Abstract:
:Quantifying socioeconomic disparities and understanding the roots of inequalities are growing topics in cancer research. However, socioeconomic differences are challenging to investigate mainly due to the lack of accurate data at individual-level, while aggregate indicators are only partially informative. We implemented a multiple imputation algorithm within a statistical matching framework that combines diverse sources of data to estimate individual-level associations between income and risk of breast and lung cancer, adjusting for potential confounding factors in Italy. The framework is computationally flexible and can be adapted to similar contexts.
journal_name
Stat Medjournal_title
Statistics in medicineauthors
Mezzetti M,Palli D,Dominici Fdoi
10.1002/sim.8392subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-15 00:00:00pages
26-44issue
1eissn
0277-6715issn
1097-0258journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Testing the equality of 2 proportions for a control group versus a treatment group is a well-researched statistical problem. In some settings, there may be strong historical data that allow one to reliably expect that the control proportion is one, or nearly so. While one-sample tests or comparisons to historical cont...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7579
更新日期:2018-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Small but important therapeutic effects of new treatments can be most efficiently detected through the study of large randomized prospective series of patients. Such large scale clinical trials are nowadays commonplace. The alternative is years of polemic and debate surrounding several trials each too small to detect ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780010105
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper considers the analysis of longitudinal data complicated by the fact that during follow-up patients can be in different disease states, such as remission, relapse or death. If both the response of interest (for example, quality of life (QOL)) and the amount of missing data depend on this disease state, ignor...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3755
更新日期:2009-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Equivalence trials aim to show that two treatments have equivalent therapeutic effects. The approach is to define, in advance, a range of equivalence -d to +d for the treatment difference such that any value in the range is clinically unimportant. If the confidence interval for the difference, calculated after the tri...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19980815/30)17:15/16<1691:
更新日期:1998-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::We construct nonparametric regression estimators of a number of temporal functions in a multistate system based on a continuous univariate baseline covariate. These estimators include state occupation probabilities, state entry, exit, and waiting (sojourn) time distribution functions of a general progressive (e.g., ac...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5703
更新日期:2013-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple imputation is becoming increasingly popular for handling missing data, with Markov chain Monte Carlo assuming multivariate normality (MVN) a commonly used approach. Imputing categorical variables (which are clearly non-normal) using MVN imputation is challenging, and several approaches have been sug...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5445
更新日期:2012-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the usual statistical concepts and consequent appropriate simulations of a prospective study for the simple case of a single risk variable and an assumed logistic model. We examine the simulations of Lilienfeld and Pyne, and show that they are seriously flawed. Contrary to those authors' claims, the estima...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780040212
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The coefficient of individual equivalence is a permutation-based measure of agreement between two observers making replicated readings on each subject. It compares the observed disagreement between the observers to the expected disagreement under individual equivalence. Individual equivalence of observers requires tha...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5323
更新日期:2012-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Subjects in randomized controlled trials do not always comply to the treatment condition they have been assigned to. This may cause the estimated effect of the intervention to be biased and also affect efficiency, coverage of confidence intervals, and statistical power. In cluster randomized trials non-compliance may ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8351
更新日期:2019-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Binary matched-pairs data occur commonly in longitudinal studies, such as in cross-over experiments. Many analyses for comparing the matched probabilities of a particular outcome do not utilize pairs having the same outcome for each observation. An example is McNemar's test. Some methodologists find this to be counter...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/sim.1589
更新日期:2004-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The induced smoothing technique overcomes the difficulties caused by the non-smoothness in rank-based estimating functions for accelerated failure time models, but it is only natural when the estimating function has Gehan's weight. For a general weight, the induced smoothing method does not provide smooth estimating f...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6415
更新日期:2015-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Standard randomization-based tests of sharp null hypotheses in randomized clinical trials, that is, intent-to-treat analyses, are valid without extraneous assumptions, but generally can be appropriately powerful only with alternative hypotheses that involve treatment assignment having an effect on outcome. In the cont...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19980215)17:3<371::aid-sim
更新日期:1998-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::We propose to use a very simple model to test whether a cancer cluster is due to chance alone. We focus on the acute childhood leukaemia cluster in Columbus, Ohio. In 1975, 12 leukaemia cases were observed in Columbus while the expected number is 6 cases per year. According to our simple model, the probability of such...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-0258(20000830)19:16<2195::aid-sim522>
更新日期:2000-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::In observational studies with censored data, exposure-outcome associations are commonly measured with adjusted hazard ratios from multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. The difference in restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) up to a pre-specified time point is an alternative measure that offers a clinically m...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8206
更新日期:2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of panel data is often challenged by the presence of heterogeneity and state misclassification. In this paper, we propose a hidden mover-stayer model to facilitate heterogeneity for a population that consists of two subpopulations each of movers or of stayers and to simultaneously account for state misclassif...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7346
更新日期:2017-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Proportional hazards (or Cox) regression is a popular method for modelling the effects of prognostic factors on survival. Use of cubic spline functions to model time-by-covariate interactions in Cox regression allows investigation of the shape of a possible covariate-time dependence without having to specify a specifi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780131007
更新日期:1994-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::The lifetime risk of a clinical condition is the probability of onset of the condition during one's lifespan. Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease (AD) research have identified screening tests for biomarkers that can identify persons who are in the earliest stages of the AD process but who do not yet have any clinic...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8056
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::We present a method to estimate the time-dependent vaccine efficacy from the cohort-specific vaccination coverage and from data on the vaccination status of cases and apply it to a measles epidemic in Germany which involved 529 cases, 88 of whom were vaccinated and 370 unvaccinated (for the remaining 71 cases the vacc...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1043
更新日期:2002-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::The Jimma Infant Survival Differential Longitudinal Study is an Ethiopian study, set up to establish risk factors affecting infant survival and to investigate socio-economic, maternal and infant-rearing factors that contribute most to the child's early survival. Here, a subgroup of about 1500 children born in Jimma to...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19990415)18:7<835::aid-sim
更新日期:1999-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Screening and diagnostic tests are important in disease prevention or control. The predictive values of positive and negative (PPV and NPV) test results are two of four operational characteristics of a screening test. We review an existing method based on the generalized estimating equation (GEE) methodology for compa...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2332
更新日期:2006-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Population dynamic models, commonly used tools in the study of epidemics and other complex population processes, are implicit non-linear mathematical equations. Inference based on such models can be difficult due to the problems associated with high dimensional parameters that may be non-identified and complex likelih...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1258
更新日期:2002-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Propensity score analysis is widely used in observational studies to adjust for confounding and estimate the causal effect of a treatment on the outcome. When the outcome is survival time, there are special considerations on the definition of the causal estimand, point, and variance estimation that have not been thoro...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7839
更新日期:2018-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent Statistics in Medicine paper, Warn, Thompson and Spiegelhalter (WTS) made a comparison between the Bayesian approach to the meta-analysis of binary outcomes and a popular Classical approach that uses summary (two-stage) techniques. They included approximate summary (two-stage) Bayesian techniques in their ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 评论,信件
doi:10.1002/sim.2115
更新日期:2005-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::In a long-running longitudinal study using complex machinery to obtain measurements, it is sometimes necessary to replace the machine. This can result in lack of continuity in the measurements that can overwhelm any treatment effect or time trend. We propose a Bayesian procedure implemented using Markov chain Monte Ca...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1868
更新日期:2004-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials, especially the randomized clinical trial, have been and will remain the gold standard for the evaluation of new interventions, including pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices, procedures, or behavioral modifications. Despite more than five decades of experience, there are still challenges in the...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5405
更新日期:2012-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::We examine the properties of several tests for goodness-of-fit for multinomial logistic regression. One test is based on a strategy of sorting the observations according to the complement of the estimated probability for the reference outcome category and then grouping the subjects into g equal-sized groups. A g x c c...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3202
更新日期:2008-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we discuss statistical inference for a 2 × 2 table under inverse sampling, where the total number of cases is fixed by design. We demonstrate that the exact unconditional distributions of some relevant statistics differ from the distributions under conventional sampling, where the sample size is fixed b...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6511
更新日期:2015-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Multi-type recurrent event data arise when two or more different kinds of events may occur repeatedly over a period of observation. The scientific objectives in such settings are often to describe features of the marginal processes and to study the association between the different types of events. Interval-censored m...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1936
更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::This paper investigates the Bayesian procedures for comparing proportions. These procedures are especially suitable for accepting (or rejecting) the equivalence of two population proportions. Furthermore the Bayesian predictive probabilities provide a natural and flexible tool in monitoring trials, especially for choo...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780140924
更新日期:1995-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Detecting safety signals in clinical trial safety data is known to be challenging due to high dimensionality, rare occurrence, weak signal, and complex dependence. We propose a new hierarchical testing approach for analyzing safety data from a typical randomized clinical trial. This approach accounts for the hierarchi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8495
更新日期:2020-05-15 00:00:00