Abstract:
:Traumatic injury of the spinal cord leads to devastating conditions that affect ~2.5 million people worldwide. This is because the mammalian spinal cord reacts to injury with only limited endogenous repair. Functional restoration requires the replacement of lost cells, the growth and navigation of regenerating axons on a permissive scaffold and axon re-myelination. The manipulation of endogenous spinal stem cells is regarded as a potential strategy to restore function. For this type of therapy it is necessary to determine the molecular and functional mechanisms regulating the proliferation, migration and differentiation of adult spinal progenitors. The spinal cord of animal models in which self-repair normally occurs may provide some clues. Salamanders, some fish and turtles regenerate their spinal cord after massive injury, achieving substantial functional recovery. This regeneration is orchestrated by progenitors that line the central canal (CC). Although mammals have lost the ability for self-repair, some cells in the CC react to injury by proliferating and migrating toward the lesion, where most become astrocytes in the core of the scar. Thus, CC-contacting progenitors in mammals have "latent" programs for endogenous repair of the spinal cord. Progenitor-like cells in the CC are functionally organized in lateral and midline domains, with heterogeneous molecular and membrane properties that represent targets for modulation. Understanding the mechanisms by which CC-can be manipulated will give valuable clues for endogenous spinal cord repair leading to successful functional recovery.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Marichal N,Reali C,Rehermann MI,Trujillo-Cenóz O,Russo REdoi
10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_13subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
241-264eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
1015pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Enlarged fat cells in obese adipose tissue diminish capacity to store fat and are resistant to the anti-lipolytic effect of insulin. Insulin resistance (IR)-associated S-nitrosylation of insulin-signaling proteins increases in obesity. In accordance with the inhibition of insulin-mediated anti-lipolytic action, plasma...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-48382-5_8
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene coding for the surface spike protein gp195 of TGEV has been cloned and expressed in E. coli in the form of fusion proteins. These proteins were isolated and used to immunize laboratory animals. All animals developed antibodies cross-reacting with the TGEV virion but failed to neutralize the virus. The entire ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-7974-4_4
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of audiovisual stimulation on the temporal patterns of V(T), T(I), T(E) were studied in 11 healthy subjects. 75 datasets of steady-state breathing each of eight minutes in duration were obtained during low wakefulness (lying still, eyes closed), low wakefulness with calibrated thermal pain stimulation and ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-73693-8_83
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this chapter, the impact of HCN1 channels on the retinal functional properties was presented. HCN1 channel loss led to an intensity-dependent prolongation of the rod system response, in agreement with the threshold mechanism of activation of the channel. Rod outer segment functionality was not altered, supporting t...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0631-0_103
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We provide evidence that the commercially available preparations of glycopeptides for intravenous application are well tolerated by endothelial cells when applied in concentrations less than 5 mg/ml. Since the antibiotics tested are administered at maximal concentrations of 10 mg/ml, the dose range used in our in vitr...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5381-6_160
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter will describe infectious complications of atopic dermatitis, including bacterial, viral, and fungal infections and the evolving understanding of the relationship between atopic dermatitis and infectious disease. The underlying immunological dysregulation and poor skin barrier function associated with atop...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64804-0_5
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Taurine is traditionally used to treat Down Syndrome (DS); however, the actual foundation for this treatment is not well understood. DS patients suffer from disturbance of the proteostasis network (PN) due to aberrant calcium signaling, which eventually causes endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Taurine has been sugge...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_40
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate interrelationships among the oxygenation, the energy status, and the development of necrosis in tumor microregions, oxygen tensions were measured with microelectrodes, and ATP distributions were determined with a quantitative imaging technique using multicellular spheroids as in vitro tumor models. The res...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-8181-5_102
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the healthy retina, microglial cells represent a self-renewing population of innate immune cells, which constantly survey their microenvironment. Equipped with receptors, a microglial cell detects subtle cellular damage and rapidly responds with activation, migration, and increased phagocytic activity. While the in...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_27
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simultaneous measurements of left and right scrotal, and axillary skin temperatures were recorded in 58 consecutive adolescents (mean age 14.4 years) with a grade II-III left sided varicocele, and nine control adolescents without genital pathology (mean age 15.7 years). Left and right testicular volumes were determine...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-5913-5_28
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fascioliasis is a major parasitic disease caused by the digenetic trematodes Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica. The disease is a well-known veterinary problem of worldwide distribution. Fascioliasis is the vector-borne parasitic disease presenting the widest latitudinal, longitudinal, and altitudinal distributi...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-18616-6_4
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis, and is closely related to the occurrence of variety of human diseases. It is known that autophagy occurs in response to various environmental stresses such as nutrient deficiency, growth factor deficiency, and hypoxia. Induced autophagy eliminates the...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-0602-4_3
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical need for effective bone regeneration remains in huge demands. Although autologous and allogeneic bone grafts are generally considered "gold standard" treatments for bone defects, these approaches may result in various complications. Furthermore, safety considerations of gene- and cell-based therapies requ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-15-3262-7_7
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In healthy normotensive pregnancy, a complex functional network develops between the cardiovascular system, the volume and composition of the extracellular fluid and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Cardiac output and heart rate increase, but blood pressure is reduced. The kidneys increase in size and both the glom...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0154-8_59
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the interaction of the green tea polyphenol (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) with fourteen disease-related amyloid polypeptides and prions Huntingtin, Amyloid-beta, alpha-Synuclein, islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), Sup35, NM25 and NM4, tau, MSP2, semen-derived enhancer of virus infection (SEVI), immun...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-18365-7_7
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Positive as well as negative health effects of exposure of human skin to UV radiation depend on spectra and fluence rates, both of which being dependent on latitude, time of the day and several other factors. The major positive effects are related to vitamin D photosynthesis and the major negative effect is skin cance...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central nervous system diseases include brain or spinal cord impairments and may result in movement disorders almost always manifested by paralyzed muscles with preserved innervations and therefore susceptible to be activated by electrical stimulation. Functional electrical stimulation (FES)-assisted cycling is an app...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-981-13-1435-3_26
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This chapter deals with the classification of Drug Delivery nano Systems (DDnSs) with a Modulatory Controlled Release profile (MCR) denoted as Modulatory Controlled Release nano Systems (MCRnSs). Conventional (c) and advanced (a) DDnSs are denoted by the acronyms cDDnSs and aDDnSs, and can be composed of a single or m...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-08927-0_22
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary blood flow depends upon the vascular resistance distributed non-uniformly within the coronary microcirculation. Coronary microvascular resistance is governed by metabolic, myogenic, endothelial and neurohumoral influences. A number of these control mechanisms interact locally within a microvascular segment. I...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-2946-0_17
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this chapter, we mainly discuss the expression and function of aquaporins (AQPs ) expressed in digestive system . AQPs in gastrointestinal tract include four members of aquaporin subfamily: AQP1, AQP4, AQP5 and AQP8, and a member of aquaglyceroporin subfamily: AQP3. In the digestive glands, especially the liver, we...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-94-024-1057-0_8
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system (CNS) during development and throughout adulthood. They result from a complex and well controlled process of activation, proliferation, migration and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) from the germinative niches of ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47861-6_7
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The application of next generation sequencing technologies has opened the door to a new molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis, in which we can now look at transmission at a resolution not possible before. At the same time, new technical and analytical challenges have appeared, and we are still exploring the wider pot...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64371-7_4
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The world is facing an ever-increasing problem with antibiotic resistant bacteria and we are rapidly heading for a post-antibiotic era. There is an urgent need to investigate alterative treatment options while there are still a few antibiotics left. Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically target bacteria. Before ...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-81-322-1777-0_7
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acid proteinase of granulomatous tissues in rats with carrageenin-induced inflammation released two types of kinin from T-kininogen. The kinin was identified as Ile-Ser-bradykinin (T-kinin) and a novel kinin, Met-Ile-Ser-bradykinin (Met-T-kinin), from determination of its amino acid composition and its immunoreactivit...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9546-5_17
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The field of proteomics holds promise for the discovery of new biomarkers for the early detection and diagnosis of disease, molecular targets for therapy and markers for therapeutic efficacy and toxicity. A variety of proteomics approaches may be used to address these goals. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAG...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-0081-0_7
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteoblasts and chondrocytes, which derive from a common mesenchymal precursor (osteochondroprogenitor), are involved in bone formation and remodeling in vivo. Determination of osteochondroprogenitor fate is under the control of complex hormonal and local factors converging onto a series of temporospatial dependent tr...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-0-387-34133-0_28
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The idea that exposure to adverse environmental conditions and lifestyle choices during pregnancy can result in fetal programming that underlies disease susceptibility in adulthood is now widely accepted. Fetal alcohol exposed offspring displays many behavioral and physiological abnormalities including neuroendocrine-...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-09614-8_23
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::MERTK-associated retinal degenerations are thought to have defects in phagocytosis of shed outer segment membranes by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), as do the rodent models of these diseases. We have subretinally injected an RPE-specific AAV2 vector, AAV2-VMD2-hMERTK, to determine whether this would provide lon...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_65
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteinase inhibitor proteins in the families Solanaceae, Leguminosae and Graminae are stored in seeds and tubers and are also found to accumulate in leaves in response to pest attacks. The isolation of the proteinase Inhibitor I cDNA and its gene from tomato has provided information concerning proteinase inhibitor sy...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0022-0_17
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although cell fusion is an omnipresent process in life, to date considerably less is still known about the mechanisms and the molecules being involved in this biological phenomenon in higher organisms. In Cell Fusion in Health and Disease Volume 1 international leading experts will present up-to-date overviews about t...
journal_title:Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type:
doi:10.1007/978-94-007-0763-4_1
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00