Abstract:
:1. Mechanisms of depolarizing synaptic inhibition were investigated at the crayfish giant motor synapse with the use of two-electrode current- and voltage-clamp techniques. Depolarizing inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (d-IPSPs) of between 5 and 15 mV in amplitude are produced there in the motor giant motoneuron (MoG) by motor giant inhibitor (MoGI) interneurons. 2. Three mechanisms of inhibition are activated by the d-IPSP: inactivation of a voltage-sensitive inward current (probably sodium), activation of the delayed rectifier, and reverse bias of the electrically rectifying giant motor synapse (GMS). These mechanisms supplement the inhibition produced by a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-mediated increase in postsynaptic conductance. 3. The d-IPSP is produced by a fast-rising increase in postsynaptic membrane conductance that peaks at 10 microS and lasts nearly 100 ms. 4. An 8-ms, 10-mV depolarizing prepulse inactivated 90% of the inward current evoked by a subsequent step to 33 mV above rest potential, which was -70 mV. d-IPSPs having similar amplitudes should have similar effects on the inward current evoked by an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP). 5. The input resistance of MoG decreased by greater than 60% when the cell was depolarized to 11 mV above rest. This resistance change corresponds to delayed rectification, which should also contribute to the increase in input conductance during a d-IPSP. 6. Depolarization of MoG by 10 mV reduced the excitatory postsynaptic current through the GMS by up to 30%. The reduction in synaptic current occurs because postsynaptic depolarization reduces the transynaptic driving force and increases the reverse bias of the electrically rectifying synapse.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
J Neurophysioljournal_title
Journal of neurophysiologyauthors
Edwards DHdoi
10.1152/jn.1990.64.2.532subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-08-01 00:00:00pages
532-40issue
2eissn
0022-3077issn
1522-1598journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The pacemaker current of a bursting neuron of Helix pomatia was investigated using voltage-clamp and pressure-injection techniques. In the steady state the net membrane current was zero near threshold of the action potential at -45 mV. Negative to this potential the membrane current was inward and steady. During burst...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.54.6.1430
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controlled whisker stimulation and single-unit recordings were used to elucidate response transformations that occur during the processing of tactile information from ventral posterior medial thalamus (VPM) through cortical columns in the rat whisker/barrel cortex. Whiskers were either deflected alone, using punctate ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.82.4.1808
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons in the silkmoth antennal lobe (AL) are well characterized in terms of their morphology and odor-evoked firing activity. However, their intrinsic electrical properties including voltage-gated ionic currents and synaptic connectivity remain unclear. To address this, whole cell current- and voltage-clamp recordin...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00050.2015
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine when the muscles and joints of the forelimb become represented in primary motor cortex (M1) during postnatal life and how local representation patterns change. We examined these questions in cats that were anesthetized (45-90 days, n = 14; adults, n = 3) and awake (n = 4; 52-86...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.2000.84.5.2582
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Excitatory synaptic transmission in mono- and polysynaptic pathways between dorsal root afferents and alpha-motoneurons was studied in the spinal cord preparation of the neonatal rat isolated in vitro, using sharp-electrode intracellular recordings. 2. The duration of monosynaptic excitatory postsynaptic potentials...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.1.406
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. We used period/amplitude (PA) analysis to survey electroencephalography (EEG) across vigilance states in the Sprague-Dawley rat. We found a fast cortical EEG frequency band, which we designate rho, whose wave amplitude in rapid eye movement (REM) was elevated above the levels in both waking and nonrapid eye movemen...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.69.4.1368
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flexible behavior requires the ability to delay a response until it is appropriate. This can be achieved by holding either a sensory or a motor representation online. Here we assess whether maintenance of sensory or motor material drives the motor system to different functional states, as indexed by alterations of cor...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01005.2006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A plaid pattern is formed when two sinusoidal gratings of different orientations are added together. Previous work has shown that V1 neurons selectively encode the direction and orientation of the component gratings in a moving plaid but not the direction of the plaid itself (Movshon et al. 1985). We recorded the resp...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00708.2002
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::If a laterally displacing prism is placed in front of one eye of a person or monkey with the other eye occluded, they initially will point to one side of a target that is located directly in front of them. Normally, people and monkeys adapt easily to the displaced vision and correct their aim after a few trials. If th...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1999.81.4.1960
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Hindlimb paw-shake responses were assessed before and after unilateral deafferentation (L3-S1) in chronic-spinal cats (n = 5), spinalized at the T12 level 1 yr earlier. Selected ankle flexor [tibialis anterior (TA)] and extensor [lateral gastrocnemius (LG)] and knee extensor [vastus lateralis (VL)] muscles were sur...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1989.62.1.162
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A question to be addressed in the present study is how different the eyes-closed (EC) and eyes-open (EO) resting states are across frequency bands in terms of efficiency and centrality of the brain functional network. We investigated both the global and nodal efficiency and betweenness centrality in the EC and EO rest...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00585.2013
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ablation and single-unit studies in primates have shown that inferior temporal (IT) cortex is important for pattern discrimination. The first paper in this series suggested that single units in IT cortex of alert monkeys respond to a set of two-dimensional patterns with complex temporal modulation of their spike train...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1987.57.1.162
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spinal network coordinating locomotion is comprised of a core of glutamate and glycine interneurons. This network is modulated by several transmitter systems including spinal GABA interneurons. The purpose of this study is to explore the contribution of GABAergic neurons to the regulation of locomotor burst freque...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00233.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early visual motion signals are local and one-dimensional (1-D). For specification of global two-dimensional (2-D) motion vectors, the visual system should appropriately integrate these signals across orientation and space. Previous neurophysiological studies have suggested that this integration process consists of tw...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00821.2011
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the effects of sensory feedback on bimanual tasks have been studied extensively at two ends of the motor control hierarchy, the cortical and behavioral levels, much less is known about how it affects the intermediate levels, including neural control of homologous muscle groups. We investigated the effects of som...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00269.2016
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The caudal photoreceptor (CPR) interneurons in the sixth abdominal ganglion of the crayfish are complex, multi-modal interneurons. These cells respond directly to light with tonic spike discharges, and they integrate synaptic input from an array of fili-form mechanoreceptors on the tailfan. They also provide input ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.5.3002
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have rarely tested whether the activity of high-frequency discharge (HFD) neurons of the basal ganglia (BG) is modulated by expectation, delivery, and omission of aversive events. Therefore the full value domain encoded by the BG network is still unknown. We studied the activity of HFD neurons of the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90764.2008
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::After a cortical lesion, cortical areas distant from the site of injury are known to undergo physiological and anatomical changes. However, the mechanisms through which reorganization of distant cortical areas is initiated are poorly understood. In a previous publication, we showed that the ventral premotor cortex (PM...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00792.2006
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study we present further evidence supporting the reciprocal nature of output effects on forearm flexor and extensor muscles from single corticomotoneuronal (CM) cells. Spike-triggered averaging of rectified EMG activity was used to test the output effects of 105 motor cortex cells in two rhesus monkeys (Macaca...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1985.53.4.959
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fastigial oculomotor region is the output by which the medioposterior cerebellum influences the generation of saccades. Recent inactivation studies reported observations suggesting an involvement in their dynamics (velocity and duration). In this work, we tested this hypothesis in the head-restrained monkey with t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.01021.2014
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A brain slice preparation from guinea pigs and intracellular recording techniques were used to examine the effects of carbachol application on the three classes (A, B, and C) of neurons (n = 68, 40 of class A, 12 of class B, 16 of class C) within the mediolateral part of the lateral septum (LSml). Bath application of ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.3.1042
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To further understand the excitatory effects of motoneurons on spinal network function, we investigated the entrainment of disinhibited rhythms by ventral root (VR) stimulation in the neonatal mouse spinal cord. A brief train of stimuli applied to a VR triggered bursting reliably in 31/32 experiments. The same roots t...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.90740.2008
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Connections between layer V pyramidal cells and GABAergic fast-spiking interneurons (pyramidal-FS) were studied by paired recordings combined with morphological analyses in acute neocortical slices from 28- to 52-day-old rats. Pairs of spikes elicited in pyramidal cells at a stimulation rate of 0.2 Hz induced unitary ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00750.2002
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The onset of visual activity in the superficial layers of the cat superior colliculus begins abruptly at about 6 days postnatal (DPN), just before natural eye opening. Despite the presence of many inactive sites at this time, the systematic nature of the superior colliculus visuotopy is already evident. The number ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1994.72.1.266
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We presented optic flow and real movement heading stimuli while recording MSTd neuronal activity. Monkeys were alternately engaged in three tasks: visual detection of optic flow heading perturbations, vestibular detection of real movement heading perturbations, and auditory detection of brief tones. Push-button RTs we...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00958.2016
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Directional hearing is crucial for animals depending on acoustic signals to locate a mate. We focused on crickets to explore the reliability of directional information forwarded to the brain by the ascending auditory interneuron AN1, which is crucial for phonotactic behavior. We presented calling song from -45° to +45...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00737.2019
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Monkeys with large unilateral surgical ablations of striate cortex, sustained either in adulthood or at 5-6 wk of age, were trained on an oculomotor detection and localization task and tested with visual stimuli in the hemifields ipsilateral and contralateral to the lesion 2-5 yr after surgery. 2. Monkeys with lesi...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1996.76.6.3928
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Red rod photoreceptors in the toad retina, which are known to be physiologically coupled, were examined for interreceptor contacts. 2. A dense network of large gap junctions was found between the inner segments of red rods, this being the only specialized site of contact that was observed between rods. Each red rod...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1979.42.1.292
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::During walking, maintenance and coordination of activity in leg motoneurons requires intersegmental signal transfer. In a semi-intact preparation of the stick insect, we studied membrane potential modulations in mesothoracic (middle leg) motoneurons and local premotor nonspiking interneurons that were induced by stepp...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.00493.2005
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Bicuculline-induced epileptiform bursts in slices of neocortical tissue resected from children (3 mo to 14 yr) undergoing neurosurgical treatment for intractable epilepsy were studied with conventional intracellular recording techniques. The purposes of this study were to characterize the bursts evoked in immature ...
journal_title:Journal of neurophysiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.1759
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00