Abstract：
:Case reports are defined as the scientific documentation of a single clinical observation and have a time-honored and rich tradition in medicine and scientific publication. Case reports represent a relevant, timely, and important study design in advancing medical scientific knowledge especially of rare diseases. While there are clear limitations to the methodology of case studies in determination of treatment and establishment of new tests, the observation of a single patient can add to our understanding of etiology, pathogenesis, natural history, and treatment of particularly rare diseases, and to the training of potential junior investigators. In recent years this class of scientific publication has come under scrutiny and disfavor among some in the medical scientific publication community and case studies are frequently relegated to the lowest rung of the hierarchy of study design. In this chapter the author will review and summarize the debate around the scientific publication of case reports in the context of the study of rare diseases and will present a taxonomy that ideally will encourage further dialogue on the topic. Future research on the importance of case reports in advancing knowledge of rare diseases is recommended.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Carey JCdoi
10.1007/978-90-481-9485-8_5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-01-01 00:00:00pages
77-86eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
686pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Thermal clearance curves following termination of ultrasound-induced hyperthermia in human mammary carcinomas implanted into the flanks of nude rats were studied. They were found to be monoexponential in form, both with and without blood flow. From the difference between the inverse time constants with and without flo...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-7433-6_45
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Computer-aided diagnosis provides a medical procedure that assists physicians in interpretation of medical images. This work focuses on computer-aided tongue image analysis specifically, based on Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Tongue diagnosis is an important component of TCM. Computerized tongue diagnosis can ai...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-5717-5_5
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first purpose of this work was to obtain direct evidence that tissue kallikreins cleave arginyl bonds when the leaving group is Arg-Val, and on the contrary, do not split them when it is Arg-Pro; the second aim was to ascertain whether this specificity could be used as a criterion, for characterizing tissue kallik...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5143-6_33
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1) An extract of D. carrota induces agglutination of most serotypes of S. mutans but not of S. salivarius or S. mitis. 2) If added to a suspension of mixed bacteria, a piece of D. carrota may selectively sorb S. mutans while S. salivarius and S. mitis only are affected to a minor degree. 3) A saliva coat on the bacter...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-3369-2_37
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fossilized insect specimens from the late Paleozoic Era (approximately 250 million years ago) were significantly larger than related extant species. Geologic estimates suggest that atmospheric oxygen in the late Paleozoic Era was 35%. These findings have led to a prominent hypothesis that insect body size may be limit...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-75434-5_17
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we propose a model of a peripheral axon with a great deal of autonomy from its cell body-the autonomous axon-but with a substantial dependence on its ensheathing Schwann cell (SC), the axon-SC unit. We review evidence in several fields and show that (i) axons can extend sprouts and grow without the concurrence of...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-40764-7_9
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) on colon carcinogenesis was investigated in male F344 rats treated with azoxymethane (AOM). In experiment I, 2% and 0.2% bLf, and Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) as a positive control at 3% were given in the diet for 4 weeks, along with two s.c. 15 mg/kg injections of AOM o...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-9068-9_34
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using the model of isolated myocytes, we have investigated under current- and/or voltage-clamp conditions: (i) the time-course of H2O2-induced changes in the action potentials and the contractility. (ii) the effect of pharmacological tools such as ryanodine, TTX and nifedipine on H2O2-induced changes; (iii) the effect...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3362-7_28
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of natural selection favours germ-line gene segments that encode CDRs that have the ability to recognize a range of structurally related antigens. This presents an immunological advantage to the host, as it can confer protection against a common pathogen and still cope with new or changing antigens. Cross-...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2017_94
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A stable cyclized 9-mer peptide (cP) containing the active site of alpha-alpha fetoprotein (alphaFP) has been shown to be effective for prevention of estrogen-stimulated tumor cell proliferation in culture or of xenographt growth in immunodeficient mice. cP does not block 17beta-estradiol (E2) binding to its receptors...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-69080-3_45
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study surveyed that the relationship between the frequencies of intake of taurine-contained nutritional drinks (TCND), and lifestyle and the purposes of intake it. The study was conducted a cross-sectional survey using 265 people (203 male, 62 female) aged 18-64 worked in two companies in Mie Prefecture, Japan be...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-8023-5_30
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psychological therapies in order to provide cognitive enhancement have gained some momentum the last decades. The goal of this case study was to evaluate the effects of a cognitive enhancement training program on daily living activities, cognition, and depression in a demented elderly participant. A 6-month training p...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-57379-3_9
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In contrast to heavily methylated mammalian genomes, invertebrate genomes are only sparsely methylated in a 'mosaic' fashion with the majority of methylated CpG dinucleotides found across gene bodies. Importantly, this gene body methylation is frequently associated with active transcription, and studies in the honeybe...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_9
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The extraordinary mechanical properties of spider silk fibers result from the interplay of composition, structure and self-assembly of spider silk proteins (spidroins). Genetic approaches enabled the biotechnological production of recombinant spidroins which have been employed to unravel the self-assembly and spinning...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-9791-2_6
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a multifactorial progressive degenerative disease of the retinal photoreceptors, pigmented epithelium and Bruch's membrane/choroid in central retina, causes visual impairment in millions of elderly people worldwide. The only available therapy for this disease is the over-the...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_15
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibition of human phospholipases A2 by cis-unsaturated fatty acids and their oxidative metabolites and/or polymers was studied using partially purified human phospholipases A2 and [1-14C]oleate labelled, autoclaved E. coli as substrate. As previously reported for other phospholipases A2, oleic and arachidonic acids ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4613-0651-1_15
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a treatment option in vertebral compression fractures (VCF). The aim of the study was to propose the mathematical calculation of the "optimum volume" of acrylic cement filling of the vertebral body, depending on the severity of a fracture. Two hundred computed tomography (CT) scans of ve...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2019_417
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyp mice have a defective control system for the synthesis of 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D that does not respond to a low phosphate stimulus. While the plasma levels of 25-OH-vitamin D are reduced somewhat, this seems to be not a serious defect since plasma 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D levels are normal. Hyp kidneys synthesize and ex...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9167-2_40
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have shown that T cells vigorously cycling in response to growth lymphokines are driven into apoptosis by potent TCR restimulation. This process, termed propriocidal regulation, appears to be a normal feedback inhibitory mechanism to prevent excessive T cell proliferation and lymphokine production. Exposure of T ce...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-1891-4_18
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of CD4+ T cells in altering the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) during infection of the central nervous system (CNS) by the neuroptropic JHMV strain of mouse hepatitis virus was examined. Adoptive transfer of in vitro activated CTL into CD4-depleted and control recipients showed that CTL were not ef...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-5331-1_53
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radiotherapy is an important component of cancer treatment modalities. With the rapid development of three-dimensional conformal, intensity-modulated, image-guided radiotherapy and the efficacy of radiotherapy continues to improve. Autophagy, as a catabolic process, is characterized by the formation of a double-membra...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-15-4272-5_25
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal muscle is one of the most plastic tissues in the body. Repeated exercise causes several muscle adaptations, among which the development of additional capillaries (angiogenesis) is prominent. Conversely, inactivity and some chronic diseases result in loss of muscle capillaries. Since (endurance) exercise depen...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyamines modulate many biological functions. Here we report a novel inhibitory modulation by spermine of catecholamine release by the rat carotid body and have identified the molecular mechanism underpinning it. We used molecular (RT-PCR and confocal microscopy) and functional (i.e., neurotransmitter release, patch ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-90-481-2259-2_11
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased formation of ROS on reperfusion after ischemia underlies ischemia reperfusion (I/R) damage. We measured, in real time, both oxygen tension in microvessels and tissue and oxidant stress during postischemic reperfusion in hamster cheek pouch microcirculation. We measured PO2 by using phosphorescence quenching ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/0-387-26206-7_4
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tropomyosins constitute a family of highly related actin-binding proteins found in the animal kingdom from yeast to human. In vertebrates, they are encoded by a multigene family where each member can produce several isoforms through alternative splicing and for some of them with alternate promoters. Tropomyosin isofor...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-85766-4_2
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skin is the main organ that covers the human body and acts as a protective barrier between the human body and the environment. Skin tissue as a stem cell source can be used for transplantation in therapeutic application in terms of its properties such as abundant, easy to access, high plasticity and high ability to re...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/5584_2019_380
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is one of complex diseases that are influenced by environment. Various genetic and epigenetic alterations are provoking causes of breast carcinogenesis. Dynamic epigenetic regulation including DNA methylation and histone modification induces dysregulation of genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, and...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-6020-5_14
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The intramural blood vessels and fluid-filled interstitial space form a hydraulic continuum enmeshed by myocardial muscle layers and collagen matrix. Coronary circulation was found to be strongly influenced by passive and active properties of the muscle surrounding the coronary microvasculature. Selective remodeling o...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2946-0_11
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted an epidemiological survey of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella recovered from market-age swine at five different Texas farms. These farms, which were visited between October 1997 and June 1998, were completely integrated, farrow-to-finish operations. Samples were taken from the lymph nodes and cecal con...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-4143-1_31
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains poor and has not improved in over two decades. Most patients with advanced HCC who are not eligible for surgery have limited treatment options due to poor liver function or large, unresectable tumors. Although sorafenib is the standard-of-care treatment for thes...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-4310-9_13
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
