Abstract:
:To estimate the optimality of brood size, it is essential to study the effects of brood size manipulation on offspring survival and reproductive success. Moreover, testing the generality of the hypothesis of reproductive costs requires experimental data from a diversity of organisms. Here I present data on the growth, survival and reproductive success of bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus individuals from manipulated litters. Furthermore, the survival of mothers whose litter size was manipulated was studied. At weaning, the mean weight of pups from enlarged litters was lower and from reduced litters higher compared to control litters. After winter, at the start of the breeding season, individuals from enlarged litters, especially males, were still lighter than individuals from the other two treatments. Litter enlargements did not increase the number of reproducing female offspring per mother, nor did the litter sizes of female offspring differ between treatments. There were no differences between treatments in winter survival of offspring after weaning, but among female offspring, weaning weight explained the survival probabilities over winter. A higher weight of females at winter determined the probability of starting to reproduce in spring. The survival of mothers did not seem to be influenced by litter manipulation performed the previous year. According to the results, mothers nursing enlarged or reduced litters do not gain any fitness benefits in terms of number of offspring surviving to breeding. The results are consistent with the majority of experiments conducted in birds, which have found costs of enlarged brood appearing as offspring trade-offs rather than parent trade-offs.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Koskela Edoi
10.1007/s004420050531subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-07-01 00:00:00pages
379-384issue
3eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/s004420050531journal_volume
115pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Theory suggests that source-sink dynamics can allow coexistence of intraguild predators and prey, but empirical evidence for this coexistence mechanism is limited. We used capture-mark-recapture, genetic methods, and stable isotopes to test whether source-sink dynamics promote coexistence between stream fishes, the in...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-1935-y
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term experimental systems with overlapping generations using a seed beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis, were maintained by providing 5 g of azuki beans (Vigna angularis) in two different renewal intervals: either 7 days or 10 days. The 7-day-renewal system (system 1) showed oscillatory dynamics with a constant peri...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328799
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::By altering the strength of intra- and interspecific competition, droughts may reshape plant communities. Furthermore, species may respond differently to drought when other influences, such as herbivory, are considered. To explore this relationship, we conducted a greenhouse experiment measuring responses to inter- an...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3582-9
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A three year study of Senecio keniodendron (Compositae), a giant rosette species of the alpine zone of Mt. Kenya, demonstrated that individuals which reproduce are more likely to die, and less likely to reproduce in the future if they do survive, than are vegetative individuals of the same size. However, if an individ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00384494
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from three fires in northeastern Spain, we tested a condition necessary to support the idea that fire has been a factor in the evolution of the resprouting habit: populations of all resprouting species within a community should show high levels of genet survival after fires and show a low coefficient of var...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00650321
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrologic regime is an important control of primary production in wetland ecosystems. I investigated the coupling of flooding, soil salinity and plant production in northern prairie marshes that experience shallow spring flooding. Field experiments compared whitetop (Scolochloa festucacea) marsh that was: (1) nonfloo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317434
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trirhabda bacharidis (Weber) (Chrysomelidae), a univoltine, monophagous beetle is the dominant herbivore on Baccharis halimifolia (Compositae), a woody, perennial shrub that leafs out in early spring and retains its leaves into November. Available plant biomass increases during the season but T. bacharidis feeds only ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00363829
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Principal and reduced major axes, and Bulmer's (1975) tests have been suggested as methods for detecting the presence of density dependence in a series of population censuses that are unsuitable for analysis by alternative means e.g. by k-factor analysis. These alternative methods are tested using census data, some of...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378937
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A factorial design of clipping and compaction was used to study the responses of Schizachyrium scoparium and its mycorrhizal symbionts to these stresses. All treatment combinations significantly reduced the growth and biomass of plants relative to controls. Compaction significantly reduced tillering and crown expansio...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377574
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatiotemporal variation in the interactions among plants and animals is widespread; yet our conceptual and empirical understanding of this variation is limited to a few types of visitors, mainly herbivores, pollinators, seed predators, and seed dispersers. Despite the ubiquity of nectar robbing and the strength of it...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1060-z
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optimal diet theory often fails to predict a forager's diet choice when prey are mobile. Because they escape or defend themselves, mobile prey are likely to increase the forager's handling time, thereby decreasing its fitness gain rate. Many animals have been shown to select their prey so as to maximize either their f...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1175-y
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten populations of the perennial herb, Liatris acidota Engelm. & Gray (Compositae), growing on the Texas Gulf Coast (USA) were analyzed for age structure, frequency of predation, and frequency of asexual reproduction. Nine of the ten populations exhibited non-stable age distributions due to a deficiency of young non-s...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344693
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An adaptive explanation for environmental sex determination is that it promotes sexual size dimorphism when larger size benefits one sex more than the other. That is, if growth rates are determined by environment during development, then it is beneficial to match developmental environment to the sex that benefits more...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050547
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several mistletoe species are able to grow and reproduce on both deciduous and evergreen hosts, suggesting a degree of plasticity in their ability to cope with differences in intrinsic host functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of host phenology on mistletoe water relations and leaf gas exc...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3519-8
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controls of fine dynamics were investigated in a Pinus palustris Mill. (longleaf pine) woodland subjected to two understory vegetation treatments (control versus removed) and four overstory treatments (no gap control, and canopy gaps of three sizes with constant total gap area per stand). Fine root (<2 mm diameter) dy...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1098-y
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many animals have seasonally plastic diets to take advantage of seasonally abundant plant resources, such as fruit or nectar. Switches from insectivorous diets that are protein rich to fruits or nectar that are carbohydrate rich present physiological challenges, but are routinely done by insectivorous songbirds during...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2771-z
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three-to-five-year population oscillations of northern small rodents are usually synchronous over hundreds of square kilometers. This regional synchrony could be due to similarity in climatic factors, or due to nomadic predators reducing the patches of high prey density close to the average density of a larger area. W...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00333938
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The host specificity of insect parasitoids and herbivores is thought to be shaped by a suite of traits that mediate host acceptance and host suitability. We conducted laboratory experiments to identify mechanisms shaping the host specificity of the aphid parasitoid Binodoxys communis. Twenty species of aphids were exp...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1289-x
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been postulated that free amino acids in the diet of herbivores are a more readily available source of nitrogen than are amino acids in intact proteins. When plants are subjected to any of a number of stress factors the concentration of free amino acids in their tissues may increase relative to the protein cont...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00380930
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaf water relationships were studied in four widespread forest tree species (Ilex opaca Ait., Cornus florida L., Acer rubrum L., and Liriodendron tulipifera L.). The individuals studied all occurred on the same site and were selected to represent a range of growth forms and water relationships in some of the principa...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346260
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tests of density dependent regulation of population size depend on the concept of equilibrium population size. Such an equilibrium is a purely theoretical construct whose existence in the field is debatable and whose value cannot be measured. An equilibrium is supposed to fluctuate in time, but the extent of the fluct...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377095
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::After having been hunted to near-extinction in the Pacific maritime fur trade, the sea otter population at Amchitka Island, Alaska increased from very low numbers in the early 1900s to near equilibrium density by the 1940s. The population persisted at or near equilibrium through the 1980s, but declined sharply in the ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000373
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant population and community dynamics may be altered by increasing atmospheric CO(2) concentrations [[CO(2)]] through intraspecific variation in the responses of vegetative and reproductive growth. Although these responses may be regulated by age at flowering, little is known about the direct effects of age at flowe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1186-7
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differential predation pressure and the probability of predation on a Batesian mimicry complex and on alternative prey were estimatedin a field experiment. The mimicry complex was composed of a noxious model (Eleodes obscura (Say)) and a palatable mimic (Stenomorpha marginata (LeConte)). House crickets (Acheta domesti...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00397872
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Home range data were collected concurrently from four syntopic browsing ruminant species in a conserved savanna ecosystem. Mean home range areas were: giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) 282 km2; kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) 21.9 km2; impala (Aepyceros melampus) 5.82 km2; steenbok (Raphicerus campestris) 0.62 km2. Hom...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00319416
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the increasing sophistication of ecological models with respect to the size and spatial arrangement of habitat, there is relatively little empirical documentation of how species dynamics change as a function of habitat size and the fraction of habitat occupied. In an assemblage of tidepool fishes, I used maxim...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050427
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A water flux model with daily resolution is described which permits one to assess how changes in the rooting volume, amount of sapwood, leaf area and conductance properties interact to affect water uptake, internal storage, and transpiration.A root zone water compartment is defined for a particular tree on the basis o...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00350630
更新日期:1975-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most animals, siblings from a given reproductive event emerge over a very short period of time. In contrast, many species of birds hatch their young asynchronously over a period of days or weeks, handicapping last-hatched chicks with an age and size disadvantage. Numerous studies have examined the adaptive signific...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1727-8
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anthropogenic nitrogen deposition and projected increases in rainfall variability (the frequency of drought and heavy rainfall events) are expected to strongly influence ecosystem processes such as litter decomposition. However, how these two global change factors interact to influence litter decomposition is largely ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3396-1
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many organisms undergo ontogenetic niche shifts due to considerable changes in size during their development. These ontogenetic shifts can alter the trophic position of individuals, the type and strength of ecological interactions across species, and allow for cannibalism within species. In this study we ask if and ho...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1107-x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00