Human disease cost network analysis.

abstract：:Repeated cross-sectional samples are common in national surveys of health like the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Because population health outcomes generally evolve slowly, pooling data across years can improve the precision of current-year annual estimates of disease prevalence and other health outcomes. P...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Lockwood JR,McCaffrey DF,Setodji CM,Elliott MN

更新日期：2011-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The principles and historical development of clinical trials are outlined briefly. Some issues that extend the basic philosophy first put forward by Sir Austin Bradford Hill 40 years ago and that will need consideration in the future application of clinical trials are discussed. ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Holland WW,Breeze E,Swan AV

更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In survival analyses, inverse-probability-of-treatment (IPT) and inverse-probability-of-censoring (IPC) weighted estimators of parameters in marginal structural Cox models are often used to estimate treatment effects in the presence of time-dependent confounding and censoring. In most applications, a robust variance e...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Enders D,Engel S,Linder R,Pigeot I

更新日期：2018-10-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The publication of Fisher's correspondence on statistics has shed new light on his views on randomization. Quotations from this correspondence and from other works of Fisher are used to illustrate the role of randomization in clinical trials. It is concluded that Fisher's views not only are coherent but, despite havin...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Senn S

更新日期：1994-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Correlation is inherent in longitudinal studies due to the repeated measurements on subjects, as well as due to time-dependent covariates in the study. In the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), data were repeatedly collected on children in grades 7-12 across four waves. Thus, obser...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Irimata KM,Broatch J,Wilson JR

更新日期：2019-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk prediction models play an important role in prevention and treatment of several diseases. Models that are in clinical use are often refined and improved. In many instances, the most efficient way to improve a successful model is to identify subgroups for which there is a specific biological rationale for improvem...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Biswas S,Arun B,Parmigiani G

更新日期：2014-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Subjects in randomized controlled trials do not always comply to the treatment condition they have been assigned to. This may cause the estimated effect of the intervention to be biased and also affect efficiency, coverage of confidence intervals, and statistical power. In cluster randomized trials non-compliance may ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Moerbeek M,Schie SV

更新日期：2019-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Statistical inference based on correlated count measurements are frequently performed in biomedical studies. Most of existing sample size calculation methods for count outcomes are developed under the Poisson model. Deviation from the Poisson assumption (equality of mean and variance) has been widely documented in pra...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Li D,Zhang S,Cao J

更新日期：2019-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Results from an analysis of traffic accidents from a study of the police records of four police stations in the Bangkok metropolis are presented. The main emphasis in this study was put on the development of a measure for traffic accident density. The traffic flow was estimated at the various study locations by traine...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Ayuthya RS,Böhning D

更新日期：1995-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In multiple-record systems estimation it is usually assumed that all registration relate to the same population. In this paper, we develop a method which can be used when the registrations relate to different populations, in the sense that they cover, for example, different time periods or regions. We show that under ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zwane EN,van der Pal-de Bruin K,van der Heijden PG

更新日期：2004-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Providing personalized treatments designed to maximize benefits and minimizing harms is of tremendous current medical interest. One problem in this area is the evaluation of the interaction between the treatment and other predictor variables. Treatment effects in subgroups having the same direction but different magni...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Chen W,Ghosh D,Raghunathan TE,Norkin M,Sargent DJ,Bepler G

更新日期：2012-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Instrumental variable estimates of causal effects can be biased when using many instruments that are only weakly associated with the exposure. We describe several techniques to reduce this bias and estimate corrected standard errors. We present our findings using a simulation study and an empirical application. For th...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Davies NM,von Hinke Kessler Scholder S,Farbmacher H,Burgess S,Windmeijer F,Smith GD

更新日期：2015-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Many reactions in enzymology are governed by the Michaelis-Menten equation. Characterising these reactions requires the estimation of the parameters K(M) and V(max) which determine the Michaelis-Menten equation and this is done by observing rates of reactions at a set of substrate concentrations. The choice of substra...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Matthews JN,Allcock GC

更新日期：2004-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptive designs or flexible designs in a broader sense have increasingly been considered in planning pivotal registration clinical trials. Sample size reassessment design and adaptive selection design are two of such designs that appear in regulatory applications. At the design stage, consideration of sample size rea...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Hung HM,Wang SJ,O'Neill R

更新日期：2011-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sample size planning should reflect the primary objective of a trial. If the primary objective is prediction, the sample size determination should focus on prediction accuracy instead of power. We present formulas for the determination of training set sample size for survival prediction. Sample size is chosen to contr...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Götte H,Zwiener I

更新日期：2013-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Between-community variance or community-by-time variance is one of the key factors driving the cost of conducting group randomized trials, which are often very expensive. We investigated empirically whether between-community variance could be reduced by controlling individual- and/or community-level covariates and ide...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Feng Z,Diehr P,Yasui Y,Evans B,Beresford S,Koepsell TD

更新日期：1999-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:For robust detection performance, traditional control chart monitoring for biosurveillance is based on input data free of trends, day-of-week effects, and other systematic behaviour. Time series forecasting methods may be used to remove this behaviour by subtracting forecasts from observations to form residuals for al...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Burkom HS,Murphy SP,Shmueli G

更新日期：2007-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Modelling disease clustering over space and time can be helpful in providing indications of possible exposures and planning corresponding public health practices. Though a considerable number of studies focus on modelling spatio-temporal patterns of disease, most of them do not directly model a spatio-temporal cluster...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Yan P,Clayton MK

更新日期：2006-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Pooling biospecimens prior to performing lab assays can help reduce lab costs, preserve specimens, and reduce information loss when subject to a limit of detection. Because many biomarkers measured in epidemiological studies are positive and right-skewed, proper analysis of pooled specimens requires special methods. I...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Mitchell EM,Lyles RH,Schisterman EF

更新日期：2015-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been increasingly common to analyze simultaneously repeated measures and time to failure data. In this paper we propose a joint model when the repeated measures are semi-continuous, characterized by the presence of a large portion of zero values, as well as right skewness of non zero (positive) values. Examples...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Liu L

更新日期：2009-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of both sequential designs and adaptive treatment allocation are effective in reducing the number of patients receiving an inferior treatment in a clinical trial. In large samples, when the asymptotic normality of test statistics can be utilized, a standard sequential design can be combined with adaptive alloc...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Stallard N,Rosenberger WF

更新日期：2002-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:There are inconsistencies between the formulas for the variance of standardized mean difference (SMD) in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews and the variance reported in other sources. Instead of the variance appropriate for the SMD of a crossover experiment, the Cochrane Handbook uses the variance appropriat...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Kitchenham B,Madeyski L

更新日期：2020-11-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Longitudinal biomarker data are often collected in studies, providing important information regarding the probability of an outcome of interest occurring at a future time. With many new and evolving technologies for biomarker discovery, the number of biomarker measurements available for analysis of disease progression...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Zhao L,Murray S,Mariani LH,Ju W

更新日期：2020-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Risk prediction procedures can be quite useful for the patient's treatment selection, prevention strategy, or disease management in evidence-based medicine. Often, potentially important new predictors are available in addition to the conventional markers. The question is how to quantify the improvement from the new ma...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Uno H,Tian L,Cai T,Kohane IS,Wei LJ

更新日期：2013-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, Wu and Follmann developed summary measures to adjust for informative drop-out in longitudinal studies where drop-out depends on the underlying true value of the response. In this paper we evaluate these procedures in the common situation where drop-out depends on the observed responses. We also discuss vario...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Wu MC,Albert PS,Wu BU

更新日期：2001-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In a variety of biomedical applications, particularly those involving screening for infectious diseases, testing individuals (e.g. blood/urine samples, etc.) in pools has become a standard method of data collection. This experimental design, known as group testing (or pooled testing), can provide a large reduction in ...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Chen P,Tebbs JM,Bilder CR

更新日期：2009-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Statistical methods are available for performing a meta-analysis when the response variable of interest is the same in each study. Problems arise when studies exploring a common therapeutic question use different patient response types. This article presents statistical methods for combining studies which involve diff...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Whitehead A,Jones NM

更新日期：1994-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinical trials studying treatments for rare diseases are challenging to design and conduct due to the limited number of patients eligible for the trial. One design used to address this challenge is the small n, sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial (snSMART). We propose a new snSMART design that investiga...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Fang F,Hochstedler KA,Tamura RN,Braun TM,Kidwell KM

更新日期：2021-02-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Methodology for causal inference based on propensity scores has been developed and popularized in the last two decades. However, the majority of the methodology has concentrated on binary treatments. Only recently have these methods been extended to settings with multi-valued treatments. We propose a number of discret...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Tchernis R,Horvitz-Lennon M,Normand SL

更新日期：2005-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:For bivariate meta-analysis of diagnostic studies, likelihood approaches are very popular. However, they often run into numerical problems with possible non-convergence. In addition, the construction of confidence intervals is controversial. Bayesian methods based on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling could be u...

journal_title：Statistics in medicine

authors： Paul M,Riebler A,Bachmann LM,Rue H,Held L

更新日期：2010-05-30 00:00:00