The variable effects of soil nitrogen availability and insect herbivory on aboveground and belowground plant biomass in an old-field ecosystem.

abstract：:By altering the strength of intra- and interspecific competition, droughts may reshape plant communities. Furthermore, species may respond differently to drought when other influences, such as herbivory, are considered. To explore this relationship, we conducted a greenhouse experiment measuring responses to inter- an...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Napier JD,Mordecai EA,Heckman RW

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gut extracts of Gammarus fossarum liberated reducing substances (at pH values ≤7) and amino acids (pH≥7) from freshly shed oak leaves only after removal of soluble leaf phenols. When carboxymethylcellulose was used at a concentration equal to that of leaf cellulose, release of reducing substances was considerably high...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bärlocher F

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amphicarpum purshii is an annual grass which mostly grows in disturbed areas of the New Jersey Pine Barrens, USA. It is amphicarpic, producing spikelets (and seeds) both above and below the soil surface. Previous research has shown that subterranean seed production ensures reproduction in the event of a major disturba...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cheplick GP,Quinn JA

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1 Intake of food, fat, protein and carbohydrates and their fecal output were recorded during the annual body weight cycle of the garden warbler, and old-world longdistance migratory bird species, and the efficiencies of food and nutrient utilization, defined as the ratio (intake-fecal output)/intake, were calculated. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bairlein F

更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change causes species range expansions to higher latitudes and altitudes. It is expected that, due to differences in dispersal abilities between plants and soil biota, range-expanding plant species will become associated with a partly new belowground community in their expanded range. Theory on biological inva...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wilschut RA,Magnée KJH,Geisen S,van der Putten WH,Kostenko O

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stable carbon isotope techniques were employed to study the food habits of the termite Macrotermes michaelseni (Isoptera: Termitidae) in a semiarid savanna habitat in Kenya. At Kajiado this species utilized approximately 70% herbaceous vegetation (mostly grass) and 30% woody vegetation, while at Ruiru approximately 64...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Boutton TW,Arshad MA,Tieszen LL

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The influence of short- and long-term (cohort) effects of climate and density on the life-histories of ungulates in temperate regions may vary with latitude, habitat, and management practices, but the life-histories of ungulates in the Mediterranean region are less well known. This study examined the short- and long-t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rodriguez-Hidalgo P,Gortazar C,Tortosa FS,Rodriguez-Vigal C,Fierro Y,Vicente J

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We compared the parasitoid communities associated with grass-feeding herbivores in Germany and Britain to examine geographical consistency in community composition and to test ecological characteristics of the plants and host insects that may explain variability in parasitoid community structure. The parasitoid commun...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Tscharntke T,Vidal S,Hawkins BA

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural abundance of (15)N and [N] was studied in thalli of mat-forming lichens collected from tundra and heathland sites in the northern and southern hemispheres. The study includes samples of British Cladonia portentosa from sites in regions of high and low N-loading and in heathland growing both directly on peat an...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ellis CJ,Crittenden PD,Scrimgeour CM,Ashcroft C

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies that test community assembly hypotheses in observational communities frequently evaluate patterns for plots or entire communities, yet studies that examine assembly patterns across spatial scales show that they are greatly influenced by scale. Here, we test the spatial dependency of patterns of relatedness and...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Jin LS,Yin D,Fortin MJ,Cadotte MW

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predation by Saduria entomon on the depositfeeding amphipods Monoporeia (=Pontoporeia) affinis and Pontoporeia femorata was studied in laboratory experiments. Prey vulnerabilities were compared in singleprey treatments and in mixed-prey treatments, where the proportions of the two species were varied at one total dens...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hill C,Elmgren R

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To date, coral death has been the most conspicuous outcome of warming tropical seas, but as temperatures stabilize at higher values, the consequences for the corals remaining will be mediated by their demographic responses to the sub-lethal effects of temperature. To gain insight into the nature of these responses, he...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Edmunds PJ

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The arboreal ant fauna was investigated in Budongo Forest, a seasonal rain forest in Uganda, using the insecticidal fogging technique. Ants were collected from 61 trees, between 7 and 33 m in height, belonging to four tree species. Trees were growing in adjacent plots of forests characterized by different use and stru...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Schulz A,Wagner T

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To estimate the optimality of brood size, it is essential to study the effects of brood size manipulation on offspring survival and reproductive success. Moreover, testing the generality of the hypothesis of reproductive costs requires experimental data from a diversity of organisms. Here I present data on the growth,...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Koskela E

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fruiting phenology and pattern of fruit removal of two shrubby dogwoods were examined in relation to fruit composition. It was predicted that fruit of the species bearing high fat fruit would disappear more rapidly and fall to the ground sooner than fruit of the species bearing low fat fruit. Field observation at two ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Borowicz VA,Stephenson AG

更新日期：1985-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Global climate change is expected to affect terrestrial ecosystems in a variety of ways. Some of the more well-studied effects include the biogeochemical feedbacks to the climate system that can either increase or decrease the atmospheric load of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide. Less well-stu...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Butler SM,Melillo JM,Johnson JE,Mohan J,Steudler PA,Lux H,Burrows E,Smith RM,Vario CL,Scott L,Hill TD,Aponte N,Bowles F

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of population dynamics of long-lived species have generally focused on adult survival because population growth should be most sensitive to this parameter. However, actual variations in population size can often be driven by other demographic parameters, such as juvenile survival, when they show high temporal ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Souchay G,Gauthier G,Pradel R

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Germination characteristics and frost tolerance of seedlings are crucial parameters for establishment and invasion success of plants. The characterization of differences between populations in native and invasive ranges may improve our understanding of range expansion and adaptation. Here, we investigated germination ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Leiblein-Wild MC,Kaviani R,Tackenberg O

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Carbon dioxide exchange patterns of prickly-pear cactus (Opuntia phaeacantha var. discata) were studied throughout the year to determine temperature influences on and seasonal responses of the process. Cacti exhibit CAM which permits nighttime carboxylation of CO2 to malate and daytime decarboxylation of malate to CO2...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nisbet RA,Patten DT

更新日期：1974-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasion of non-native annuals across the Intermountain West is causing a widespread transition from perennial sagebrush communities to fire-prone annual herbaceous communities and grasslands. To determine how this invasion affects ecosystem function, carbon and water fluxes were quantified in three, paired sagebrush ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Prater MR,Obrist D,Arnone JA 3rd,DeLucia EH

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corridors connect otherwise isolated habitat patches and can direct movement of animals among such patches. In eight experimental landscapes, we tested two hypotheses of how corridors might affect dispersal behavior. The Traditional Corridor hypothesis posits that animals preferentially leave patches via corridors, fo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Fried JH,Levey DJ,Hogsette JA

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The use of habitat by female and male adult capercaillie Tetrao urogallus during summer and autumn was studied by comparing the distribution of radio locations of birds with the availability of habitat at forest stand, home range and landscape level in an area of the Bavarian Alps, Germany. Capercaillie preferred fore...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Storch I

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed predation can cause substantial seed losses and influence plant population dynamics, but the impact depends on the extent to which populations are limited by seed availability or favorable microsites for recruitment. Harvester ants are the dominant post-dispersal seed predators in Australia's tropical savannas, a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Setterfield SA,Andersen AN

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of trade-offs between reproduction and other fitness traits is a fundamental principle of life history theory. For many plant species, the cost of sexual reproduction affects vegetative growth in years of high seed production through the allocation of resources to reproduction at different hierarchical lev...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sánchez-Humanes B,Sork VL,Espelta JM

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental ponds were used as a model system of habitat patches to study the effect of habitat size on the relative growth performance of tadpoles of Bufo americanus and Pseudacris triseriata, and on colonization by predatory insects. Three pond depths and surface areas were habitat size treatments in a replicated, ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pearman PB

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After a period of food deprivation, animals often respond with a period of faster than normal growth. Such responses have been suggested to result in decreased chromosomal maintenance, which in turn may affect the future fitness of an individual. Here, we present a field experiment in which a food deprivation period o...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Näslund J,Pauliny A,Blomqvist D,Johnsson JI

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The post-dispersal fate of seeds and fruit (diaspores) of three vertebrate-dispersed trees, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus mahaleb and Taxus baccata, was studied in the Andalusian highlands, south-eastern Spain. Exclosures were used to quantify separately the impact of vertebrates and invertebrates on seed removal in rela...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hulme PE

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth and reproduction of twoDaphnia species (Cladocera) from Lake Constance were measured experimentally in a through-flow laboratory system under different food conditions, in order to investigate the effect of food quality on zooplankton populations. The cryptomonadRhodomonas sp. and the diatomStephanodiscus hantz...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Giani A

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The extent of the response of plant growth to atmospheric CO2 enrichment depends on the availability of resources other than CO2. An important growth-limiting resource under field conditions is nitrogen (N). N may, therefore, influence the CO2 response of plants. The effect of elevated CO2 (60 Pa) partial pressure (pC...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Zanetti S,Hartwig UA,van Kessel C,Lüscher A,Hebeisen T,Frehner M,Fischer BU,Hendrey GR,Blum H,Nösberger J

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interaction of density and mycorrhizal effects on the growth, mineral nutrition and size distribution of seedlings of two perennial members of the Fabaceae was investigated in pot culture. Seedlings of Otholobium hirtum and Aspalathus linearis were grown at densities of 1, 4, 8 and 16 plants per 13-cm pot with or ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Allsopp N,Stock WD

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00