Abstract:
:1 The effects of electrical stimulation, changes in external ion concentrations and various drugs on acetylcholine release from the myenteric plexus were measured by bioassay in the presence of physostigmine and by recording the responses of the longitudinal muscle. In preparations from the guinea-pig, the acetylcholine output per pulse increased with decreasing frequency of stimulation and reached its maximum at a frequency of 0.017 Hz (1/min) and thus ensured that the output per unit of time was constant at frequencies below 0.5 Hz. Spontaneous release was suppressed during stimulation at 0.017 Hz. 2 In the rabbit, the fractional acetylcholine release was lower than in the guinea-pig. The output per pulse increased with decreasing frequency of stimulation but at a lesser rate, with the effect that the output per unit decreased between 0.5 and 0.017 Hz. 3 In the guinea-pig, reduction of the Ca2+ concentration, addition to the bath fluid of Mn2+, ganglion-blocking drugs, morphine and catecholamines reduced output more at low than at high frequencies of stimulation. In the rabbit, acetylcholine output was less sensitive to changes in Ca2+ concentration and insensitive to Mn2+ and morphine. 4 In the guinea-pig, morphine and catecholamines depressed both the contractile response and acetylcholine output whereas Mn2+ in concentrations up to 125 muM, bretylium and ganglion-blocking drugs depressed only acetylcholine output. 5 In preparations from the guinea-pig, drugs blocking noradrenergic neurons or alpha-adrenoceptors, e.g. bretylium, phenoxybenzamine, thymoxamine and phentolamine, increased acetylcholine output during stimulation at high (1.5 to 10 Hz) but not at low frequencies. 6 The implications of these findings for the release of acetylcholine from different pools in the heterogeneous myenteric plexus are considered. The possible errors, introduced by the effects of physostigmine, on the size of the acetylcholine pools and on the transmission of impulses within the myenteric plexus are discussed.
journal_name
Br J Pharmacoljournal_title
British journal of pharmacologyauthors
Cowie AL,Kosterlitz HW,Waterfield AAdoi
10.1111/j.1476-5381.1978.tb17319.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-12-01 00:00:00pages
565-80issue
4eissn
0007-1188issn
1476-5381journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Hepatic encephalopathy is a neuropsychiatric disorder of complex pathogenesis caused by acute or chronic liver failure. We investigated the effects of cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive constituent of Cannabis sativa with anti-inflammatory properties that activates the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01179.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this issue, BJP is proud to publish an Endothelium Themed Section to celebrate the life of Robert F. Furchgott, who died on May 19th 2009. It is 30 years since he discovered endothelium-derived relaxant factor and a decade since he was awarded the Nobel Prize for this work. His discovery has led to an array of new ...
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更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:There is growing interest in the physiological functions of flavonoids, especially in their effects on cognitive function and on neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of the current investigation was to evaluate the role of the flavonoid baicalein in long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampal ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
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更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
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更新日期:1971-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that cannabis induces aggressive behaviour in rats that have been deprived of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. It was suggested that this effect was related to brain catecholamines, with dopamine playing an agonist role and noradrenaline an inhibitory one. The present pape...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is induced by thiazolidinediones including rosiglitazone and exerts anti-inflammatory effects in various models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying rosiglitazone-induced HO-1 expression remain largely unknown in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs...
journal_title:British journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/bph.14465
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00