanks that are several meters in lateral extent, typically large in terms of the size of the animals under study but not necessarily so with respect to the wavelengths of interest. This paper presents measuremen...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_43
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A novel method for hand movement pattern recognition from electromyography (EMG) biological signals is proposed. These signals are recorded by a three-channel data acquisition system using surface electrodes placed over the forearm, and then processed to recognize five hand movements: opening, closing, supination, fle...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-7046-6_20
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last 5 years at least four new types of colonisation factors have been described in association with porcine postweaning diarrhea and edema disease strains of E. coli. Recently, evidence was presented that these fimbrial factors are closely related to each other, and therefore the common denomination F18 wa...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-1828-4_26
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cerebral cortex is one of the most intricate regions of the brain, which required elaborated cell migration patterns for its development. Experimental observations show that projection neurons migrate radially within the cortical wall, whereas interneurons migrate along multiple tangential paths to reach the devel...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-7687-6_4
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the oxygen (O2) cascade downstream steps can never achieve higher flows of O2 than the preceding ones. At the lung the transfer of O2 is determined by the O2 gradient between the alveolar space and the lung capillaries and the O2 diffusing capacity (DLO2). While DLO2 may be increased several times during exercise b...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-7678-9_26
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administration of clenbuterol to rats in the drinking water over a four day period increased incorporation of [3H]leucine into muscle protein but did not result in an increase in body or muscle weight. However, both urinary and liver taurine were significantly reduced at the highest dose of clenbuterol (2 mg.kg-1.day-...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-0182-8_25
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic injury of the spinal cord leads to devastating conditions that affect ~2.5 million people worldwide. This is because the mammalian spinal cord reacts to injury with only limited endogenous repair. Functional restoration requires the replacement of lost cells, the growth and navigation of regenerating axons o...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_13
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Expression levels of five miRNAs (miR-19b, miR-21, miR-126, miR-141, miR-205) were measured in the plasma of healthy donors and prostate cancer patients. It was shown that miR-141 expression level efficiently discriminates early stage prostate cancer patients and correlates with the Gleason score. ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-42044-8_2
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Speech perception is formed based on both the acoustic signal and listeners' knowledge of the world and semantic context. Access to semantic information can facilitate interpretation of degraded speech, such as speech in background noise or the speech signal transmitted via cochlear implants (CIs). This paper focuses ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-25474-6_31
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Articular cartilage contains any ectoenzyme activity, NTP-PPH, which is capable of generating PPi from NTP substrates. The PPi generated is from the cleavage of the alpha-beta pyrophosphate bond of NTP and does not result from the effects of NTP catabolites. NTP-PPH activity is expressed on human skin fibroblasts in c...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5104-7_23
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently advances in cancer genomics revealed the unexpected high frequencies of epigenetic abnormalities in human acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Accumulating data suggest that these leukemia-associated epigenetic factors play critical roles in both normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemia stem cells (LSCs)....
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-7342-8_8
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
